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初中英现在完成时讲解-练习及答案2现在完成时一、考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】1.befamousfor和befamousasbefamousfor表示“因…而出名”,for后接表示出名的原因befamousas则表示“以…身份而著名”,as后接职业、身份或地位,表示作为…职业、身份或地位是著名的eg.Franceisfamousforitsfinefoodandwine.法国以其佳肴和美酒著名。Franceisfamousasaromanticcountry.法国作为一个浪漫的国家而出名。2.hard与hardlyhardadv.“努力地,费力地,辛苦地”,如:Heworkshard.他努力工作。hardadj.“努力的,辛苦的”,如:It'sahardwork.这是一项辛苦的工作。hardly否定副词,意思为“几乎不”,表示否定含义,如:Heworkshardly.他几乎不工作。3【固定搭配】加-ingbegoodatdoingsth擅长做某事eg:Heisgoodatplayingthepiano.minddoingsth介意做某事eg:Doyoumindmyopeningthedoor?practicedoingsth练习做某事eg:Mysisterpracticesplayingthepianoeveryday.stopdoingsth停止做某事eg:Theteacheriscoming,pleasestoptalking.What/Howaboutdoingsth.做某事怎样eg:Whataboutgoingtotheparkthisweekend?【现在完成时】A.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。【常用时间状语】recently,lately,since+时间点,for+数字+时间名词,inthepastfewmonths/years等【构成】肯定形式:have/has+done否定形式:have/has+not+done一般疑问句:have或has放于句首B.现在完成时的用法1)现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成,而对现在有影响。eg.Thecarhasarrived.车子来了。(结果:车子已在门口)4Someonehasbrokenthewindow.有人把窗户打破了。(结果:窗户仍破着)区别:havebeento,havegoneto,havebeeninhavebeento,表示去过某个地方,不过现在已经回来了havegoneto表示去了,但还没有回来,也许是在去的途中havebeenin指的是在某个地方,从过去一直延续到现在例如:你以前去过北京么?例如:A:IsMr.Wangathome?B:No,heisnotin,(他去香港了)2)现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去,持续到现在,也许还会持续下去。常用for和since表示一段时间的状语或sofar,now,today,thisweek(month,year)等表示包括现在时间在内的状语。eg.HehasstudiedEnglishfor5years.HehasstudiedEnglishsince2001.NowIhavefinishedthework.5注意:表示短暂时间动作的词,如:come,go,die,marry,buy等的完成时不能与for,since等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作,如live,study,be,wait等,常和since(自从)或for(经历)引导的词语连用。如:Ihavelivedhereformorethanthirtyyears.我已在此住了30多年。由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换:arrive→beherebegin(start)→beondie→bedeadcomeback→bebackleave→beawayfallill(sick,asleep)→beill(sick,asleep)getup→beupgoout→beoutfinish→beoverputon→wear或beonopen→beopenjoin→bein或beamemberof…close→beclosedgotoschool→beastudentborrow→keepbuy→havecatch(acold)→have(acold)gettoknow→knowbegintostudy→studycometowork→work二、典型例题()1.Whenhearrivedatthebusstop,thebus_____for20minutes.A.hasleftB.hadleftC.hasbeenawayD.hadbeenaway()2.I______theLeaguefor5yearssofar.A.joinedB.havejoinedC.havebeenin()3.Thefactory____sincetheFebruaryof1988.A.hasbeenopenB.hasopenedC.wasopenD.opened()4.MaryandRose____friendssincetheymetin2000.A.havemadeB.havebeenC.madeD.havebecome6()5.Youmustn't_____untilhecomesback.A.beawayB.leaveC.beleft()6.Themeeting_____foraweeknow.A.hasfinishedB.hasendedC.hasbeenover()7.MissGao______thisschoolfornearly5years.A.hasbeeninB.hascometoC.hastaught()8.Ben______ateacherfor4years.A.hasbeenB.hasbecomeC.wasD.became()9.I______homeforaweek.A.havereturnedB.havebeenbackC.returned()10.Howlong_______he________?A.diedB.has,diedC.has,beendead()11.He______ateightyesterdayafternoon.A.sleptB.wassleepingC.hassleepD.hadslept()12.He________thecarforaweek.A.boughtB.hasboughtC.hashad()13.---Howlong_____you_____ill?---Twoweeks.A.didfallB.have,fellC.have,been()14.Since2000,he_____hishometown.A.hasleftB.hasmovedawayC.hasbeenawayfrom()15.I'lllendyouthebook,butyoucanonly_____itfor2days.A.borrowB.keepC.take三、课后练习[单项选择]()1、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey______what'shappenedtohim.A.knewB.haveknownC.mustknow7D.willknow()2、Hehas_______beentoShanghai,hashe?A.alreadyB.neverC.everD.still()3、HaveyoumetMrLi______?A.justB.agoC.beforeD.amomentago()4、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyear.A.iswritingB.waswritingC.wroteD.haswritten()5、—Ourcountry______alotsofar.—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.A.haschanged;wellB.changed;goodC.haschanged;betterD.changed;better()6、ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;studying()7、We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.A.knowB.hadknownC.haveknownD.knew()8、HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I______ittwice.A.willseeB.haveseenC.sawD.see()9、—ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.—Really?When_____there?A.willtheygoB.didtheygoC.dotheygoD.havetheygone()10、—______you___yourhomeworkyet?—Yes.I_____itamomentago.A.Did;do;finishedB.Have;done;finishedC.Have;done;havefinishedD.will;do;finish()11、Hisfather______theclubsince1988.A.joinedB.hasjoinedC.wasinD.hasbeenin()12、—Doyouknowherwell?8—Sure.We_________friendssincetenyearsago.A.wereB.havebeenC.havebecomeD.havemade()13、—Howlonghaveyou____here?—Aboutsevenyears.A.beenB.goneC.comeD.arrived()14、Hurryup!Theprogram__________forfiveminutes.A.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.began()15、It_____tenyearssincehecameChengdu.A.isB.hasC.willD.was()16、MissGreenisn'tintheoffice.She_______tothelibrary.A.hasgoneB.wentC.willgoD.hasbeen()17、Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.A.havebeeninB.havebeentoC.havegonetoD.havebeen()18、He________for2hours.A.gotupB.hasgotupC.hasbeenup()19、Tomisillinhospital.He______acoldforseveraldays.A.isB.catchesC.hascaughtD.hashad()20、Hisgrandparents______formorethan9years.A.hascomehereB.hasstartedtoworkC.haslivedthereD.haslefttheuniversity[汉译英]1、吉姆已做完作业,他现在有空了。2、他昨天收到一封信。3、我父亲以前到过长城。4、她还没有看过那部新电影。95、她去过上海。1、现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,或过去发生的动作还未结束,一直持续到现在或将来,重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大,往往无时间状语,需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理,正确答案是B。2、现在完成时常与already(已经),just(刚刚,正好),ever(曾经),never(从来,也不;从不),before(以前),yet(仍然)等
本文标题:初中英现在完成时讲解-练习及答案
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