某城市5万吨污水处理厂工艺设计

内蒙古工业大学本科毕业设计说明书摘要随着我国国民经济的高速发展和改革开放的不断深入，城市生产力不断增大，与此同时，城市人口数也不断增加。城市速发展每天都会产生的大量污水，若不及时进行收集处理，将严重影响人们的正常的生活。而且我国又是一个严重缺水的国家，水资源分布不平衡，因此大规模建设污水处理厂，将污染物水平降低到符合国家排水的相关规定，有效防止河流被污染，有效的缓解我国水资源紧缺的现状十分重要。此次任务对北方某城市5.0万m3/d污水处理厂进行工艺设计，由水质分析可知，该城市污水水量大，污染物水平高。因此主体工艺选择UASB+氧化沟工艺，UASB工艺的优点是污泥床内生物量多，容积负荷率高，废水在反应器内的水力停留时间较短，适合处理污染物浓度高的水质。经UASB池处理后的污水，其污染物浓度降到一定水平，但还不能达标排放，在其后再加上氧化沟工艺，便可达到目标排放要求。氧化沟工艺流程简单、污泥产生量少、管理维护简单等，去除COD、BOD5等主要污染物效率极高，而且适合处理大规模水量。由于污水中动植物油浓度很高，因此在主体处理工艺前设计了隔油池和气浮池等。在二级处理工艺后又设了一个超级膜工艺，用于对部分污水作进一步处理。二级三级出水均达到目标要求。关键词：城市污水；UASB；DE氧化沟；深度处理；工艺设计内蒙古工业大学本科毕业设计说明书AbstractWiththedevelopmentofournationaleconomyandthedeepeningofthereformandopening，urbanproductivityisIncreasingconstantly,thepopulationisincreasingatthesametime.Largeamountsofsewagewillbeproducedeverydayinthecity,withoutcollectionandprocessingtimely,thissewagewillaffectpeople'snormallifeseriously.Chinaisalsoaseriouswatershortagecountry,andisunbalancedofwaterresources,sobuildinglarge-scalesewagetreatmentplantsforreducingthelevelofpollutantstomeettherelevantprovisionsofthenationaldrainage，PreventingtheriversbepollutedandeasingofcurrentsituationofChina'swatershortageeffectivelyisveryimportant.Itissuitableforhandlinglarge-scalewater.Themissionistodesignaprocessofsewagetreatmentplantforthenortherncityof50,000m3perday.Bytheanalysisofthewaterquality,wecanseethattheamountofurbansewageislargeandtheconcentrationofpollutantsishigh.SowechooseUASBandoxidationditchtobeourmainprocess.TheadvantageofUASBistheamountofbiomassinthesludgebedislarge,andtheburdenrateofvolumetricishigh,andthetimeofitsHRTisshort.Itissuitabledealwithhighconcentrationsofpollutants.AftertheprocessofUASB,theconcentrationsofpollutantsisreducedtoacertainlevel,butitisalsocannotmeetthedischargestandards.ThiscanbesolvedtoaddaoxidationditchaftertheUASB.Theoxidationditchischosenfortheprocessfissimple,theamountofsludgeproductionissmallanditiseasytomanage,TheremovalofCOD,BOD5andothermajorpollutantsisalsoextremelyhigh.Theoxidationditchissuitableforlargeamountofsewage.Wealsodesigngreasetrapsandflotationtanksbeforethemainprocessastheconcentrationofoilistoohigh.Theultrafiltrationsareusedforfurtherprocessingafterthesecondarytreatment.Thisprocessallcanachievetherequirements.Keywords:Urbansewage;UASB;DEoxidationditch;Depthofprocessing;Processdesign内蒙古工业大学本科毕业设计说明书1目录引言.................................................................1第一章设计任务及资料..................................................21.1设计任务........................................................21.2设计目的及意义..................................................21.3设计原则........................................................21.4设计资料........................................................21.5设计依据........................................................3第二章设计方案论证....................................................42.1厂址选择........................................................42.2污水厂处理流程的选择............................................42.2.1确定处理流程的原则........................................42.2.2污水处理流程的选择........................................42.2.3污水处理流程方案的介绍与比较..............................52.2.4污水处理流程方案的确定....................................6第三章一级处理工艺....................................................73.1设计污水水量....................................................73.2污水处理程度计算................................................73.2.1污水的COD处理程度计算....................................73.2.2污水的BOD5处理程度计算.....................................83.2.3污水的SS处理程度计算.....................................83.2.4污水的氨氮处理程度计算....................................83.2.5动植物油的处理程度计算....................................93.3格栅............................................................93.3.1格栅的设计................................................93.3.2设计参数.................................................103.3.3格栅的设计计算...........................................103.4提升泵站.......................................................133.4.1泵站设计的原则...........................................133.4.2泵房形式及工艺布置.......................................133.4.3泵房设计计算.............................................133.5沉砂池.........................................................14内蒙古工业大学本科毕业设计说明书23.5.1曝气沉砂池...............................................143.5.2设计参数.................................................143.5.3曝气沉砂池的设计计算.....................................153.5.4曝气沉砂池曝气计算.......................................173.6隔油池设计.....................................................183.6.1设计参数.................................................183.6.2设计计算.................................................183.7气浮池.........................................................213.7.1设计说明.................................................213.7.2设计参数.................................................223.7.3设计计算.................................................223.7.4上浮液渣排除设备.........................................24第四章污水二级处理设计计算...........................................254.1UASB设计......................................................254