初中英语语法复习——现在完成时课件(共34张PPT)

现在完成时1.用法2.基本结构3.基本句型变化（一般疑问句，否定句，特殊疑问句）4.关键词Heisfullnow.Hehashadabigbreakfast.用法1.过去某一时间点发生的动作对现在产生影响。一.用法：现在完成时主要表示现在与过去的关系。过去现在将来I'vealreadyreadthatbook.我已经读过那本书。You'retoolate；thetrainhasjustleft.你来得太完了，火车刚开走。表示过去动作的结果，现在仍残留着；也可不用时间状语：Ithasjustsnowed.刚刚下过雪。（地上有积雪）Ihavelostmywatch.我把手表丢了。（现在仍未找到）Theconcerthasstarted.Wehavetolookforourseatsinthedark.音乐会已经开始了，我们得在黑暗中找座位。Thepresident'ssuddendeathhasleftthecountryleaderless.总统突然去世，使该国处于无领袖状态。A:______yourbrother______hishomeworkyet?(finish)B:Yes,he‘salreadydoneit.KeywordsHasfinishedyetalready注意：already用于肯定句“已经”，yet用于疑问句和否定句中“已经，尚，还”。A:_______youever_______tothepark?(be)B:No,never.KeywordsHavebeenyetalreadyevernever注意：ever“曾经”用于疑问句中never“从不”带有否定意义I______just________thedesk,youcantakeittoyourclassroom.(mend)KeywordshavemendedyeteverneverjustalreadyJust刚刚与现在完成时连用一般置句中Justnow刚才与一般过去时连用IhavelearnedEnglishfortenyearsIhavelearnedEnglishsince2011.用法2.过去某一时间点发生的动作持续到现在或还将持续下去。Tom___________inthefactorysinceheleftschooltenyearsago.(work)Keywordshasworkedsincesince后面带过去时间或有一般过去时的句子sinceforHehasbeenbusysincelastweek.自上个星期以来他一直很忙。Keywordssincesince后面+时间点sinceforKeywordsHehastaughtinourschool30yearsago..他在我们学校教书已有30年了。sincesince+时间段+agosinceforWe_______only____________100treessofar.(answer)Keywordshaveplantedyeteverneversinceforjustalreadysofar到目前为止二.基本结构have/has+done助动词（可以帮助构成肯定、疑问和否定句）过去分词三.现在完成时的句型变化1.Hehasalreadycleanedhisroom.(改写成一般疑问句）Hashecleanedhisroomyet?2.Theyhavealreadycomebackfromwork.(改写成否定句）Theyhaven’tcomebackfromworkyet.4.HehasbeentoChina,________?（写出反义疑问句部分）hasn’the3.ShehaslivedinLondonforfouryears.(划线部分提问）HowlonghasshelivedinLondon?•Hehasboughtthebook.•Hehasboughtthebookforaweek.•Hehashadthebookforaweek.buyhavecome/go/gettobeinjoinbeinbea…memberleavebeawayborrowkeepbeginbeonfinishbeoverdiebedeadreturnbeback√√短暂性动词与时段连用处理问题Shehasboughtthecomputerfortwoyears.hadbuyhave/hashadHowlonghaveyoucometotheUnitedStates？beenincometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadAnnhasgonetoChinasincethreemonthsago.beenincometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeninMybrotherhasjoinedthearmyforfiveyears.beeninbeenasoldiercometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoinhave/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldierIhaveleftShanghaifor3days.beenawaycometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoinhave/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldierleavehave/hasbeenawayIhaveborrowedthedictionarysince3daysago.keptcometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoinhave/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldierleavehave/hasbeenawayborrowhave/haskeptThefilmhasbegunfor10minutes.beenoncometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoinhave/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldierleavehave/hasbeenawayborrowhave/haskeptbeginhave/hasbeenonTheconcerthasfinishedforhalfanhour.beenovercometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoinhave/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldierleavehave/hasbeenawayborrowhave/haskeptbeginhave/hasbeenonfinishhave/hasbeenoverHisdoghasdiedfortwoyears.beendeadcometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoinhave/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldierleavehave/hasbeenawayborrowhave/haskeptbeginhave/hasbeenonfinishhave/hasbeenoverdiehave/hasbeendeadhavebeentohavegonetohavebeenin去过某地已经回来常与ever,never,once,twice,连用一直留在某地与for/since连用用howlong提问去了某地还没回来只用于第三人称Hersister_____________Australia,Sheleftthismorning.hasgonetohave/hasbeentohave/hasgonetohave/hasbeenin去过常与ever,never,once,twice,连用在…与时间段连用用howlong提问去了说话时某人不在只用于第三人称A:WhereisBob?B:He____________Japanwithhissister.hasgonetohave/hasbeentohave/hasgonetohave/hasbeenin去过常与ever,never,once,twice,连用在…与时间段连用用howlong提问去了说话时某人不在只用于第三人称A:Howlong____you_______China?B:I_________herefor3years.havebeenhavebeeninhave/hasbeentohave/hasgonetohave/hasbeenin去过常与ever,never,once,twice,连用在…与时间段连用用howlong提问去了说话时某人不在只用于第三人称A:_____youever________thecity?B:No,never.HavebeentoWe____________eachothersincechildhood.We____________eachotherwhenwewereyoung.knowhaveknownknewI________himjustnow.(see)I_____just_____mypen.(lose)sawhavelostHowlong______you______intheUnitedstates?(live)When_____you______here?(move)havedidmovelivedA:When______you______thefilm?B:I____ittwomonthsago.(see)Thewriter________________severalstory-bookssince5yearsago.(write)didhaswrittenseesaw1、一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作,说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情,与现在没有关系。2:现在完成时：表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作,它不与表示具体过去的时间状语（如yesterday,lastweek,amomentago等）连用。一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,lastweek,twoyearsago,justnow,in2002等；而现在完成时则常与just,already,ever,never等副词和thesedays,thisweek,since...,for...表示一段时间的状语连用