高硫酸盐难降解废水高温厌氧处理中限量曝气的应用及影响

1,2,3,3(1.,121,50121193,;2.,100084;3.,221621,75528611,):,UASB.,.,.2,COD,40%50%60%70%.,.:;UASB;;;;:X703;X505:A:025023301(2006)0721339206:2005205218;:2005207213:(1973),,,.EffectofLimitedAerationontheThermophilicAnaerobicTreatmentofHigh2SulfateRefractoryWastewaterZHOUWei2li1,WANGYan2chun2,IMAITsuyoshi3,UKITAMasao3(1.RiverBasinResearchCenter,GifuUniversity,121Yanagido,Gifu50121193,Japan;2.TsinghuaUnisplendourEnvironmentalProtectionCo.Ltd.,Beijing100084,China;3.Dept.ofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineering,YamaguchiUniversity,Tokiwadai221621,Ube,Yamaguchi75528611,Japan)Abstract:Athermophilicup2flowanaerobicsludgeblanket(UASB)reactorwasusedtotreathigh2sulfaterefractorywastewaterfromasulfitepulpmill.Themicroorganismswereinhibitedsignificantlyastheresultofsulfatereduction.Basedontheconsiderationthatthelimitedaerationmaystriphydrogensulfideoutandoxidizepartofthesulfideintonontoxicelementalsulfur,limitedaerationwasintroducedintothereactorlatertoreducetheinhibition.Thereactorshowedmuchbetterrunningstabilityandhighertreatmentcapacitythereafter.CODremovalincreasedfrom40%50%to60%70%whentheorganicloadingrate(OLR)wasdoubled.Thisstudyverifiedthatsomemethanogenscouldbeaerotolerantwhilesomeofthefermentationbacteriamightbesensitivetotheincompleteanaerobicsurroundings.Keywords:limitedaeration;UASB;thermophilictreatment;inhibition;sulfurcompounds;refractorymaterials/,,,.[1,2],,(SRB),,[3],,,,[4].,,[5]2[6][7]pH[8].,.,.,,UASB.,,[9,10].,,27720067ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol.27,No.7Jul.,2006,.,.1111.70,1.1,pH,,,,.(NP),,BOD5/CODCr012.COD/SO2-410,[11,12].COD,CODSO2-4.1/mgL-1Table1Characteristicsoftherawwastewater/mgL-1pH23MLSS19002000COD1200025000MLVSS1500BOD525005500TN320480TOC32006850TP220320SO2-4120025008001700S2-+HS-9029090022001121.UASB1015L,92mm,116m,551..,(FeCl36H2O5mgL-1,CoCl26H2O015mgL-1NiCl26H2O015mgL-1),NaHCO3pH610615.113UASBCOD(VFA)MLSSMLVSS.(10cm)MLSSMLVSS.CODMLSSMLVSS[13].VFA[:GC28APT/TCD(,);VFA:GC28APF/FID(,)].H2SH2S(GASTEC,4HH).[14],,2.(SEM,HitachiS22300).1Fig.1Experimentallayout2211UASB2,2.2UASBTable2RunningconditionsoftheUASBreactor/dCOD/mgL-1/Ld-1COD/kg(m3d)-1HRT/d035420052102417456005218218293770053182304537100531524657346008154101125866348501041516881365001061218290298001091019197113860010815198117212500101210122,.,,,[2(b)].[2(c)],VFA[2(d)].COD(40%50%)[2(a)],.20d50%0431272UASBFig.2Runningperformanceofthereactor20%,.VFA.45d,,.2,,.68d,UASB.2,,,VFA,COD60%70%..89d,COD9kg(m3d)-1(2),1d,COD60%70%,.,COD,60%70%.12kg(m3d)-1,.:9kg(m3d)-1;510mL(Lmin)-1;1d.[3(a)]2mL(Lmin)-1(vup=0106mh-1)10mL(Lmin)-1(vup=0125mh-1),,,MLVSS60d4812gL-193d4213gL-1.30mL(Lmin)-1(vup=018mh-1),,[2(e)].20d5gL-1,[2(a)].UASB,,10mL(Lmin)-1.212UASB,,,(S2-+HS-)(H2S).,H2S.,2,1,S2-;2,H2S,H2S.14317,UASB,.,H2S25000mL/m3,,,,.3(b).3,1,,.,10000mL/m3.,3(c).,,.3(c),,[3(a)].3,.UASB,,.,.213,.,,.,[17],,.(SO2-4,SO2-3,S2-).,.,,.,2.[4(a)],60d,[3Fig.3Variationofaerationrateandthesulfurcompoundsdischargedfromthereactor4(b)],,,Santegoeds[15]2,.,,[4(c)],,.,,.Zimoter[9].,,.,,.214243127(a)(b)(c)4Fig.4SEMobservationofthemicroorganismsinthegranularsludge.,[16],,.,,VFA,COD,.()(5).5Fig.5Variationofligninandcellulose&hemicelluloseinthewastewater[5(b)],1d,50%60%.20%,.[5(a)],,60%70%,20%40%(20%30%0).,(),,.3(1),.UASB,2,COD,40%50%60%70%.(2),..(3),COD..:[1]FerryJG.Biochemistryofmethanogenesis[J].CriticalReviewinBiochemistryandMolecularBiology,1992,27:473503.[2]FlorencioL,FieldJA,LettingaG.Importanceofcobaltforindividualtrophicgroupsinananaerobicmethanoldegradingconsortium[J].Appl.Environ.Microbiol.,1994,60:227234.34317[3]SchonheitP,KristjanssonJK,ThauerRK.Kineticmechanismfortheabilityofsulfatereducerstoout2competemethanogensforacetate[J].Arch.Microbiol.,1982,132:285288.[4]OudeElferinkJWHS,VisserA,HulshoffPolLW,etal.Sulfatereductioninmethanogenicbioreactors[J].FEMSMicrobiol.Rev.,1994,15:119136.[5]GenschowE,HegenannW,MaschkeC.Biologicalsulfateremovalfromtannerywastewaterinatwo2stageanaerobictreatment[J].Wat.Res.,1996,30(9):20722078.[6]PeterF,Venkatraghavan,Venkatasubbiah.Coupledanaerobic/aerobictreatmentofhigh2sulfatewastewaterwithsulfatereductionandbiologicalsulfideoxidation[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1996,34(526):359366.[7].Fe(OH)3[J].,1999,19(6):493495.[8]ImaiT,UkitaM,SekineM,etal.TreatmentcharacteristicsofhighstrengthfermentationwastewaterconsistingofhighsulfateandammoniabyUAHBProcess[J].Wat.Sci.Technol.,1998,38(8/9):377384.[9]ZitomerDH,ShroutJD.High2sulfate,high2chemicaloxygendemandwastewatertreatmentusingaeratedmethanogenicfluidizedbeds[J].WaterEnviron.Res.,2000,72(1):9097.[10]LensPN,DePoorterMP,VerstraeteWH,etal.Sulfatereducingandmethaneproducingbacteriainaerobicwastewatertreatmentsystems[J].Wat.Res.,1995,29(3):871880.[11]VisserA,AlphenaarPA,GaoY,etal.Granulationandimmobilizationofmethanogenicandsulfate2reducingbacteriainhigh2rateanaerobicreactors[J].Appl.Microbiol.Biotechnol.,1993,40(4):575581.[12]VisserA,BeeksmaB,VanDerZeeF,etal.Anaerobicdegradationofvolatilefattyacidsatdifferentsulphateconcentration[J].Appl.Microbiol.Biotechnol.,1993,40(4):549556.[13]AmericanPublicHealthAssociation.Standardmethodforthee