人教版新课标-高中英语book-5-unit-1-grammar过去分词作定语和表语课件(共14张P

过去分词作定语和表语Book5Unit1Grammar同学们，你们还记得在Book4Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour中有这样三个句子吗？1.Suchtrainingwascommoninactingfamilies...2.Hegrewmoreandmorepopularashischarmingcharacter...3.Theactingissoconvincingthat...以上三句中红色字体在句中分别作什么成分？[例句展示]仔细观察下列句子中的过去分词的用法。过去分词作定语1.Iboughtsomepaintedchairs.2.Weneededmuchmorequalifiedworkers.3.Mostofthepeopleinvitedtothepartydidn’tcome.4.Heisateacherlovedbyhisstudents.5.Thequestiondiscussedyesterdayhasbeensolved.=Thequestionwhich/thatwasdiscussedyesterdayhasbeensolved.[自我归纳]1.过去分词作定语时，表示的动作在_________之前发生，已经完成并具有_____意义（见句1）。此时，作定语的过去分词一般是由_____动词变来的，因为只有此类动词才有被动意义。1.Iboughtsomepaintedchairs.及物谓语动作被动2.单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词_____（见句1、句2）。__________作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，表示被动或完成，其作用相当于一个_________（见句3、句4、句5）。1.Iboughtsomepaintedchairs.2.Weneededmuchmorequalifiedworkers.3.Mostofthepeopleinvitedtothepartydidn’tcome.4.Heisateacherlovedbyhisstudents.5.Thequestiondiscussedyesterdayhasbeensolved.定语从句之前过去分词短语[拓展]1.不及物动词的过去分词也可作定语，一般作前置定语，不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。如：fallenleaves落叶；retiredworkers退休工人；therisensun升起的太阳。2.如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those或these等时，即使是单一的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词的后面。如：ThereisnothingchangedheresinceIleftthistown.3.过去分词短语有时还可用作非限制性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，前后用逗号分开。如：Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverseenatrain.过去分词与动词-ing形式作定语时的区别动词-ing形式作定语时与所修饰的名词之间是主动关系，表示动作正在进行；而过去分词作定语时，则表示被动或完成意义。如：MrSmith,tiredoftheboringspeech,startedtoreadanovel.Theprizeofthegameshowis$30,000andanallexpensespaidvacationtoChina.这次比赛表演的奖品是3万美元和到中国的免费假期[例句展示]仔细观察下列句子中的过去分词的用法。1.Thestreetislinedwithsmallshops.这条街旁林立着许多小店铺.2.Tomwasastonishedtoseehisfather.[自我归纳]过去分词作表语时，与谓语动词构成________结构，表示主语的性质、特征和_______。过去分词作表语系表状态[辨析]1.过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，主要表示主语的状态和特征，而被动语态则表示动作。如：Thecupwasbrokenbymylittlesisteryesterday.Thelibraryisnowclosed.2.过去分词作表语与动词-ing形式作表语的区别：过去分词作表语表示被动或完成，动词-ing形式作表语表示主动或进行。如：Shewasembarrassedbecauseshedidn’tknowtheanswer.Today’smeetingwasboring.3.有些动词如interest,worry,surprise,frighten等通常用其过去分词形式来说明人的情况，用动词-ing形式来说明物的情况。如：ThebookisinterestingandI’minterestedinit.1.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands______behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied2.Sheaskediftherewasanything_______fortonight.A.toplanB.plannedC.thatplansD.planning3.With______leaves______intheeartheveryyear,thesoilbecomesricherandricher.A.falling;buryingB.fallen;buriedC.fallen;buryingD.falling;buried4.—I’mvery______withthedishIcooked.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.—Mm.Itdoeshavea______smell.A.pleasant;pleasedB.pleased;pleasedC.pleasant;pleasantD.pleased;pleasant5.Ihavereadplentyofbooks______byLuXun.A.writtenB.wroteC.writesD.writing6.Hisnephew,______atseawhenhewasfifteen,hadbeenhisonlyrelative.A.losingB.losesC.lostD.beinglost7.Theyhadbeefand______forsupper.A.smokingfishB.fishsmokingC.fishtosmokeD.smokedfish