化纤废水中主要污染物对大型蚤的急性毒性及联合毒性作用曲克明

7　120003JOURNALOFFISHERYSCIENCESOFCHINAVol.7　No.1Mar.2000:1005-8737(2000)01-0078-04曲克明1,袁有宪1,陈民山1,陈碧鹃1,王会平2,潘巧英2(1.中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071;2.仪征化纤股份有限公司环境监测站,江苏仪征211900)　:研究了化纤废水中主要污染物乙醛、对苯二甲酸和乙二醇对大型蚤的急性毒性及联合毒性作用。结果表明,乙醛对大型蚤48h-LC50、96h-LC50值分别为16.8、4.2mg/L,安全质量浓度为0.42mg/L;对苯二甲酸对大型蚤48h-LC50、96h-LC50值分别为3165.2、1111.7mg/L,安全质量浓度为111.2mg/L;乙二醇对大型蚤48h-LC50、96h-LC50值分别为3867.2、2442.6mg/L,安全质量浓度为244.3mg/L。联合毒性试验的混合毒物的配比为:乙醛∶对苯二甲酸∶乙二醇=1∶265∶582(毒性单位为4.2∶1111.7∶2442.6)时,混合毒物对大型蚤的96h-LC50值为337.7mg/L,安全质量浓度为33.8mg/L,Q值为3.5。其联合毒性特征表现为协同作用。:大型蚤,乙醛,对苯二甲酸,乙二醇,毒性试验,化纤废水:R994.6;Q959.223　　　　　:A:1998-07-24:(1964-),,,,。　　、。,。,。(Daphniamagna)[1],、,,[2]。[3]。、,。1　1.1　,。。1。,(99%)。、,1000mg/L()。,1000mg/L。,、3d。。1.2　150ml,,,100ml。10,3。(22±1)℃。,1,,。1.3　(1)Litchfield-Wilcoxon,LC50、95%。(2)[3]。LC50LC50。LC50=1/[a/LC50(A)+b/LC50(B)+c/LC50(C)+……+n/LC50(N)]。,a,b,…,nA,B,…,N,a+b+…+n=1。Q=LC50/LC50。Q0.57,0.57～1.75,1.75。2　2.1　　　1。,48h-LC5096h-LC5016.8、4.2mg/L,95%1.43～20.44.1～5.0mg/L,0.42mg/L。2.2　2。,48h-LC5096h-LC503165.21111.7mg/L,95%2805.4～3636.7945.1～1282.9mg/L,111.2mg/L。1　Table1　TheexperimentalresultsofacutetoxicityofacetaldehydetoD.magna/(mg·L-1)Concentration24h/Survival/%Mortality48h/Survival/%Mortality72h/Survival/%Mortality96h/Survival/%Mortality01001001001001001001001001001001001001.01001001009101001001009101001001009103.21001009107301001008206401001009106405.61009106404601008207304601007306403701010082055019010082046001001007305501901810019001000100100010001000100100190010001002　Table2　Theexperimentalresultsofacutetoxicityofp-phthaalicacidtoD.magna/(mg·L-1)Concentration24h/Survival/%Mortality48h/Survival/%Mortality72h/Survival/%Mortality96h/Survival/%Mortality01001001001001001001001001001001001003201001001001001001001001001001009109105601001001009101001009108201001001001001000910820730730100910640640100100640640180091064028019082082037028082073028019032000100010001000100010001000100010001000100010001002.3　3。,48h-LC5096h-LC503867.22442.6mg/L,95%791　　　　　　　　　:　　　　　　　　　3856.1～3878.32420.1～2465.1mg/L,244.3mg/L。3　Table3　TheexperimentalresultsofacutetoxicityofethyleneglycoltoD.magna/(mg·L-1)Concentration24h/Survival/%Mortality48h/Survival/%Mortality72h/Survival/%Mortality96h/Survival/%Mortality0100100100100100100100100100100100100100010010091082010010082073010091082082018009108208206409107306406408207306405503200820640550640820730730550910730550550560073055037028064055037037055046028019010000370190010001002800100010001004600100010001002.4　:∶∶=1∶265∶582(4.2∶1111.7∶2442.6)。4。,96h-LC50337.7mg/L,95%329.4～346.0mg/L,Q3.5。33.8mg/L,。4　Table4　TheexperimentalresultofjointactionofpollutantstoD.magnaToxicunit/(mg·L-1)Concentration24h/Survival/%Mortality48h/Survival/%Mortality72h/Survival/%Mortality96h/Survival/%Mortality001001001001001001001001001001001001000.02484.81001009109101001009108209108208207300.043152.61001009109109108208208209107306406400.076271.49108208207309107306405509107305505500.133474.99108206406409106406405509206405504600.238848.09103703702808204604603708205703702800.4291526.42801901901900100010001000100190190010001003　、。,,。。:[1]　,.(,)[M].:,1979.103-104.[2]　,.[J].,1998,18(2):1-4.80　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　7[3]　,,,.[M].:,1989.267.[4]　OECD.Guidelinesfortestingofchemicals[J].In:OECDFrance,1981,202:1-16.AcutetoxicityandjointeffectofpollutantsinfibrewastewateronDaphniamagnaQUKe-ming1,YUANYou-xian1,CHENMin-shan1,CHENBi-juan1,WANGHui-ping2,PANQiao-ying2(1.YellowSeaFisheriesResearchInstitute,ChineseAcademyofFisherySciences,Qingdao266071,China;2.YizhengChemicalFibreCo.Ltd.Jiangsu,Yizheng211900,China)Abstract:Acutetoxicityandjointactionofthemainpollutantsacetaldehyde,p-phthalicacidandethyleneglycolinfibrewasterwatertoDaphmamagnawerestudied.Theresultsshowthatthevaluesof96h-LC50ofac-etaldehyde,p-phthalicacidandethyleneglycolare4.2,1111.7and2442.6mg/Lrespectively,andthe48h-LC50ofthoseare16.8,3165.2and3867.2mg/L.Theirsafeconcentrationsare0.42,111.2and244.3mg/L.Thejointtoxicityissynergisticwhenthemixtureconsistsofacetal,dehyde,p-phthalicacidandethyleneglycolattheratioof1∶265∶582,ofwhichthevalueof96h-LC50is337.7mg/L,safeconcentration33.8mg/L,thevalueofQ3.5.Keywords:Daphniamagna;acetaldehyde;p-phthalicacid;ethyleneglycol;toxicitytest;fibrewasterwater811　　　　　　　　　: