初一预科班英语讲义1

初一预科班英语讲义(一)导言1、明确学习目标：（五级的目标）a.语音：日常会话中做到语音、语调正确、自然、流畅，能根据读音拼写单词b.词汇：学会使用1500~1600个单词和200~300个短语或固定搭配c.语法：强调语法的功能而不是语法形式d.功能：即交际功能2、掌握正确的学习方法、培养良好的学习习惯兴趣是最好的老师，兴趣是产生学习的动力；专心听讲，积极发言，做好笔记；课后仔细听录音，认真模仿，补充适当的口笔头练习；不耻下问，及时总结；诵读、熟读少不了，在北京四中，一所每年向清华、北大输送１００多名学生的名牌中学，他们的老师要求学生在高中３年将《新概念英语》第二册的所有文章背诵下来。３年下来，他们的学生不仅英文成绩好，写出来的英文短文还十分地道；扩大阅读量，从而使课外知识成为课内知识的有益补充；养成猜测词义的习惯；动眼还要动手，做好课外阅读笔记，坚持做一些摘要、札记，记录一些优美词句；掌握记单词的方法：①按开、闭音节记忆：bag-cake②按字母组合记忆：beef,elephant,picture③分音节记忆：information，basketball④音、形、义结合法记忆：sometimes,sometime,sometimes和sometime⑤归类记忆：服装类coat,shirt,skirt,sweater,食品类cake,rice,dumpling,noodle⑥构词联想记忆：care→careful→carefully→careless,like→dislike→unlike→alikemoonlight,brunch,⑦对比联想记忆：big→small,right→write⑧搭配联想记忆：如含有get的短语有：getreadyfor，getup，getonwith，getdown，getdressed，getback，goton，getoff，getto，getoutof,getlostB.语音入门前元音中元音后元音C.书写习惯D.听音练习E.流行口语1.Whoknows!2.That’sadeal!3.Howcome？=Why?4.Gotit?=Understand?5.Don’tpushme.6.Comeon!7.Enjoyyourself.8.Hehasgonebananas.9.Woodhead!10.Stillup？F.经典对话1)--Hello,Helen.--Hi,Steven.--Howareyoutoday?--I’mverywell,thankyou.Andyou?--I’mfine,thanks.--HowisTony?--He’sfine,thanks.--HowisEmma?--She’sverywell,too,Helen.Goodbye,Helen.Nicetoseeyou.--Nicetoseeyou,too,Steven.Goodbye.2)--Hi.MynameisMikeParker.--I’mJenniferGreen.--It’snicetomeetyou,Jennifer.--Nicetomeetyou,too.--I’msorry.What’syourlastnameagain?--It’sGreen.G.语法常识①一般是直接加-s,如:pen,chair规则变化②以s,x,sh,ch,辅音加o结尾的名词加-es,如:bus，box,fish，watch，tomato名词的数③以辅音字母y结尾的名词变y为i,加-es,如:baby,city④以f或fe结尾的名词变f或fe为v,加-es,如:knife,life①元音发生变化,如:man,foot不规则变化②词尾发生变化,如:child③词形不变,如:Chinese,sheep动词单三形式词尾加-s/-es的发音①一般情况下,在词尾加-s,清辅音后读/s/;浊辅音和元音后读/z/;在t后面读/ts/;在d后面读/dz/。cup-cups/k۸ps/bag-bags/bægz/boy-boys/bכiz/cat-cats/kæts/beds-beds/bedz/②以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词加-es,增读/iz/。bus-buses/`b۸siz/box-boxes/`bכksiz/fish-fishes/`fi∫iz/watch-watches/`wכt∫iz/，③以辅音字母加o结尾的名词加-es,增读/z/。如：tomato-tomatoes/t∂`ma:t∂uz/④以辅音字母y结尾的名词变y为i,加-es,增读/z/。如：baby-babies/`beibiz/⑤以f或fe结尾的名词变f或fe为v,加-es,读/vz/。如：leaf-leaves/li:vz/H.趣味阅读Australiahasalotoflovelyanimals.Themostfamousonesarekangaroosandkoalas.ThekangarooisthesymbolofAustralia.Theyhavelargeeyesandears.Theydon’twalk,buttheyjump.Theyusetheirstrongbacklegs.Theycanjumpatupto74kilometersperhour.Theycangooverninemetersinonejump!Kangaroomothershavepouches(育儿袋)tocarrytheirbabies.Thebabiesstayinsidetogetmilkandkeepwarm.KangaroosareeverywhereinAustralia.TheyareonTV,inbooksandintheshops.Thegovernmentevenwantstoputthemonpassports(护照).Thereareabout20to25millionkangaroosinAustralia.That’smorethanthenumberofpeopleinthecountry!Somekangaroosgohungrybecausethereisnotenoughtoeat.Theybreakintofarmsforfood.Farmersareveryangrywiththem.Tohelpthefarmers,theAustralianGovernmentkillssomekangarooseachyear.ThekoalaisanotherfamousAustraliananimal.Theylooklikebears,andhavesmalleyesandbignoses.Theyeatleavesfromgumtrees,wheretheyspendmostoftheirtime.Koalashaveaspecialsmell.Theyuseittomark(标识)theirhome–“thisismyplace,youcan’tcomein!”Likekangaroos,akoalababylivesinitsmother’spouch.Butkoalashavefewerplacestolive.Thereareabout100,000koalasinAustralia.Thereisalawtokeepthemsafe.根据文章所提供的袋鼠和考拉的生活状况，用简洁的句子完成下列表格：KangaroosKoalasLooks1.__________________2._____________________FoodNotenoughtoeat3._____________________Numbers4.__________________5._____________________LifeSomekangaroosarekilled.6._____________________I.英文歌曲One,two,bucklemyshoe,Three,four,openthedoor,Five,six,pickupsticks,Seven,eight,laythemstraight,Nine,ten,beginagain.