2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习-知识排查突破-book8-unit1-a-land-of-di

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习知识排查突破book8unit1alandofdiversity新人教版重点识记词汇1.takein包括；吸收2.backtoback背靠背3．occurvi.发生；出现4.liveon继续存在；继续生存5．applyfor申请；请示得到6.hirevt.&n．租用；雇用7．agreat/goodmany许多；很多8.nowhereadv.无处；到处都无9．applicantn．申请人10.percentagen．百分比；百分率11．keepup坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)12.makealife习惯于新的生活方式、工作等13．authorityn．权威；权力；(pl)当局；官方14.slipvi.滑动；滑行；滑跤n．滑动；滑倒15．thoughtfuladj.关切的；体贴的；深思的16.teamupwith与……合作或一起工作17．markout用线画出范围；标出……界线18.graspvt.&n．抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会19．reformvt.&vi.改革；革新n．改革；改造；改良20.thankfuladj.感激的；感谢的→thankn．&v．感谢21．racialadj.人种的；种族的→racen．种族22.adventurern．冒险家→adventurev．&n．冒险23．punishmentn．处罚；惩罚→punishvt.惩罚24.justicen．正义；公平→justadj.公平的；公正的25．customsn．海关；关税；进口税→customern．顾客26．electvt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人→electionn．选举27．boomn．(人口、贸易的)繁荣vi.处于经济迅速发展时期28．meansn．手段；方法→bymeansof...用……办法；借助……29．majorityn．大多数；大半→minorityn．(反义词)少数派；少数民族30．distinctadj.清晰的；明显的；明确的→distinctionn．差别；区分；卓著31．immigratevi.移入(外国定居)→immigrationn．移民；移居入境32．crossingn．横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道→crossvi.横过33．apparentadj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的→apparentlyadv.显然地；显而易见地34．socialistn．社会主义者；社会党人adj.社会主义者的→socialismn．社会主义→socialadj.社会的；社交的35．indicatevt.指出；指示；表明；暗示→indicatorn．指示者；指示器→indicationn．指示；指标36．fascinatingadj.迷人的；吸引人的→fascinatedadj.着迷的；被深深吸引的→fascinatevi.入迷vt.使着迷，使神魂颠倒→fascinationn．魅力；魔力；入迷必背经典句式1.However，itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.然而，土著美国人有可能在一万五千年前就在加州生活着。2．Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.这就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。3．Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups，butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.人们相信过不了多久国籍间相混的程度将如此大以至于不再有明显的种族或文化团体，而仅仅是一个许多种族和文化的混合体。4．BythetimeCaliforniaelectedtobeethethirty­firstfederalstateoftheUSAin1850，itwasalreadyamulticulturalsociety.到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第三十一个联邦州的时候，它已经是一个有着多元文化的社会了。构词记忆­ialmercial/kə′mɜːʃəl/adj.商业的；营利性的financial/faI′nænʃl/adj.财政的；金融的potential/pə′tenʃl/adj.可能的；潜在的racial/′reIʃl/adj.种族的；人种的A．语境填词1．Theteacheraskedustoreadthetextcarefullysoastograsp(掌握)itsmainidea.2．Increasingnumbersofpeopleelect(选择)toworkathomenowadays.3．Shehadlookedeverywhereforherchildren，buttheywerenowhere(无处)tobefound，whichmadeherveryworried.4．Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeans(方法)ofpreventingdisease.5．Itoccurred(产生想法)tomethatIhadleftthedoorunlocked.6．There’sacampingshopintownthathastentsforhire(租用)at10aweek.7．Theeconomyisbeginningtoboom(繁荣)inChina.8．Sheisseeingherbaggagethroughcustoms(海关)attheairport.9．Thegovernmentisproposingtougherpunishment(惩罚)forcorruption.10．Thedictionaryisanauthority(权威)onthemeaningsofwords.B．用所给词的适当形式填空11．Apparently，shetooknonoticeoftheapparentmistakesintheaccident.(apparent)12．AlltheapplicantscanapplyinpersonorbyletterandatthesametimeshouldhandintheirapplicationsbeforeMay5th.(apply)13．ItisbadnewsfortheimmigrantsthattheUKmadenewlawstorestrictimmigration.ThosewhowanttoimmigratetotheUKmustfulfillmorerequirement.(immigrate)14．Hehadalwaysbeenagainstracialdiscrimination(歧视)，butinhiscountrythewhiteraceandBlacksdidn’thavetheequalrightsandracismremainedatouchyissue.(race)15．HeindicatedthatIshouldgivehimsomeindicationsofhowIdidinthetest.(indicate)16．Mr.Liuisasupporterofsocialism；heistotallyasocialist.(social)Ⅱ.短语运用A．用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空liveon，makealife，keepup，mix...with...，teamupwith，markout，takein，applyfor，declarewaron，occurto17．Theproblemishowtheymadealifeinthelastfewyears.18．Don’tbetakeninbyproductspromisingtomakeyouloseweightquickly.19．Morestudentsareapplyingforaid，andmorefamiliesexpecttogetstudentloans.20．Avolleyballcourthadbeenmarkedoutonthegrass.21．Theyteamedupwithanotherfamilytorentahouseforthelastsummer.22．We’rehavingdifficultykeepingupourmortgagepayments.23．Sheisvegetarian，soshelivesonvegetableandfruit.24．Itdidn’toccurtohimthattheNetherlandswonthechampionintheWorldCup.25．Wehavedeclaredwaronstudents’cheatingonexams.26．Idon’tliketomixbusinesswithpleasure.B．用方框内所给短语填空inaddition，agreatmany，bymeansof，amajorityof，backtoback27．Hehasextractedagreatmanyexamplesfromthegrammarbook.28．Heenteredtheroombymeansofthetreenearthewindow.29．Standbacktobackandwe’llseewhichofyouistaller.30．Amajorityofdoctorsagreethatsmokingisextremelyharmfultohealth.31．Inaddition，dailytravelallowanceis50each.Ⅲ.经典句式32．Tomwasill.Thatwaswhyhecamelateforthemeeting.汤姆病了，那就是他开会迟到的原因。33．Itismostlikelythattheenvironmentalistswilletotheareatoinvestigatethepossibledamagecausedbytheseriouspollution.环境保护者很有可能会到这个地区调查严重污染所造成的潜在的破坏。34．Bythetimehegraduatedfromprimaryschool，hehadlearned1,000wordsorso.到他小学毕业时为止，他已经学会了大约1000个单词。35．ItisbelievedthatProfessorJohnsonhasfinishedhissecondnovel.人们相信约翰逊教授已完成了他的第二部小说。1meansn.方式；方法way；财富wealth；收入[应试指导](1)bynomeans位于句首时倒装(2)byallmeans交际用语的用法bymeansof用……办法；借助……byallmeans当然可以byanymeans无论如何bynomeans绝不，一点也不—CanIseeit?—Byallmeans.——我可以看看吗？——当然可以。[特别提醒](1)means作主语且有every，each，one等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some，several，many，few等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。(2)bynomeans放在句首时，句子用部分倒装。[夯实基础](1)选择方框内的短语填空bymeansof，bynomeans，byallmeans①Hesucceededbymeansofperseverance.②—MayIborrowyourbicycle?—Byallmeans.③Sheisbynomeansaninexperie