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–ed形容词和–ing形容词的用法区别一、传统的观点许多参考书认为:-ing形容词与表示事物的名词连用,-ed形容词与表示人的名词连用。此说法在很多情况下是可行的,但表述欠准确,在许多情况下却是不可靠的。如:-ing形容词用于人的情况就比比皆是:假若你的老师说话幽默、讲课生动,那么不仅他的课非常interesting,而且你会说他是一个interestingman(有趣的人)。比较:I’minterestedininterestingpeople.我对有趣的人感兴趣。Hewasworriedabouthisworryingson.他为他令人担忧的儿子感到担忧。Hewasannoyedwiththeannoyingperson.他对这个讨厌的人很生气。另一方面,-ed形容词用于指物的情况也不少见。比较并体会:afrightenedlook害怕的表情(指带有这种“表情”的人感到害怕)afrighteninglook吓人的表情(指这种“表情”令人害怕)anexcitedtalk心情激动的谈话(指“谈话”的人心情激动)anexcitingtalk令人激动的谈话(指听“谈话”的人心情激动)由于传统的观点说得太绝对,有时做起题来还可能会因此掉入命题人的陷阱,请看下面一题:_____doyouthinkofyourEnglishteacher?Ishe_______?A.What,interestingB.What,interestedC.How,interestingD.How,interested此题考查两方面的知识点:一是考查whatdoyouthinkof…与howdoyoulike…的用法区别(两者搭配不同,但意思相同);二是考查interesting与interested的用法区别。若套用以上关于-ing形容词与-ed形容词的区别,则可能将答案锁定为D。但是错了,此题的最佳答案应是A。二、正确的观点关于-ing形容词与-ed形容词的区别,比较准确的表述应该是:1.以后缀–ed结尾的形容词(如ashamed,delighted,excited,frightened,interested,moved,pleased,surprised,worried等)通常用于说明人,不用于说明事物,即使它们所修饰的名词是事物,那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人。如:Hehadapleasedsmileonhisface.他脸上露出了满意的微笑。Hetoldmethenewsinaveryexcitedvoice.他声音很激动地告诉了我这个消息。第一句中的apleasedsmile意为“满意的微笑”,它指的是某人因感到满意发出的微笑;第二句中的averyexcitedvoice指的是“很激动的声音”,即指的是某人因很激动而发生那样的声音。原则上,-ed形容词通常直接用于说明人,若修饰事物,则多为air(神态),appearance(外貌),cry(哭声),face(表情),voice(声音),mood(情绪)'TimesNewRoman'),mood(等显示某人的情感状况的名词。2.以后缀-ing结尾的形容词(如delighting,exciting,frightening,interesting,moving,surprising,worrying等)主要用于说明事物,表示事物的性质或特征,若用它们说明人,则表示此人具有此性质或特征。如:Thestoryisveryinteresting.这个故事很有趣。Themanisveryinteresting.这个人很有趣。请再比较并体会以下句子:Heisfrightened.他很害怕。Heisfrightening.他很吓人。Hehasafrightenedlookonhisface.他脸上带有惊恐的神情。Hehasafrighteninglookonhisface.他脸上带有吓人的神情。Ireadaninterestedexpressiononhisface.我看到他脸上露出一种感兴趣的表情。Ireadaninterestingexpressiononhisface.我看到他脸上露出一种有趣的表情。三、学练结合请做做以下试题,看你是否能克服原来的思维定势,能否跳出命题人的陷阱:1.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents_____.A.worriedB.toworriedC.worryingD.worry2.Thelittleboyisn’tgettingonwellinmathsandworsestill,heisevenunwillingtogotoschool.Withherson_____,shefeelsvery______.A.disappointing;worryingB.disappointing;worriedC.disappointed;worriedD.disappointed;worrying3.AftertheAnti-terroristWar,theAmericansoldiersreturnedhome,______.A.safebuttiredB.safelybuttiredC.safeandtiringD.safelyandtiring4.Asweallknow,typingisa______jobtoa______heart.A.tired;tiredB.tired;tiringC.tiring;tiredD.tiring;tiring5.Poorboy!His________looksand________handssuggestedhewasveryafraid.A.frightful;tremblingB.frightened;tremblingC.frightening;trembledD.frightened;trembly答案与解析:1.选A。句中的thatpunish…thelaw是定语从句。句意是:因为他们小孩的违法行为而惩罚其父母,这样的法律使得做父母的感到忧虑。表示人“感到忧虑的”用由过去分词转换而来的形容词。2.选B。句意是:由于她的儿子令人失望,她感到非常烦恼。表示“令人……的”用-ing形容词;表示“感到……的”用-ed形容词。3.选A。此题一方面考查形容词作状语(。此题一方面考查形容词作状语(当形容词用作状语时,表示意义上的增补,和句子主语在逻辑上有主谓关系),另一方面考查形容词tiring与tired的用法区别,此处填tired表示“人感到疲惫的”,即选A。。4.选C。第一空填tiring,表示“使人劳累的”;第二空填tired,表示“感到劳累的”。5.选B。第一空填frightened,其意为“感到害怕的”;第二空填trembling表示动作的进行。也就是说,frightened说明主语因……而产生的情绪反应,从而影响到人的身体部位……trembling。ed形式及常见短语与ing形式形容词归纳excited(be~dabout)/excitingsurprised(be~dat)//surprisingamazed(be~dat)//amazingembarrassed(be~edin)//embarrassingencouraged(be~edat/by)/encouragingfrustrated(be~dof)/frustratinginterested(be~edin)/interestingthrilled(be~edat)/thrillingterrified(beterrifiedat/of/with)/terrifyingpleased(be~dwith)/pleasing,=pleasantsatisfied(besatisfiedwith)/satisfyingfrightened(be~edat/of)/frighteningtired(be~dof)/tiringbored(be~dwith)/boringrelaxed(无固定搭配)/relaxingfascinated(be~dby)/fascinatingannoyed(be~edwith)/annoyingmoved(be~dby)/movingworried(beworriedabout)/worryingconfused(beconfusedabout)/confusing练习:一用括号内所给动词的-ed形式或-ing形式填空1.Thechildrenwere____afterthetrip.(tire)2.Thetripwas____.(tire)3.The____childrenwenttobedearlyafterthetrip.(tire)4.The____triplastedawholeday.(tire)5.Thetripmadethechildren____.(tire)6.Thebadweathermadethetrip____.(tire)7.Tom’sparentsare____athis____resultsoftheexams.(disappoint)8.____andangry,heleftthemeeting-room.(disappoint)9.Itis____thathedidn’tpasstheexamination.(disappoint)10.Whenhearingthe____newsthatMichaelJacksonpassedaway,theywere____tolookateachother.(surprise)11.Hewas____abouthis____son.(worry)12.I'mnot____withhisinterpretationofthissentence.(satisfy)13.Hewas____withthe____person.(annoy)14.Apolicecarappearedontheroad,thethiefhada____lookonhisface.(frighten)15.Thesituationhereis____andweare____.(encourage)答案:1.tired2.tiring3.tired4.tiring5.tired6.tiring7.disappointed,disappointing)8.Disappointed9.disappointing10.surprising;surprised11.worried;worrying12.satisfied13.annoyed;annoying14.frightened15.encouraging;encouraged二巩固练习:1.Thewetweatherwillcontinuetomorrowwhenacoldfront______toarrive.(2008?全国卷I)A.isexpectedB.isexpectingC.expectsD.willbeexpected2.—DoyouknowifTerrywillgocampingthisweekend?(2008?上海高考)—Terry?Never!He_____tentsandfreshair!A.hashatedB.hatedC.willhateD.hates3.Bythetimeherealizeshe____intoatrap,it’llbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.(2008?山东高考)A.walksB.walkedC.haswalkedD.hadwalked4.Sofarthisyearwe______afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.(2008?福建高考)A.sawB.seeC.hadseenD.have
本文标题:ed形容词和ing形容词辨析和练习
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