初中代词专题知识点讲解和练习

代词人称代词：主格、宾格物主代词：形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词反身代词代词指示代词不定代词疑问代词相互代词eachother，oneanother1.人称代词：主格宾格第一人称单数Ime（我）复数weus（我们）第二人称单数youyou（你）2.第三人称单数he/she/ithim/her/it3.复数theythem（他们）①第一人称单数代词I（我）无论在什么地方出现都要大写。②人称代词的排列顺序：二，三，一(单数）一，二，三（复数）eg:you,heandI(你，他，我）we,youandthey(我们，你们，他们）③人称代词作主语时要用其主格eg:theyarenurses.sheisabarber.•动词后用宾格•eg:Ihelphimandhehelpsme•2.介词后用宾格•eg:JimtakesgoodcareofmeEx：1.MissZhangteaches___math.BA.weB.usC.ourD.ours2.___likeplayingsoccerwith___.CA.Them,meB.They,IC.They,meD.Them,I3.Tomisanewstudent.___knewnoneof____.AA.He,usB.He,weC.Him,usD.His,we4.Youcansitbetween____.BA.heandIB.himandmeC.meandhim5.___allcomehereearly.CA.ThemB.SheC.WeD.Us1.___amastudent.Jimismybrother.___isastudent,too.Bothof___likeEnglish.2.MaryisanEnglish.___teachesusEnglish.3.Hismotherasked____tolookafterhissister.4.___arestudents.So___muststudyhard(我们）5.Canyoulookafter____?（他们）6.Myfatherisverykind.__likestalkingto__（我们）.7.DoyouknowwhereLucyandLilyare.___（我）can’tfind____（他们）8.____amhere.Canyousee___（我）?9.Does___（她）like____（它）?10.____(他)playsbasketballbetterthan____(我）二、物主代词：“的”形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称单数mymine（我的）复数ourours（我们的）第二人称单数youryours（你的）复数youryours（你们的）第三人称单数his/her/itshis/hers/its（他的）复数theirtheirs（他们的）用法：形容词性物主代词+名词名词性物主代词相当于名词，可作主语，表语和宾语Eg:Thisismybook=ThisbookismineThatisyourpen,mineisinmybag.thisisLucy‘scoat，yoursisdifferentfromhers1.___roomisbetterthan____.CA.They,usB.Their,ourC.Their,ours2.Isthis____sister?No,Sheis____sister.AA.your,hisB.your,mineC.his,mine3.Sheis___Englishteacher.Sheteaches__well.BA.our,oursB.our,usC.their,they4.Must___goto___officenow?AA.we,hisB.he,youC.they,yours5.Youmustbring___notebooktotheschool.BA.youB.yourC.yours6.Theredbagis___.___iswhite.AA.his,MineB.him,MyC.mine,Him7.Can___use___bike?BA.I,youB.I,yourC.me,your三、反身代词：……自己第一人称单数myself（我自己）复数ourselves（我们自己）第二人称单数yourself（你自己）复数yourselves（你们自己）第三人称单数himself/herself/itself(他自己）复数themselves(他们自己）用法：与主语的人称一致Eg:IcanteachmyselfEnglish.Weenjoyedourselves.常用词组：1.Helponeselftosth请自便/别客气Youcanhelpyourselvestothecake,children.2.enjoyoneself玩得开心=haveagoodtime3.teachoneselfsth=learnsthbyoneself自学WecanteachourselvesEnglish.=WecanlearnEnglishbyourselves.4.lookafteroneself照顾自己5.leaveonebyoneself把某人单独留下Shecan’tleaveTombyhimself.6.byoneself靠自己7.dressoneself自己穿衣服8.saytooneself自言自语9.loseoneselfin沉迷于10.cometooneself苏醒11.benotoneself不舒12.killoneself自杀13.introduceoneself自我介绍14.behaveoneself规矩15.absentoneself缺课/缺勤16.devoteoneselfto专心于17.applyoneselfto专心致志18.adaptoneselfto适应于19.Dressoneself自己穿衣服Ex.1.Lucy,canyoudoitby_____?2.Mymothersaidshecouldlookafter____.3.Wemustfinishitby_____.4.Theycametoseethehouse______yesterday.5.Lileicandress_______andwash____.6.Myparentsenjoy_____everyday.7.Didhehurt_______?8.Youcanpicktheappleby______,John.9.MissLiutaught____Japanese.10.Thetwinscorrectthemistakesby___.11.Whoteaches___English?Heteaches___.A.himself,himselfB.him,himselfC.his,himself四、指示代词1、指示代词的形式：单数：this,that复数：these,those如：Thisismywatch.Thatishiswatch.Thesearemybooks.Thosearehisbooks.2、打电话时，常用“that”询问对方是“谁”，用“this”介绍自己。如：--Hello,IsthatLucy?--Hello,thisisLucy.五、疑问代词指人：who,whom,whose，which指物：what,which指时间：when指地点：where(疑问副词)指方式：how（疑问副词）Eg:Whoareyoutalkingto?Whosebookisthis?Wherehaveyoubeen?六、不定代词1.常见的不定代词有：some,any,one,each,every,no,none,all,both,either,neither,many,much,afew,alittle,other,another,theother等2.形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,nobody,everything,everyone,everybody等不定代词时，放在后面。如：Isthereanythingimportantintoday’snewspaper?Thereisnothingwrongwithyourbike.it的用法1、指时间、天气或距离等如：It’seighto’clocknow.It’stimeforclass.It’sgettinghotterandhotter.It’sfivemilesfrommyhometoschool.2、指谈话双方都知道的或都不知道的人或事如：--Whoisknockingatthedoor?--ItmustbeLilei.Hesaidhewouldcometonight.--Whoisit?--It’sme.3、做形式主语或形式宾语如：It’sveryimportanttostudyEnglishwell.Wefoundithardtofinishtheworkontime.1.adj修饰不定代词时,形容词要放在不定代词的后面eg,somethingdifferentnothinginteresting2.many+可数名词eg,manybooks/pens/peoplemuch+不可数名词eg,muchwater/money/milk3.all是在三者或三者以上eg,Lily,LucyandIareallstudents.Weallstandhere.当表示两者都用botheg,LilyandLucyarebothclever.MysisterandIbothgotoschool.4.little和alittle,few和afewalittle+不可数名词一点点,肯定little+不可数名词几乎没有,否定eg,Thereis_____meatinthefridge.Let’sgoandgetsome.Iamverythirsty.Luckily,thereis_________teaintheteapot.IhavelearnedEnglishforoneyear.Icanspeak_________now.5,every和each后都可以接单数可数名词eg,every/eachteacher但each则是指两者或两者以上中的每一个，且可用于eachof结构，every表示三个或三个以上中的每一个，且不可以用of结构.eg,Everyboyhasabike.---Eachboyhasabike.---Eachoftheboyshasabike.eg,on_______sideofthestreet6,some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句eg,Thereissomewaterinthecup,butnotanymilk.Isthereanynewstoday?但在疑问句中，当说话者希望对方做肯定回答时要用some,而不是anyeg,---MayIhavesomepaper,please?---Sure.Hereyouare.7,either:任意一个（两个中选一个）eg,---Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?---Eitherisok,Idon’tmind.构成either…or…词组或者…或者…Eitheryouoryourbrotherishere.--Eitheryourbrotheroryouarehere.Eitheryouoryourbrotherworkshere.--Eitheryourbrotheroryou______here.neither（两个中）一个都没有---Wouldyoulikesometeaorcoffee?---Neither.Ilikeorangejuice.neither…nor…既不、、、也不、、、NeitheryounoryourbrotherisinRow3.--Neitheryourbrothernoryoua