一般现在时一般过去时

一般现在时定义:一般现在时。表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作（有时间规律发生的事件）的一种时间状态具体运用1.表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。时间状语：always,usually,everymorning/night/evening/day/week/year,often,sometimes,twiceaweek,seldom,onceamonth,onSundayse.g.Ileavehomeforschoolat7:00everymorning.Igetupatsixinthemorning.2.表示客观事实和普遍真理。e.gTheearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.3表示格言或警句中。e.gPridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。☆注意★：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbusprovedthattheearthisround..表达方法主要通过谓语动词的变化和用时间词语来表示，其中最主要的是谓语动词的变化。一般现在时动词变化的规则是：1.如果主语是名词复数和第一人称I、we，谓语动词不用做任何变化，即仍然用动词原形表示：例1)Weusuallygotoschoolat7:30.2)Myparentsgivetenyuantomysistereveryweek.2.主语是任何一个单数名词或者是第三人称单数，谓语动词要进行必要的变化。特别提一点：不可数名词也算作单数处理。1、一般动词，在词尾加s;如：work--works,live--lives,play--plays,sing--sings.eg:ShelivesinNingbo.2、当动词以s，ch,o,sh结尾时，词尾加-es，如词尾为e，只加-s.读作/iz/如：teach------teaches,wash-----washes.go---goespass---passeseg:Mymotherwashesthecoat.行为动词do一般现在时第三人称单（he,she,it)的构成规则：动词变化规律3.以辅音字母加y结尾的词，把y变i在加es，读作[z]Studyflystudiesflied4.以辅音字母+o结尾的词，一般情况是在词尾加es读作[z]godogoesdoes5.特殊情况：havehasEX21.Tomoften_____(get)upatsixinthemorning2.Theearth______(go)aroundthesun.3.Mary’sparent______(live)inBeijing.4.She_______(draw)verywell.Ex1.写出下列词的单三形式：look;go;give;fly;havelooks;goes;gives;flies;hasgetsgoeslivesdraws否定句型1.谓语动词含有助动词，be动词、或者情态动词时，在其后加not.Iamnotatcollege.Mr.Wangisn't50yearsold.TheJacksonsdoesn'thavetwosons.Youmaynotgonow.2.谓语动词是实义动词，是在谓语动词前加donot或doesnot，谓语动词改用动词原型。Idon'thavelunchathome.Theydon'tplaybasketballonthesportsground.Mr.Jimmydoesn'tknowFrench.Ex1.将下列各句从肯定式改为否定式1.ItalktoPeterbecauseIlikehim..2.KatecomesfromAmerica.KateworkswithPeter3.IamChinese,andIamastudent.4.Theyknoweachother.Idon’ttalktoPeterbecauseIdon’tlikehim.Katedoesn’tcomefromAmerica.Katedoesn’tworkwithPeter.IamnotChinese,andIamnotastudentTheydon’tknoweachother.概念：用yes或no来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。一般疑问句Iamateacher.Youareaworker.Heisastudent.Wearefriends.1.对于BE动词，疑问句要求把BE提前，第一人称的单数和复数（I/WE），第一变成第二人称。疑问句Areyouateacher?Areyouaworker?Isheastudent?Areyoufriends?Ex1.请做练习1.HerparentsliveinShanghai.否:Herparents______________inShanghai.疑：_______herparents_______inShanghai?.2.YoustudyEnglish.否：You________studyEnglish.疑：youstudyEnglish?3.HowoftenTomfootball?A.is,playB.do,playC.does,playD.does,playsdon’tliveDoliveDon’tDoC2.对于实意动词，疑问句要求是：当主语是他(he)，她(she)，它(it)时，句子前面加DOES，并把动词恢复原形；当主语是其他人称时，句前加DO，第一人(I/we)称换第二人称(you)。Ioftengothere.Youlikethemusic.Hegoestoworkbybus.We/You/Theylikeit.Doyouoftengothere?Doyoulikethemusic.?Doeshegotoworkbybus?Doyou/theylikeit?1.Igoestoschoolatsixeveryday.2.Hedon’tlikeplayingfootball.3.Theylikesplayinggames.4.DamingwatchsTVintheevening.5.Doesheusuallyhasaparty?6.WhatdotheyonSunday?7.Whattheyeatintheparty?8.Lilyhaveslunchatschool.godoesn’tlikewatcheshavedodohas用所给动词的正确形式填空：1.Weoften______(play)intheplayground.2.Sheoften______(watch)TVwithherdog.3.Theearth______(go)aroundthesun.4.Mymother_______look)aftermylittlesisterathome.5.Lucy________(have)somefriendshere.6.FangMing_____________(notlike)riceatall.7.We_____(go)toschoolat7:30inthemorning.8.Maryseldom________(come)here.9.Heruncleoften_______(drive)toBeijing.10.Tom______(want)_________(work)inHainan.playwatcheslooksdoesn’tlikehasgocomeswantsdrivestoworkgoes什么是一般过去时？动词的一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作、情况或存在的状态。行为动词(即实义动词)的过去式没有人称和数的变化。所有时态都是通过动词变化来表现的谓语构成1.动词be2.动词have,has3.助动词do,does4.行为动词用过去式was,werehaddid一般过去时以动词的过去式来表示，没有人称和数的变化.(was,were除外)Iwenttoschoolyesterday.Theywenttoschoolyesterday.一般过去时的谓语构成：由动词的过去式构成规则变化1.一般加ed2.以e结尾加d3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加ed.work—workedchange—changedprefer—preferredstop—stopped4.以辅音字母加y结尾的词,先改y为i,再加edstudy—studied规则动词过去式-ed的发音1.在以清辅音结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/t/work/w3:k/edt/2.在以浊辅音或元音结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/d/play/pleI/live/lIv/edd/edd/3.在以/t/或/d/结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/Id/visit/’vIzIt/edId/finishedenjoyedshoutedmovedhelpedwantedcalledneeded/t//d//Id//d//d//t//Id//Id/词义现在（原形）过去是am,is(be)是are(be)成为become开始begin弯曲bend吹blow买buy能can捕捉catchwaswerebecamebeganbentblewboughtcouldcaught选择choose来come切cut做do,does画draw饮drink吃eat感觉feel发现find飞fly忘记forgetchosecamecutdiddrewdrankatefeltfoundflewforgot得到get给give走go成长grow有have,has听hear受伤hurt保持keep知道know学习learngotgavewentgrewhadheardhurtkeptknewlearned,learnt允许，让let躺lie制造make可以may意味mean会见meet必须must放置put读read骑、乘rideletlaymademightmeantmetmustputreadrode响、鸣ring跑run说say看见see将shall唱歌sing坐下sit睡觉sleep说speak度过spend扫sweeprangransaidsawshouldsangsatsleptspokespentswept1.look2.live3.stop4.go5.hope6.trip7.call8.eat9.want10.are11.go12.have13.do14.get15.come16.say17.see18.put19.read20.takelookedlivedstoppedwenthopedtrippedcalledatewantedwerewenthasdidgotcamesaidsawputreadtook写出下列动词的过去式21.buy22.sing23.hear24.make25.find26.break27.think28.fall29.write30.beboughtmadefoundbrokethoughtfellwrotewas/weresangheard1.在过去某一时间内发生的动作：Hegothomeatteno’clocklastnight.2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常与often，always等表示频度的间状语连用：Ioftengotupveryearlyatthattime.用法3.表示已故人所做的事情。ComradeLeiFengdidgooddeedsinhislife.雷锋同志做了一生的好事。4.表示过去所发生的一系列的动作,而这一系列的动作是从现在的角度来考虑的,不是从动作相互之间的关系这一角度来考虑的。MissLiugotupatseveno’clockthismorning,dressed,hadbreakfast,andwenttowork.1.与ago连用：amoment