robinson-crusoe--英国文学选读

1TheLifeandSurprisingAdventuresofRobinsonCrusoe2PartAQuiz31.Accordingtothetext,whichsentenceisfalse?A、Robinsonlovedofsailing,characterperseverance,andlivedfor28yearsonadesertisland.B、RobinsonhadrescuedanativenamedFriday,andlaterthenativebecamehisfaithfulservantandfriend.C、Robinsonhelpedthecaptaintoputdowntherevolt,andreturnedtoEnglandaboardtheship.D、Robinson'sstoryistrue,usingthefirst-personnarrationtodescribetheauthor'sownexperience.★42、Robinsonwantedtofindabetterplacetobuildhouse,whichoneisnotmeetthedemands?A、healthandfreshwaterB、shelterintheheatofthesunC、securityfromravenouscreaturesD、aviewtothesea★53、WhichplaceisRobinsonfindingashissettlement?A、acaveintheearthB、atentupontheearthC、alittleplainonthesideofarisinghillD、alowmoorishgroundnearthesea★64、WhichsentenceisnotaboutRobinsonsettinguphistentandmakingthecave?A、Hemadeadoubletent,thatistosay,alargetentwasaboveasmallerone.B、Heduguptherockandmadeitbecomeacave.C、Heputtheearthandstonesinsidethefenceinthenatureofaterrace.D、Hemadebagsandboxestoseparatethepowder,andkeepitalittleandalittleinaparcel.★75、Intothisfenceorfortress,withinfinitelabour,Icarriedall__________,all___________________,____________________,ofwhichyouhavetheaccountabove.6、Intheintervaloftimewhilethiswasdoing,Iwentoutonceatleasteverydaywithmygun,aswellto__________,astosee______________________________.myrichesmyprovisionsammunitionandstoresdivertmyselfifIcouldkillanythingfitforfood87、WhatisthewayofRobinsonreckoningtime?8、WhatdoesRobinsoncutonalargepost?“Icameonshorehereonthe30thofSept.1659”Hecuteverydayanotchwithhisknife,andeveryseventhnotchwasaslongastherest,andeveryfirstdayofthemonthaslongasagainasthatlongone.9PartBDanielDefoeRobinsonCrusoe10DanielDefoe（ca.1660to1731),•DanielFoe–DanielDefoe•anEnglishtrader,writer,journalist,pamphleteer(小册子作者)•oneofthefoundersoftheEnglishnovel11•1665,GreatPlagueofLondon•1666,TheGreatFireofLondon•1670,Annie’sdeath•amerchant–woollengoodsandwine•1684,Defoe❤MaryTuffley（adowryof£3,700）•1685,theMonmouthRebellion•1688,WilliamⅢ’scloseallyandasecretagent•1692,bearrestedfordebts•…DanielDefoe12Novels:•RobinsonCrusoe(1719)•CaptainSingleton(1720)•MollFlanders(1722)•AJournalofthePlagueYear•…DanielDefoe13AlexanderSelkirk•aScottishsailor•bemaroonedonanuninhabitedisland•berescuedin1709byWoodesRogers'expedition•CruisingVoyage(1712)Inspiration14RobinsonCrusoeTheLifeandStrangeSurprizingAdventuresofRobinsonCrusoe,ofYork,Mariner:WholivedEightandTwentyYears,allaloneinanun-inhabitedIslandontheCoastofAmerica,neartheMouthoftheGreatRiverofOroonoque;HavingbeencastonShorebyShipwreck,whereinalltheMenperishedbuthimself.WithAnAccounthowhewasatlastasstrangelydeliver'dbyPirates.15RobinsonCrusoe•setssail(1651)–beshipwrecked•setsouttoseaagain–beenslaved•joinsanexpedition(1659)–beshipwreckedOnlyheandthreeanimals,adogandtwocats,survivetheshipwreck.16“theIslandofDespair”•arms,tools,othersupplies•buildsafenced-inhabitat•awoodencross–acalendar•hunting,barleyandrice,raisins(葡萄干),pottery,goats,parrot•Bible17•nativecannibals(食人族)•Friday•Friday’sfather&aSpaniard18TheIslandofDespairThemainlandRobinson’shometown★19•Literature•Comics•Stageandfilm•TelevisionMarkedthebeginningofrealisticfictionasaliterarygenreRobinsonCrusoe(1947)•a1927silentfilmtitledRobinsonCrusoe•….•a1997movieentitledRobinsonCrusoe•TheAdventuresofRobinsonCrusoe(1964)•….•Crusoe(2008)20PartCDeepthinkingDiscussion21•1.Ifyouaregoingtoliveonanuninhabitedisland,whichthingswouldyouchoosetobringwithyouandwhy?•2.AnalysisofRobinsonCrusoe’scharacterfrombothpositiveandnegativesides.•3.Thethemeofthisnovel2223admirablequalities:•Hisperseveranceinspendingmonthsmakingacanoe,andinpracticingpotterymakinguntilhegetsitright,ispraiseworthy.•Hisresourcefulnessinbuildingahome,dairy,grapearbor,countryhouse,andgoatstablefrompracticallynothingisclearlyremarkable.•Hisbusinessinstinctsarejustasconsiderableashissurvivalinstincts•Hishonestyinadmittinghisfearsandpanic.24•Theflawsinhischaracter.•Hisindifferencetohisfamily•Hisurgetosubjugateothers25-Hisindifferencetohisfamily•Heneverdisplaysanyemotionaboutleavingfromhisfamilies.•Thoughheisgeneroustowardpeople,aswhenhegivesgiftstohissistersandthecaptain,Crusoerevealsverylittletenderorsincereaffectioninhisdealingswiththem.•WhenCrusoetellsusthathehasgottenmarriedandthathiswifehasdiedallwithinthesamesentence,hisindifferencetoherseemsalmostcruel.26•Hisurgetosubjugateothers•HisteachingFridaytocallhim“Master,”evenbeforeteachinghimthewordsfor“yes”or“no,”seemsobnoxiousevenundertheraciststandardsoftheday,asifCrusoeneedstoheartheego-boostingwordspokenassoonaspossible.27主题思想•（一）主题一：人与上帝的冲突•《鲁滨逊漂流记》主要地反映了笛福的宗教观，他认为上帝是辅佐人克服困难的外在的精神力量，具有安慰人心的作用，并对人精神的自我完善起到了推动作用。•（二）主题二：人与自然的冲突•借由人与自然的冲突的展现，既表现了笛福崇尚劳动、个性自由和开拓精神等，也表现了笛福的以人为本，崇尚人类征服自然的自然观。在《鲁滨逊漂流记》中，人是自然的主人，人以战胜自然显示自己对于自然的主宰地位，人与自然是事物对立的两个方面，这篇小说中，人与自然的矛盾冲突的化解结果就是人战胜了自然。•(三)主题三：人与人的冲突•借由人与人的冲突，表现笛福想建立一个自由的，只凭口头契约就可以实施统治的乌托邦理想。《鲁滨逊漂流记》中人与人的冲突反应了笛福的政治理想：建立一个乌托邦。因为笛福在政治上反对专制，主张民权，他认为任何人的基本权利都是不能够被侵犯的，虽然他的政治思想也有其两面性的地方，比如他在反对专制崇尚宗教自由的同时也赞同殖民制度。•28•总之，笛福及其作品赞扬了处于上升时期的资本主义的开拓进取，不畏艰难，勇于冒险的精神，蕴含了劳动