固定化硝化菌去除氨氮的研究

18219973ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol.18,No.2Mar.,1997*王　磊　兰淑澄(,100037)(PVA),,,(NH4)2SO4.;;.:2428,7.5%,HRT8h,NH4-N0.6kg/(m3d)3.49kg/(m3d),NH4-N95.5%,COD80%.,,,.*:1996-10-20,,80,.NH4-N.1(PVA):175050;:160;:A2/O.,.1:PVA(45.2%)50%4.8%)35(2%CaCl2pH)24h3mm3mm1,2.11011/g.22.1(1)PVA7.5%10%12.5%3PVA,:PVA7.5%10%.PVA7.5%,,,,;PVA10%,PVA,,;,,,,PVA10%.(2),18h,24h.18h,,,PVA;,,,.(3)PVA().,,,.,PVA-2%CaCl2,,.(4)pH20,.,pH.,pH.Na2CO3pH6.7,.2.2(1)(Kr).,(Rrp),.22:,Rrp;3,Rrp.,20d.,.(2),,.3%..2.3(1),,,PVA,,.(2)PVA,,,,.(3),,.(4),,,;,;,.,.(5),.,.(6),,.2.41L,60cm,4.8cm,.(1).34NH4-NCOD.3NH4-N1.NH4-N2.NH4-N3.4.(COD371.7mg/L,NH4-N60.7mg/L),3hCOD98.5%,3hCOD1914COD1.COD2.COD3.4.93.1%.9h,,11.3;NH4-N5.6mg/L,90.8%,81.1%.(2)CODNH4-N5CODNH4-N,5.55NH4-N1.NH4-N2.COD3.COD/NH4-N,COD,,,.COD,5.()(),(),COD,;,,,,.:27,7.5%,HRT8h,COD134.9kg/(m3d),NH4-N3.07kg/(m3d),NH4-N100%,COD86.7%.(3)pH6.6,,,pH,pH,.pH,,.pH7.0-8.5.(4).,.2535.,:1520,.7,2428,,.73(23)2018,3.:,,.,,,,,.[2]:,,,,,.,,,,,.,,,,,,.3.3.,.,,,,,,,.,[3].4(1)5.,2..(2)5.,,,,..(3).1PitterPetal..BiodegradabilityofOrganicSubstancesintheAquaticEnvironment,CRCPress,19922..:,19913SatoshiFukuzakietal..Appl.Environ.Microbiol..1990,56(3):719(20)(1)PVApH.(2)PVA-,3%,30d,,408mg/(Lh).(3),.COD;pH;.1.,1993,14(5):512.,1993,15(3):373.,1986,23(262):414..:,1993:6375Etsuoetal..Biotech.andBioeng.,1982,XXIV:15916TramperJetal..Eur.J.Appl.Microbial.Biotech.,1983,187.,28(334):448.,1991,14(10,11):755;8209.,1990,31(3):13910..:,1989:131231theeffectsongrowthandgenetictoxicityofplants;SR-bac.enterthebloodwithin6hoursafteroralintubationandareexcretedfromurineanddungafter24hours,andfinallyaredestroyedinthebloodafter7-9days.TheSR-bac.aresafeinindustryapplicationofpu-rifyingheavymetalsinthewastewater.Keywords:SR-bacterium,safety,toxicity,tox-igenecity,animaltest.StudyonRemovingAmmoniumNitrogenfromWastewaterbyImmobilizedNitrobacteria.WangLei,LanShucheng(BeijingMunicipalResearchAcademyofEnvironmentalProtec-tion,Beijing100037):Chin.J.Environ.Sci.,18(2),1997,pp.18-22Thisresearchaimedattheimmobilizationpro-cessofnitrobacteriaandremovingammoniumnitrogenfromwastewaterbyimmobilizedni-trobacteria.Animmobilizationsystemwasob-tainedwithentrappingcultivatednitrifyingac-tivatedsludgeinmixedpolyvinylalcohol(PVA)gelbeadsandpowderedactivatedcar-bon,treatingcomposedwastewatermainlyconsistedof(NH4)2SO4andglucose.Thein-fluencefactorsofimmobilizedprocessandni-trificationwerestudied.Somebiologicalchar-acterastics,suchasoxigenusingrate(OUR)andremainingactivity(RA),weretested.Mi-crobekindsanddistributionofimmobilizedmicrobialwereobservedandanalyzedbyelec-tronmicroscope.Theresultsshowedthatun-dertheconditionof24-28pelletspackagepercentage7.5%HRT8h,influentNH4-Nloadingrateincreasedfrom0.6kg/(m3d)to3.49kg/(m3d),NH4-Nremovalefficiencyreached95.5%andCODkeptmorethan80%.Keywords:immobilization,nitrobacteria,wastewater,biologicalremovalofammonium.StudyonInhibitoryCharacteristicsofRefrac-toryOrganismsHeMiao,ZhangXiaojianetal.(Dept.ofEnviron.Eng.,TsinghuaUniver-sity,Beijing100084):Chin.J.Environ.Sci.,18(2),1997,pp.21-23Asystematicstudyoninhibitorycharacteris-ticsofheterocyclicandpolycyclicaromaticcompoundswasconductedundertheaerobiccondition.Theexperimentalresultsshowedthatfivecompoundssuchascarbazoleandbiphenylhavethesimilarinhibitorycharacter-istics,whichshowsacuteeverlastingtoxicityandstrongstrengthofinhibition,belongingtothemechanismofirreversibleinhibition,fivecompoundssuchasquinolineandindoleincipi-entlyinhibitthedegradationofphenol,whichpassthroughinductionperiod,recoverperiodtonormaldegradationperiod,belongingtothemechanismofreversibleinhibition;theinhibi-tionofnaphthaleneisofcompetitive.Keywords:heterocycliccompounds,polycyclicaromatichydrocarbons,inhibitorycharacteris-tics,cosubstrate.AnalysisofButyltinCompoundsbyExtrac-tion/TLCSeparation/Scinticounting.HuangGuolan,ChenChunjiang,DaiShugui(Depart-mentofEnvironmentalScience,NankaiUni-versity,Tianjin,300071):Chin.J.Environ.Sci.,18(2),1997,pp.24-27Inordertostudythetransportandtransfor-mationoftributyltinintheaquaticenviron-mentwith14Ccarbonisotopetracertechnique,authordevelopedananalyticalmethodofEx-traction/TLCSeparation/Scinticountingforthedeterminationof14C-labelled-butyltincom-pounds.TLCseparationconditionsandinflu-encefactorswereinvestigated.Therecoveriesof14C-labelled-butyltincompoundsintheenvi-ronmentalsamplessuchaswater,sedimentandbiotaweredeterminedforthefirsttime.TheexperimentalresultshowedthattheRfvalueofbutyltincompoundsincreaseswiththeincreasingproportionofpolarcomponent(aceticacid)inthedeveloper.Whentheratioisopropylethertoaceticacidis971,optimumseparationisachieved.Theinfluenceoftem-peratureonRfvalueisnotsignificant.TheRfvalueofdi-andmonobutyltinisinfluencedbytheextractingcomplexagent,tropolone.Therecoveriesof14C-labeledtributyltininwater,waterfilteredwitha0.45mfilter-mem-brane,sedimentandbiotasampleare44.2%,39.6%,37.9%,and40.5%respectively.Keywords:Extraction/TLCSeparation/Scin-ticounting,butyltincompounds,aquaticenvi-ronment,determination.EffectofCadmiumonSero-ProteinsofTilapiamossambica.ShenHongandWa