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高二英语几种常见时态重点解析时态(tense)是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式,因此,当我们说一个英语句子时态结构的时候,指的就是相应时态下的谓语动词形式。英语时态主要包括下列9种:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在完成时,过去完成时,将来完成时,现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时。一.一般现在时与一般过去时很多同学一看见“often”“everyday”就毫不犹豫的选填一般现在时,去忽略了上下文。别忘了一般过去时除了表示“在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态”还可以表示“在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作”。例如:WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.Theylivedfarawayfromtheirschoolsotheyhadtogetupat5:30everydayandthenrantoschool.二.现在完成时与一般过去时1.现在完成时与一般过去时都可以表示过去发生的动作。但是,一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作,一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用(yesterday,lastweek,…ago,in1980,inOctober,just,now等,);而现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。换句话说,句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如yesterday,last,week,in1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。例如:Isawthisfilmyesterday.(表示过去发生过了某动作。)Ihaveseenthisfilm.(不表明什么时候发生,强调对现在的影响.)Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.(汤姆昨天晚上给他父母写了一封信。)2.当与表示时间段的状语连用时,过去时表示过去某个时间段存在的状态或发生的动作;现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,在肯定句中动词一般是延续性的,如live,teach,learn,work,study,know;如果与非延续性动词连用,多用于否定句中。例如:HestudiedFrenchfor2yearswhileinuniversity.Whohasn’thandedinhispaper?HehasbeenaLeaguememberforthreeyears.比较:Hehassmokedforabout10years.Hesmokedfor10yearsandthengaveupafterhehadaseriousillness.三.过去完成时1.在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在后,用一般过去时,发生在先,用过去完成时;也就是常说的“过去之过去”。例如:Whenthepolicearrived,thethieveshadrunaway.Ihadhardlyopenedthedoorwhenhehitme.2.用在表示意向的动词中,如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等,用过去完成时表示“原本…,未能…”。例如:Wehadhopedthatyouwouldcome,butyoudidn’t.(那时我们希望你能来,但是你没有来。)Hehadmeanttocometoyourbirthdayparty.(他原本打算来参加你的生日聚会的。)注意:如果几个动作按顺序发生,又不强调先后,或用then,and,but等连词时,多用一般过去时。例如:Whenshesawthemouse,shescreamed.(她看到老鼠,就叫了起来。)MyauntgavemeahatandIlostit.(姑妈给了我一顶帽子,我把它丢了。)四.一般过去时与过去进行时的区别1.过去进行时表示动作的未完成性、持续性,着眼于动作的过程;一般过去时表示动作的完成,即动作发生过,且已结束,着眼于结果。例如:a).ShewaswritingareportlastnightandIdon’tknowifshehasfinishedit.(含义:表示昨晚一直在写)b).Shewroteareportlastnight.(含义:表示昨晚写了,并且写好了)2.bealwaysdoing意思是“总是,老是”,带有一定的感情色彩。例如:Hewasalwaysthrowingthingsabout.(含义:表示不满或讨厌)五.关于时态的特殊用法1.在现在进行时态中go,come,leave,start,arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。例如:Thetrainisleavingsoon.Iamcoming.2.如果主句是将来时或表示将来含义时,条件,时间或让步状语从句多用一般现在时WhenIgrowup,Iwillbeanurseandlookafterpatients.Ifitrainstomorrowwewillhavetostayathome.3.“It’s(high)time+从句”,用过去时或shoulddo,注意should不能省略。例如:It's(high)timethatwewenthome.=It's(high)timethatweshouldgohome.(我们该回家了。)4.“wouldrather+从句”,用一般过去时或过去完成时。例如:It’sgettinglate.I’dratheryoutookataxi.(天晚了,我倒希望你打一辆车。)Thefilmwasboring.I’dratherIhadn’tgonetoseeit.(电影真无聊,真希望没去看。)即时训练:用所给单词的正确形式填空(不超过三个单词)1.Listen!Someofthegirls_______________(talk)abouttheVoiceofChina.Let’sjointhem!2.LastFridayafternoontheyoungman____________(hurt)inthetrafficaccident3.--Iseverybodyhere?--No,sir.Jim______________(notarrive)yet.Heisstillontheway.4.It’safactthattheelderly_____________(take)goodcareofinthehomeoftheelderly.5.Jacksaidhe__________________(return)thetwobookstothelibraryinaweek.6.Ihearhisnewnovel______________(come)outinOctobernextyear.7.Thesportsmeeting______________(hold)inourschoolinNovembereveryyear.8.Ireallydon’tknowwhenhe____________(wake)upandwentout.9.Thiskindoffoodmust_______________(keep)inafridgeoritwillgoessour.10.--Excuseme,mayIborrowyourdictionary?--Sorry,I______________(use)it.11.--Whydidthepolicemanstopyourcar?--I__________________(make)acallatthatmoment.Whatabadday!12.China________________(send)10peopleintooutspacesofar13.Don’tworryaboutyourboytoomuch.Histemperature____________(drop)backtonormalifhetakesthismedicineastoldto.14.Ithinkweneedtenmoreminutesbeforetheproblem(work)out.15.---OurteacherspeaksEnglishfluently!---Yeah,she_____(study)EnglishinOxfordUniversityforfouryears!16It'sseveno'clocknow;littleTomshouldbeup,becausehe____(sleep)forninehours.17.---HaveyoumetMr.Li?---Yes.WhenIarrived,he_____(leave)forShanghaitoattendanationalconference.18.Mostriversinthisareahavebeenpolluted.Itistimeourgovernment________(take)measurestostopit.19.Iaskedhimtofinishhispapersbuthesaidhe___________(hand)theminandhegotanA.20.Thenewmodelofthemobile___________(sell)outyesterday.用所给动词的正确形式填空,使文章完整且有意义。I___________(receive)aletterfrommysisteryesterday.She___________(live)inCanada.Inherletter,she_________(say)thatshe__________(come)backtoChinanextyear.Ifshe_________(come),she___________(get)asurprise.Wearenowlivinginabeautifulnewhouseinthecountry.Workonit__________(begin)beforeshe____________(leave).Thehouse________________(complete)fivemonthsago.Inmyletter,I____________(tell)herthatshecouldstaywithus.Thehouse__________(have)manylargeroomsandthereisalovelygarden.Itisaverymodernhouse,soit___________(look)strangetosomepeople.Itmustbethemostmodernhouseinthedistrict.本节内容学习体会:——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————____________________________________________________________________________Moduleone时态语态答案1.aretaking2.was/gothurt3.hasn’tarrived4.aretaken/arebeingtaken5.wouldreturn6.willcome7.isheld8.woke9.bekept10.amusing11.wasmaking12.hassent13willdrop.14.isworked15.studied16.Hasslept/hasbeensleeping17.wasleaving18.took19.Hadhanded20wassold1.received2.lives3.said4.wouldcome5.comes6.willget7.hadbegun8.lef
本文标题:高二英语几种常见时态重点解析
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