陈述疑问祈使感叹

四类句型（按照使用目的划分）（陈述句，疑问句，祈使句，感叹句）一．陈述句定义：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法Lighttravelsfasterthansound.（说明事实）Thefilmisratherboring.（说明看法）以下重点讲解陈述句的否定形式.陈述句否定形式的用法例句1.用not构成的否定句：主语+助动词/be/情态动词+not+…Heisnotbackyet.Youshouldn’tbesosilly.Ilikethesalad,butIdon’tlikethissoup.2.祈使句的否定句：Don’t+动词原形…Don’tworry.I’lllookafteryou.Don’tbelieveawordhesays.Don’tbesorude.3.非谓语动词（不定式，分词，动名词）的否定式：把not放在todo;doing;的前面It’simportantnottoworry.Hesaidhedeeplyregrettednotbeingabletohelp.Hereproachedmefornothavingtoldittohim.Notknowingwhattodo,Shellyaskedadviceofherfriend.4.not与除谓语以外的其他句子成分连用：not用在Ihope;Ibelieve;I’mafraid;Iguess;Isuppose;Iexpect之后,构成省略句.Comeearly,butnotbeforesix.It’sworking,butnotproperly.Ibelievehewillsucceed,thoughnotwithoutsomedifficulty.—Willitsnowtoday?—Ihopenot.5.用no构成否定句：no+名词（单,复数,不可数）相当于not+a+名词/not+any+名词NomachinewouldworkforlongifitwerenotproperlylubricatedTakethattowel,Ihavenoother.Icanwalknofarther.Thereisnoknowingwhatwillhappen.ThenationsofEuropeandAmericahavefoundthatnocountrycanproduceallitsneedswithouttrading.6.某些否定副词或代词：seldom;never;hardly;rarely;little;few;none;nowhere;neither等在句中构成否定句Icanseldomfindtimeforreading.Mirrortellsonlythefacts,neverthepoetry.Therumorcamefromnowhere.Nonebutfoolshaveeverbelievedit.否定转移：当think;believe;suppose;imagine等动词引导否定意义的宾语从句时,把从句中的not提到主句这些动词前面,是主句变成否定句：Idon’tthinkshe’sathome,butI’llgoandsee.Idon’timaginethathe’llenjoyit.8.否定式疑问句：部分否定：Notall…=All…not…Notboth…=Both…not…Doesn’tsheunderstand?Haven’tyoubookedyourholidayyet?Idon’trememberallthenames.Allisnotgoldthatglitters.Notevery…=Every…not…Itisnotfoundeverywhere.Noteveryonelikesthisfilm.9.用否定形式表示肯定的意义：cannot…too../cannot…more:越…就越好；再…不过了Youcannotbetoocareful.Amancanneverhavetoomanyfriends.二．疑问句定义提出问题的句子四类疑问句一般疑问句Canyoufinishtheworkintime?特殊疑问句Wheredoyoulive?/Howdoyouknowthat?选择疑问句Doyouwantteaorcoffee?反义疑问句以下重点讲解反意疑问句反义疑问句陈述部分疑问部分例句1)陈述部分的主语是I疑问部分用aren'tI.I'mastallasyoursister,aren'tI?2)陈述部分的谓语是wish疑问部分用may+主语Iwishtohaveawordwithyou,mayI?3)陈述部分用no,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly,rarely,little等否定含义的词时.疑问部分用肯定含义TheSwedemadenoanswer,didhe/she?Someplantsneverblown(开花),dothey?4)含有oughtto的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn't/oughtn't+主语Heoughttoknowwhattodo,oughtn'the?/shouldn'the?5)陈述部分有have/hadtodo疑问部分常用don't/didn’t+主语Wehavetogetthereateighttomorrow,don'twe?6)陈述部分的谓语是usedto时疑问部分用didn't/usedn’t+主语Heusedtotakepicturesthere,didn'the?/usedn'the?7)陈述部分有hadbetterdo.疑问句部分用hadn'tyou?You'dbetterreaditbyyourself,hadn'tyou?8)陈述部分有wouldratherdo疑问部分多用wouldn't+主语Hewouldratherreadittentimesthanreciteit,wouldn'the?9)陈述部分有You'dliketodo.疑问部分用wouldn't+主语You'dliketogowithme,wouldn'tyou?10)陈述部分有must（表示推测）的疑问句注意：must作必须讲时，反义疑问句用mustn’t.must表示推测时,疑问部分根据实际情况而定Hemustbeadoctor,isn'the?YoumusthavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears,haven'tyou?/didn'tyou?Hemusthavefinishedityesterday,didn'the?Youmustworkhardfromnowon,mustn’tyou?（必须）11)感叹句中疑问部分用be+主语Whatcolours,aren'tthey?Whatasmell,isn'tit?12)陈述部分由neither…nor,either…or连接的并列主语时疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定NeitheryounorIamengineer,arewe?13)陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定everything,that,nothing,this疑问部分主语用itEverythingisready,isn'tit?14)陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句,疑问部分有三种情况：a.并列复合句疑问部分,谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定b.带有定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定c.上述部分主句谓语是think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引导的定语从句,疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句.若主句为第二或三人称,则反义疑问句与主句一致.a.Mr.SmithhadbeentoBeijingforseveraltimes,heshouldhavebeeninChinanow,shouldn'the?b.Heisnotthemanwhogaveusatalk,ishe?c.Idon'tthinkheisbright,ishe?Webelieveshecandoitbetter,can'tshe?HesaidhewantedtovisitJapan,didn'the?Jennydoesn'tthinkthatRobertishonest,doesshe?15)陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,noone等疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数he.Everyoneknowstheanswer,don'tthey?(doeshe?)Nobodyknowsaboutit,dothey?(doeshe?)16)带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句注意：当dare,need为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do+主语疑问部分常用need(dare)+主语Weneednotdoitagain,needwe?Hedarenotsayso,dareyou?Shedoesn'tdaretogohomealone,doesshe?17)省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句注意：Let's开头的祈使句,后用shallwe?Letus开头的祈使句，后用willyou?疑问部分用willyouDon'tdothatagain,willyou?Gowithme,willyou/won'tyou?Let'sgoandlistentothemusic,shallwe?Letuswaitforyouinthereading-room,willyou?18)陈述部分是therebe结构的疑问部分用there省略主语代词Thereissomethingwrongwithyourwatch,isn'tthere?Therewillnotbeanytrouble,willthere?Therehasbeenagreatincreaseinretailsales,hasn’tthere?19)否定前缀不能视为否定词其反意疑问句仍用否定形式Itisimpossible,isn'tit?Heisnotunkindtohisclassmates,ishe?20)句子主语为this,that时反义疑问句主语用itIfyoutalkniceandpolite,peoplelistentoyou.Ifyoushout,thisisnogood,isit？21)对某人的话表示讥讽或怀疑,可以重复他的话,所以,反义疑问句中的动词形式和陈述部分应一致,或者都用肯定或者都用否定形式.---Helenmustobeyherparents.---Oh,shemust,mustshe?21)前肯后否,前否后肯.（事实求是）Thereisacomputerinyourroom,isn'tthere?Yes,thereis.（是的,有）Thereisn'tacomputerinyourroom,isthere?Yes,thereis.（不,有）【习题精炼】1.It’safineday,Let’sgofishing,_____?A.won’tweB.willweC.don’tweD.shallwe2.Frankisworkinglateagain.Thisisthefirsttimethisweekhe’shadtostudylate,____?A.isn’theB.hasn’titC.hasn’theD.isn’tit3.—Daddy’sforgottoposttheletteragain,____?—I’mafraidhe___.A.has;hasB.isn’t;isC.hasn’t;hasD.has;hasn’t4.—Sorry,I’mnotfeelingwellandIdon’tthinkIcanfinish.—Don’tworry.Letusdoitforyou,____?A.willyouB.shallweC.shan’tweD.shallyou5.