粉煤灰制备含硫絮凝剂的研究进展仝坤

　　　201129仝　坤1,2　张以河1　侯连栋2　陈　建2　郭晓艳2　孙晓霞2(1.(),100083;2.,124010)　:介绍了粉煤灰的来源、数量、危害、主要成分及性质,简介了粉煤灰的综合利用情况;综述了以粉煤灰为主要原料制备含硫絮凝剂的工艺、方法等研究现状和在水处理中的应用效果;分析了该类絮凝剂处理污水的机理;对进一步有效开发利用粉煤灰提出了建议。:粉煤灰;絮凝剂;污水处理REVIEWOFPREPARATIONOFSULFATE-BASEDCOMPLEXCOAGULANTSFROMFLYASHTongKun1,2　ZhangYihe1　HouLiandong2　ChenJian2　GuoXiaoyan2　SunXiaoxia2(1.SchoolofMaterialsScienceandTechnology,ChinaUniversityofGeosciences,Beijing100083,China;2.CNPCLiaohePetroleumExplorationBureau,Panjin124010,China)Abstract:Someinformationofflyashsuchassource,quantity,hazard,themaincomponentsandpropertiesareintroduced.Comprehensiveutilizationofflyashasmainrawmaterialhasbeenconciselyreviewed.Themethods,processesofpreparedsulfate-basedcomplexcoagulantsutilizedinwastewatertreatmentarealsoin-troduced.Themechanismofwastewatertreatmenthasbeenanalyzed.Problemsofpreparationflocculantsfromflyasharesummarized.Itproposedsomesuggestionsonfurtherdevelopmentandusingofflyash.Keywords:flyash;coagulant;wastewatertreatment　　,,40%,“”[1]。20083×108t,,,,,[2]。、,、、,。、、、、。、、。1　1.1　粉煤灰的组成,,1。TerezaCtvrtnickova[3](LIBS),(、、、)。1。1　[4]SiO2Al2O3Fe2O3CaOMgOSO3Na2OK2OLoss/%50.627.27.02.81.20.30.51.38.2/%33.9～59.716.5～35.41.5～15.40.8～4.40.7～1.90～1.10.2～1.10.7～2.91.2～23.51.2　粉煤灰的性质,,,,;,、、,405DOI:10.13205/j.hjgc.2011.s1.112　　　201129。2　,[5-8]。、、。、。2.1　一元酸絮凝剂2.1.1　(PFS),、、,,、、,COD、、,pH(pH4～11),PFS,[9-10]。HeathLloyd[11](SO2),,100%,。2.1.2　(PAFS)、、、、,,,SS、COD、BOD5。Fe、Al。。[12],、。,,Al、Fe5734mg/L、2336mg/L,15.5%、26.4%。,COD57.5%,SS93.1%。LingLi[13],、,。MaohongFan[14-15],120℃、4hFe3+Al3+0.58mol/L0.93mol/L,84.8%55.1%。2.2　二元酸絮凝剂2.2.1　(PFASS),4～5,1.3～1.5,3～4,,。,[16],NaCl(NaCl0.05∶1),(1∶10)1.5h;,pH2.0,NaNO2(NaNO2FeSO4·7H2O3%),,40～50℃2h,;3%,pH5～6,;,。。SEM、XRDIR,。2.2.2　(PAFCS)、、COD,。[17-19]NH4FKF,46%;60～70℃A1(OH)3pH3.0～3.5,6h,SO42-2h,。XRDSEM。[20],,:m()/m()=0.15,m()/V()=1∶3,2h,104℃。[Al3+]∶[Fe3+]=1∶1,PAFCS[Al3+]/[SO42-]=15,pH=1.40。2.2.3　[21]NaOH,(PFS)(F-PFS),F-PFS,Na2SiO3PFS(N-PFS)。F-PFS、N-PFSPFS:120℃,4mol/LNaOH4h0.2079g。n(Fe)∶n(Si)=1∶406　　　2011290.2,2h,F-PFS。F-PFSN-PFS,、、N-PFSPFS。2.3　多元酸系列(PSiAFCS):,[22]KF800℃1h,6mg/L2h,,60℃Al(OH)3pH,4h,Na2SO42h,(PAFCS);90℃,4mg/L,160℃0.6MPa5h,;SiO22.5%,pH6.0,10min,,,n(Al+Fe)/n(Si)PAF-CS,(PSiAF-CS)。PSiAFCSn(Al)∶n(SO42-)=11∶1、n(Al+Fe)∶n(Si)=10∶1、60℃、24h。,1.00～6.25mg/L,pH6～11,20min,20～60℃,[23]。2.4　其他类型的含硫絮凝剂的制备,,,、、、。,。()30～50%,、,。[24]100g(3∶1),NaCl7g,15%250mL,100℃3h。,COD、SS62.72%、90.02%65.55%。[25]:100g(4∶1),6g,300mL(HCl15%),90℃2h。94.4%97.5%。[26],pH1013COD,50%,157.0mg/L。,、。[27],100℃2～3h;[28][29]H2SO4。[30]、。3　,Fe3+、Al3+、Cl,Fe2+、Ca2+、Mg2+,Fe3+、Al3+,ζ,。,。,[31]。Al2(SO4)3、FeCl3、AlCl3、Fe2(SO4)3、FeSO4、H2SiO3,。4　、,;、,,,;,,,,,[32];,、。[1].[M].:,2000:243-248.[2].[J].,2009(29):38-39.[3]TerezaCtvrtnickova,Mari-PazMateo,ArmandoYañez,etal.Characterizationofcoalflyashcomponentsbylaser-inducedbreak-downspectroscopy[J].SpectrochimicaActaPartB:AtomicSpec-troscopy,2009,64(10):1093-1097.407　　　201129[4].[M].:,2001:21-83.[5],.[J].,2005(16):12-14.[6],.[J].,2006,25(3):120-123.[7],,,.[J].,2003,22(4):50-52.[8],,.[J].,2001,21(12):9-14.[9],.[J].,2003,23(6):47-48.[10].[J].,2002,22(1):5-8.[11]HeathLloyd,AdrienneTCooperb,MaohongFan,etal.PilotplantevaluationofPFSfromcoal-firedpowerplantwaste[J].ChemicalEngineeringandProcessing,2007(46):257-261.[12],,,.[J].,2008,34(5):210-214.[13]LingLi,MaohongFan,RobertC.etal.Productionofanewwastewatertreatmentcoagulantfromflyashwithconcomitantfluegasscrubbing[J].JournalofHazardousMaterials,2009,162(2/3):1430-1437.[14]MaohongFan,RobertCBrown,ThomasDWheelock,etal.Pro-ductionofacomplexcoagulantfromflyash[J].ChemicalEngi-neeringJournal,2005,106(3):269-277.[15]MaohongFan,RobertCBrown,J(Hans)VanLeeuwen,etal.Thekineticsofproducingsulfate-basedcomplexcoagulantfromflyash[J].ChemicalEngineeringandProcessing,2005(42):1019-1025.[16].[D].:,2003.[17],,.[C].,2004:112-115.[18],,.[J].,2005,24(2):158-161.[19].PAFCS[D].:,2002.[20],,,.PAFCS[J].,2002,54(4):113-115.[21],,,.[J].,2009,30(7):2179-2184.[22],,.[J].,2009,29(6):51-54.[23],,.[J].,2009,35(2):39-42.[24],,.[J].,2004,23(4):252-255.[25],,,.[J].,2003,18(3):16-19.[26],,.[J].,2004,18(6):50-52.[27],,,.[J].,1998,25(2):72-76.[28],,.[J].,2000,20(3):20-22.[29],,.[J].,1995,16(2):47-49,64.[30],.[J].,2002(3):27-28.[31],,,.[J].,1998,18(4):431-434.[32],.[J].,2006,25():319-320.　　124010　85E-mail　[e-mail]2009-09-04(396)[22]CemaG,WiszniowskiJ,etal.Biologicalnitrogenremovalfromlandfillleachatebydeammonificationassistedbyheterotrophicdenitrificationinarotatingbiologicalcontactor(RBC)[J].Waterscienceandtechnology,2007,55(8-9):35-42.[23]WantawinC,JuateeaJ,NoophanPL,etal.Autotrophicnitro-genremovalinsequencingbatchbiofilmreactorsatdifferentoxy-gensupplymodes[J].Waterscienceandtechnology,2008,5(1):1889-1894.[24]YanJ,HuYY.Comparisonofpartialnitrificationtonitriteforammonium-richorganicwastewaterinsequencingbatchreactorsandcontinuousstirred-tankreactoratlaboratory-scale[J].Waterscienceandtechnology,2009,60(11):2861-2868.[25],MarkvanLoosdrecht.DOKHAVEN[J].,2003,29(10):19-25.[26]MarcStrous,EricvanGerven,PingZheng,eta1.Ammoniumre-movalfromconcentratedwastestream