(07-10)年高考分类汇编----虚拟语气

2010年高考英语试题分类汇编——虚拟语气（10上海）29.---Sorry,ProfessorSmith.Ididn'tfinishtheassignmentyesterday.---Oh,youhavedoneitasyesterdaywasthedeadline.A.mustB.mustn'tC.shouldD.shouldn't答案：C考点：本题考查的是虚拟语气解析：此处表示和过去事实相反的情况，应该用should+have+过去分词。本来应该做，而未做（10安徽）26.Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthe-_______A.wasbusyB.isbusyC.hadbeenbusy.D.willbebusy答案：A.考点：本题考查虚拟语气与时态。解析：前句表示对过去的虚拟，而but之后表示过去的客观事实，故用一般过去时态。（10湖南）29.Ifhemyadvice,hewouldn'thavelosthisjob.A.followedB.shouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.wouldfollow答案：C考点：考查虚拟语气。解析：根据“wouldn’thavelost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，故选C项。（10天津）15.Johnwenttothehospitalalone.Ifhemeaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.A.shouldtellB.tellsC.toldD.hadtold答案：D.考点：考查虚拟语气。句意：约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我的话，我会跟他一起去的。解析：前一句是陈述语气，说明动发生在过去，而且后一句的主句已经是wouldhavegone说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构，应该用had+过去分词。（10江苏）34.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe_______moreonitsculture.A.focusB.focusedC.wouldfocusD.hadfocused答案：选B解析：wouldrather后应用虚拟语气，表示与现在时间相反，用动词的过去式（陕西）15.Ifwe___theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.A.takeB.hadtakenC.tookD.havetaken答案：B.解析：考查虚拟语气。所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语，根据主句的谓语动词形式mighthavearrived可知题干是与过去事实相反，故所填部分用had+过去分词形式，选B。（10湖北）76.Mr.Johnsoninsistedthattheproblemworthyofattention________(讨论)atthemeeting.(discuss)答案：(should)bediscussed考点：虚拟语气解析：“insist”引导的宾语从句要用虚拟，从句结构是“should”（可省略）加动词原形，主语“problem”是要“被讨论”。（10北京）34.--Theweatherhasbeenveryhotanddry.--Yes.Ifithadrainedevenadrop,thingswouldbemuchbetternow!Andmyvegetables.A.wouldn'tdieB.didn'tdieC.hadn'tdiedD.wouldn'thavedied答案：D考点：本题考查虚拟语气中对过去的虚拟。解析：第二个说话人的If条件句是我们选择正确答案的关键。要是当时下雨了，现在的情况就好的多了！我的蔬菜也就不会死了。过去没有下雨，所以我的蔬菜干死了也是发生在过去。而将句子还原则为Ifithadrainedevenadrop,myvegetableswouldn'thavedied.If+haddone,主句为couldn’t/shouldn't/wouldn'thavedone.（10浙江）10．HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergy.A．wouldhavebeensavedB．hadbeensavedC．willbesavedD．wassaved答案：A考点：本题考查虚拟语气。解析：根据句子的倒装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟语气，原形是：IfIhadknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergy.故选择A。句意为：如果我早知道这个电脑程序，就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。英语高考语法讲解---虚拟语气专题虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气(if引导)二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气三、主语从句中的虚拟语气四、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气五、状语从句中的虚拟语气六、几种特殊的虚拟语气1.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句if从句主句现在过去式would(should,could,might)+动原将来过去式should+动原同上wereto+动原过去haddonewould(should,could,might)+havedone考题点击1.Iamnotfreetoday.IfI___freetoday,I__andvisitsomeofmyfriends.A.amwillgoB.were,wouldgoC.shallbeD.be,mustgo2.Ifmylawyer___herelastSaturday,he__mefromgoing.A.hadbeen,wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen,wouldpreventC.were,wouldpreventD.were,wouldhaveprevented3.IfIweretoseeTom,what___you___metotellhim?A.are,goingtoaskB.do,askC.would,askD.did,askBAB学习虚拟条件句还要注意以下4点：（1）省略if若虚拟条件句中有were,had,should时，可省略if而将were,had,should移到句首。如：（1）IfIweretomeethimtomorrow,Ishouldaskhimaboutit.WereItomeethimtomorrow,…（2）__forthedoctor’scarefultreatment,he___tilllastyear.A.Ifitisnot,can’tliveB.Wereitnot,couldn’tliveC.Haditnotbeen,couldn’thavelivedD.Iftheywerenot,couldn’tlive2.C（2）错综时间虚拟条件句虚拟条件句与主句谓语动词发生的时间有时不一致，要注意主从句谓语形式。[考题]ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI___inlove,attheageofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.A.wouldn’thavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofallB错综时间虚拟条件句1.Ifyouhadfinishedwritingthebooklastmonth,itwouldbepublishednextmonth.2.Youwouldbemuchbetternowifyouhadtakenmyadvice.3Ifyouhadmethimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.（3）含蓄虚拟条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是通过一个介词来表示或通过上下文或其他方式表示如“butfor”，“without”及“butthat”“exceptfor和“supposing”“otherwise等表示含蓄的虚拟：Butforyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.Withoutthemoney,IwouldnotbealivenowSupposingtherewerenogravity,objectswouldnotfalltothegroundwhendropped.Shewasn’tfeelingverywell.Otherwiseshewouldn’thaveleftthemeetingsoearly.Shewouldleaveherhusbandexceptforchildren.如果没有孩子的话,她就会离开她的丈夫的考题点击：1.Iwentbyplane;otherwiseI____muchlongertime.A.couldtakeB.wouldtakeC.willhavetakenD.wouldhavetaken2.Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe_____agoal.A.hadscoredB.scoredC.wouldscoreD.wouldhavescored3.Withoutliberationwe________anewlife.1.D2.D.3.D（4）ifonly从句ifonly若是...那该多好啊;真希望...;只要...就好1.IfonlyMarxwerestillbymysidetoseethiswithhisowneyes.2.Ifonlyshecouldhavelivedalittlelonger.Ifonlyshehadlivedalittlelonger.3.Ifonlyhehadarrivedintime.比较ifonly与onlyifonlyif表示“只有”；Iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings.[考题]1.Ifonlygrandmother____thistogetherwithusnow.A.willseeB.couldseeC.mustseeD.shouldsee2.Ifonlyhe___quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlie(lie躺，lay,lain)1.B.2.C二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气1.wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的愿望。其表达形式一般是将从句的谓语动词退后一个时态。例如:1)与现在事实相反:wish+(that)+did(were)IwishIwereashealthyasyou.IwishthatIhadaplane.2)与过去事实相反:wish+(that)+haddoneIwishIhadbeentotheconcertlastnight.Iwishyouhadwrittentohim.3)与将来事实相反:wish+would/could/might+doIwishhewouldforgiveme.2.在某些动词后的宾语从句中需用should+动词原形的虚拟语气形式。“should”可以省略。常见的动词有:一个坚持insist;两个命令order,command;三条建议suggest,advise,propose;六项要求demand,request,require,ask;urge,desire,注意:suggest表暗示表明时insist表坚持认为时不用虚拟语气Heorderedthatthestudents(should)washtheclotheseveryweekbythemselves.Thedoctors