高中英语倒装句讲解

1Module3LiteraturePeriod3Grammar1(3.262课时)一．学习内容1.学习倒装句，并能熟练运用。二．学习方法提前预习课本，预习新语法点知识点。语法：倒装句一、简介1.定义：英语句子的自然语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。有时为了语法结构的需要或是为了强调，若把谓语动词放在主语之前，主谓倒装，则构成倒装句。2、分类：①完全倒装：如果全部谓语放在主语之前，叫完全倒装。Eg.Thereisabookonthetable.②部分倒装：如果只把助动词,情态动词或系动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。eg.OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.二、讲解1.完全倒装通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时，且主语是名词①Therebe句型：Therebe句型中（be还可以换成live，stand,lie,exist等表示状态的动词）要用完全倒装。eg.Therestandsatalltreeonthetopofthehill.②以here,there开头的句子里，谓语是come，go等不及物动词的单个形式时。eg.Theregoesthebell.Herearethebooks.等方向性副词开头的句子，需完全倒装。③副词out,in,up,down,off,away,below,back以及now,then，thus开头的句子里，谓语动词是come,go,be,run等不及物动词的单个形式时。eg.Awayhurriedtheboy.Nowcomesyourturn.Upitflew.Thedooropenedandincameourheadmaster.④表地点的介词短语位于句首(如：intheroom,onthewall等)，谓语是be,stand,sit,lie等单个动词时，需完全倒装eg.InalecturehallofauniversityinEnglandsitsaprofessor.Aroundthelakearesometalltree.Attheendofthevalleyliesasmalllake.Underthetablesleepsabrowncat.⑤形容词、过去分词或介词短语作表语置于句首时，表语+系动词+主语（如：such），需完全倒装。eg.SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplemanandthe20thcentury'sgreatestscientist.Gonearethedayswhenweenjoyedthehappytimeinthewood.Seatedonthegroundareagroupofyoungpeople.注意：在表语置于句首的倒装结构中，要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。2.部分倒装①so用于肯定句，通常指前面所说的肯定情况也适合于其他人（或物）。其结构为：So+be(do,have等其他助动词或情态动词)+主语。译成汉语表示“也一样”，需倒装。eg.Tomwillgotherenextsummer,andsowillI.HecanspeakFrench.SocanI.②nor,neither用于否定句，通常指前面所说的否定情况也适合于其他人（或物）。其结构为：Nor/Neither+be(do,have等其他助动词或情态动词)+主语。译成汉语表示“也不…”，需倒装。eg.Hedidn’tseethefilm,neitherdidshe.Idon’tenjoysinging,nordidIlikecomputergames.Sheisnotintomusic,noramI.③Only修饰状语（副词、介词短语）或状语从句，且放在句首时eg.OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.OnlywhenIgottheredidIknowthetruth.Onlyinthemorningcanyoumeethim.OnlyhimdidIseeyesterday.注意1.在部分倒装句中，如果谓语部分无情态动词，则须找助动词。eg.Onlyafterthewardidhelearnthesadnews.22.“only+状语从句”位于句首时，主句倒装，从句不倒装。eg.Onlywhenhereturneddidwefindoutthetruth.3.only修饰主语时，句子不可倒装eg.Onlyhecananswerthequestion.③否定意义的词或短语，位于句首，需部分倒装。如否定词no,not,never,nor；半否定词hardly,seldom,scarcely,barely,rarely,little,few；合成的代词或副词nobody,nothing,nowhere；否定的短语atnotime,(决不，任何时候都不)notuntil,bynomeans（决不），innoway（决不），innotime（立刻，马上），under/innocircumstances(在任何情况下都不)。eg.Noworddidhesaybeforeheleft.Nowherewillyoufindbetterrosesthantheses.Notuntilhewentabroaddidheknowthetruth.Bynomeansshallwegiveup.LittledidIknowaboutit.④在含有were,had,should的if虚拟条件句中，省略if，将were,had,should移到句首，需部分倒装。eg.HadIhadanymoneywithme,Icouldhavelentyousome.----IfIhadanymoneywithme,Icouldlendyousome.WereJackhere,theywouldbeabletosolvetheproblem.----IfJackwerehere,theywouldbeabletosolvetheproblem.Shouldhefailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.----Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.⑤notonly(merely,alone,simply)…(but)also连接两个并列分句，前一分句需倒装。译为：“不仅……而且……”Notonlydidweloseourmoney,butwealsocameclosetolosingourlives.Notsimplyisthisbookinterestingbutalsoinstructive.注意：NotonlyyoubutalsoI（连接并列主语不倒装）willattendthemeeting.⑥neither…nor连接两个并列分句，前后两个分句都倒装。译为：“……不……，……也不……”eg.Neitherdidtheywritenordidtheytelephone.Neitherishewrongnorareyou.NeithercouldIhelpyou,norcouldhe.注意：NeitheryounorI（连接并列主语不倒装）likethisbook.⑦so…that…和such…that…引导状语从句，当so或such提到句首时，主句需用倒装语序。译为：“如此……以至于……”so后面句子要倒装，that后面句子不倒装eg.Sointerestingisthatstorythateveryonewantstoreadit..Sogoodagirlisshethatwealllikeher.Suchagoodgirlisshethatwealllikeher⑧Notuntil...“直到……才……”位于句首，也可写成not...until...,如果为此句型，until后面的从句不可倒装eg.Notuntilhereturneddidwehavesupper.⑨as/though当“虽然，即使”讲，引导让步状语从句时，从句要用倒装语序。其结构为：名词形容词+as+主语+动词（或情态动词）副词动词原形eg.Oldas/thoughheis,heworkslikeayoungman.MuchasIadmireher,Ican’tforgiveherfaults.Tryagainas/thoughhewill,hecan’tsucceed.Intheclassroomas/thoughhestays,hedoesn’treadhistexts.注意：Childas/thoughheis,heknowsmuchaboutthesociety.（表语是单数可数名词，倒装时省略名词前的a/an）练习1.Foramomentnothinghappened.Thenallshoutingtogether.A.voiceshadcomeB.camevoicesC.voiceswouldcomeD.didvoicescome2.Thecomputerwasusedinteaching.Asaresult,notonly_________,butstudentsbecamemoreinterestedinthelessons.A.savedwasteachers’energyB.wasteachers’energysavedC.teachers’energywassavedD.wassavedteachers’energy3.Sosudden________thattheenemyhadnotimetoescape.A.didtheattackB.theattackdidC.wastheattackD.theattackwas4.Little____aboutherownsafety,thoughshewasingreatdangerherself.A.didRosecareB.RosedidcareC.RosedoescareD.doesRosecare3Module3Literature课后巩固练习(4.91课时)5.NotuntilIcamehomelastnight________tobed.A.MumdidgoB.didMumgoC.wentMumD.Mumwent6.Unsatisfied_________withthepayment,hetookthejobjusttogetsomeworkexperience.A.thoughwasheB.thoughhewasC.hewasthoughD.washethough7.Itwasannouncedthatonlywhenthefirewasundercontrol________toreturntotheirhomes.A.theresidentswouldbepermittedB.hadtheresidentsbeenpermittedC.wouldtheresidentsbepermittedD.theresidentshadbeenpermitted8.OnlywhenIleftmyparentsforItaly_______howmuchIlovedthem.A.IrealizedB.IhadrealizedC.hadIrealizedD.didIrealize9.Billwasn’thappyaboutthedelayofthereportbyJason，and______.A.IwasneitherB.neitherwasIC.IwaseitherD.eitherwasI10.—Howwastheteleviseddebatelastnight?—Super!Rarely_________somuchmediaattention.A.adebateattractedB.didadebateattractC.adebat