环境和水质条件冲击下厌氧生物反应器的稳定性研究进展金仁村

金仁村,郑　平,黄可谈,陈旭良,陈建伟(浙江大学环境工程系,浙江杭州310029):,。,,,。:;;;;:TQ033;TQ052.5　:A　:0253-4320(2006)05-0013-05AdvancesinstabilityofanaerobicbioreactorlashedbyenvironmentalandwastewatercompositionvariationsJINRen-cun,ZHENGPing,HUANGKe-tan,CHENXu-liang,CHENJian-wei(DepartmentofEnvironmentalEngineering,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou310029,China)Abstract:Stabilityisanimportantcharacteristicofanaerobicwastewatertreatmentsystems,environmentalandwastewatercompositionvariationsareusualcausesofinstability.Inthispaper,thedefinitionandmeasuringparametersofthestabilityarediscussed.Moreover,themechanismandbehaviorofbioreactoroperationalinstabilityundertheconditionofenvironmentalandwastewatercompositionshocks,aswellastheinfluencingfactorsofstabilityareanalyzed.Itispointedoutthatthetoleranceofanaerobicreactorstoshocksareaffectedbythefactorsofthecharacteristicsoftreatmentsystemaswellasthevariationitself.Keywords:anaerobicreactors;stability;environmentalvariations;nonsteadystates;shock　:2006-01-04;:2006-03-22　:(30070017)(2003C13005)　:(1979-),,;(1962-),,,,,,0571-86971709,13136155433,[e-mail]。　　,,、()、,。,,,。,,。,,。1　,。,[1]。,,,。,(),。,,。,,,。2,()()。,,。,。,,,;,,·13·265现代化工May200620065ModernChemicalIndustryDOI:10.16606/j.cnki.issn0253-4320.2006.05.004,,,;,,,,。,,。,,。,。,Leitao[1](UASB):(COD)、、pH,。,。,,,、、,UASB、、,,。,,,,,,。,,(、、),。2　2.1　2.1.1　温度。,、;、,。,,。,。,,,,,pH,,。vanLier[2]UASB。,39℃。45、55、61、65℃,5、7h24h。,45℃,,。,,45℃,。,,。Visser[3],UASB。,45℃,55℃65℃,。,RintalaLepis-to[4](55℃)(35、50、55、58、65、70℃)。65～70℃,,30h。70h,35℃。Omil[5]2pH。,30℃UASB(pH7.75～8.00),15℃12℃3dCOD,2。El-Mashad[6],(HRT)10d20d,50℃60℃。:10℃10h,10℃5h。,pH,、、。,,,,,[7]。,、、。,,,。,2～3℃。,;,·14·现代化工265。,,,[8]。,。2.1.2　pHpH。pH。,pH(6.3～7.8)[9-10],pH。,pH,(VFA),。pH。BorjaBanks[11],pH103、10h,,pH。Visser[12]VFA,pH8,。,(8h)pH。Moletta[13]pH。HClpH6.86.6,40%,CO2,H2。NaOHpH7.4,,CO2,pHCO2,。Lettinga[14],pH,pH,,、、VFA。2.1.3　溶解氧浓度F420-,。,,,,,。Kato[15],3.8mg/L,UASB(EGSB)。UASB,,25cm,。,,[1]。2.2　2.2.1　碳源(),。SchmidtAhring[16]UASB。,、、、,4,4UASB4,。,。,。,。[16],、,。YangAnderson[17]UASB、,UASB。3,,2。,3(COD、、)。400d,3kg/(m3·d)29kg/(m3·d)。,10.5kg/(m3·d),。,,。、、、。,、、。,。Fukuzaki[18]UASB(COD1.5～3.9g/L)、(COD1.25～2.50g/L)、(COD2.0～7.0g/L)、(COD1.5～2.9g/L)(COD1.5～3.0g/L),。UASB37℃,1.5g/L。,、()、。,;,。·15·20065:2.2.2　长链脂肪酸(LCFA),,,[19-21]。,,100mg/L,[20-21]。LCFA,。,LCFA。,,LCFA,,,。,[22]。2.2.3　洗涤剂,,、。Matthijs[23],,47%。(、、)[24],,[24-25]。MensahForster[26]3。()0.2%12h。,pH(8.4)(CaCO31300mg/L)。7h,,CODVFA,。12h,。Nagel[24]UASB。,HRT13.3h,30～35℃,,。3,0.1%、0.4%、0.6%(),。,,,VFA,。3　,2,[27]。,;,,。,。Xing[28](400d)CSTR,:16g/L3d,3d。,8g/L,HRT10d,35℃。,4:①49d,(VFA、H2、);②240d,“”,COD41%;③,VFA,30d;④COD。H2,pH6.17.1,。4　,。,(HRT、、、、、、),(、、、)。,,,:,VFA(),pH,(CO2H2),。,。16℃,VFA,pH,。,,,,。,,。pH,。pH6.5～7.5,,pH。pH,VFA,。,。,,。,。,·16·现代化工265,。、、,(),,VFA,pH。[1]LeitaoRC.RobustnessofUASBreactorstreatingsewageundertropicalconditions[D].Wageningen:WageningenUniversity,2004.[2]vanLierJB,RintalaJ,SanzMartinJL,etal.Effectofshort-termtem-peratureincreaseontheperformanceofamesophilicUASBreactor[J].WaterScienceandTechnology,1990,22(9):183-190.[3]VisserA,GaoY,LettingaG.Effectsofshort-termtemperatureincreasesonthemesophilicanaerobicbreakdownofsulfatecontainingsyntheticwastewater[J].WaterResearch,1993,27(4):541-550.[4]RintalaJA,LepistoSS.Pilot-scalethermophilicanaerobictreatmentofwastewatersfromseasonalvegetableprocessingindustry[J].WaterSci-enceandTechnology,1997,36(2/3):279-285.[5]OmilF,BakkerCD,HulshoffPolLWH,etal.EffectofpHandlowtemperatureshocksonthecompetitionbetweensulphatereducingbacte-riaandmethaneproducingbacteriainUASBreactors[J].EnvironmentalTechnology,1997,18(3):255-264.[6]El-MashadHEMH.Solarthermophilicanaerobicreactor(STAR)forrenewableenergyproduction[D].Wageningen:WageningenUniversity,2003.[7]MahmoudN,ZeemanG,GijzenH,etal.Solidsremovalinupflowanaerobicreactors,areview[J].BioresourceTechnology,2003,90(1):1-9.[8]KellyCR,SwitzenbaumMS.Temperatureandnutrienteffectsontheanaerobicexpandedbedtreatingahighstrengthwaste1984:Proceedingoftheindustrialwasteconference[C].Boston:ButterworthPublishers,1984:591-601.[9]vanHaandelAC.InfluenceofthedigestedCODconcentrationonthealkalinityrequirementinanaerobicdigesters[J].WaterScienceandTechnology,1994,30(8):23-24.[10]vanHaandelAC,LettingaG.Anaerobicsewagetreatment:apracticalguideforregionswithahotclimate[M].Chichester:JohnWiley&Sons,1994.[11]BorjaR,BanksCJ.Responseofananaerobicfluidizedbedreactortreatingice-creamwastewatertoorganic,hydraulic,temperatureandpHshocks[J].JournalofBiotechnology,1995,39(3):251-259.[12]VisserA,GaoY,LettingaG.EffectsofpHonmethanogenesisandsul-phatereductioninthermophilic(55℃)UASBreactors[J].BioresourceTechnology,1993,44(2):113-121.[13]MolettaR,EscoffierY,EhlingerF,etal.On-lineautomaticcontrolsys-temformonitoringananaerobicfluidized-bedreactor:Responsetoor-ganicoverload[J].WaterScienceandTechnology,1994,30(12):11-20.[14]LettingaG,HulshoffPolLWH,ZeemanG.Biologicalwastewatertreat-mentPart1:Anaerobicwastewatertreatment[R].Wageningen:Wa-geningenUniversity,2000.[15]KatoMT.Theanaerobictreatmentoflowstrengthsolublewastewater[D].Wageningen:Wag