初中宾语从句

语法重点：宾语从句一、概念由一个句子充当宾语，我们称之为宾语从句。e.g.Iknowtheanswer.(名词做宾语)IknowthatTomgetstheanswer.(句子做宾语,叫做宾语从句）二、宾语从句的关联词*陈述句做宾语，用that引导,that可省略；Iknow（that）theWaterFestivalisreallyfun.*一般疑问句做宾语,用if或whether引导；Iwonderifthey'llhavetheracesagainnextyear.*特殊疑问句做宾语,用该特殊疑问词引导。Iwonderwhereweshouldgonext.Hesaid,“Ilikeplayingbasketball.”Hesaidthathelikedplayingbasketball.Heaskedme,“Doyoulikeplayingbasketball?”HeaskedmeifIlikedplayingbasketball.Heaskedme,“Wheredoyouplaybasketball?”HeaskedmewhereIplayedbasketball.三、宾语从句的语序永远都是陈述句语序e.g.Heaskedmewhowastheboy.()Heaskedmewhotheboywas.()四、宾语从句的时态变化主句是一般现在时,从句可以用任何时态.Ithink(that)sheisaclevergirl.Weallknow(that)theyreachedShanghaiyesterday.Doyouknow(that)thereisgoingtobeafootballmatchtonight?PleasetellmehowlongIcankeepthisbook.一般现在时一般过去时TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.HesaidtheseflowerswerefromGuangdong.一般过去时过去完成时Didshesleepwelllastnight?Davidasked.Davidaskedshehadsleptwelllastnight.主句是一般过去时,从句一般是过去时态的一种：现在进行时过去进行时Isawtheywereswimmingintheriver.一般将来时过去将来时Therewillbeameetinginfivedays.Jackdidn’tknow.Jackdidn’tknowtherewouldbeameetinginfivedays.现在完成时过去完成时Hetoldmehehadfinishedhishomeworklastnight.宾语从句为客观事实或真理时，从句均用一般现在时Dadtoldmethatthesunrisesintheeast.Teresatoldhersonthatleavesturnyellowinautumn.五、宾语从句的人称变化人称代词要随合理的逻辑而自然变化.1.Wearegoingtopickapplesforthefarmers.ThestudentssaidThestudentssaid_____weregoingtopickapplesforthefarmers.2.Willyougotherewithyourparents?(Heaskedher)Heaskedherif_____wouldgotherewith_____parents.3.CanIfinishitbymyself?(Theoldmandidn’tknow)Theoldmandidn’tknowif_____couldfinishitby_____.4.Howlonghaveyouwaitedforme?(Heaskedhisfriends)Heaskedhisfriendshowlong_____hadwaitedfor_____.theyhershehehimselftheyhimIf和whether的区别1）Whether后能跟ornot,if不行。I’dliketoknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.2）Whether后能加todo,if不行。Hedoesn’tknowwhethertoworkorplay.3）在介词后只能用whether不能用if.Heistryingtofindoutwhetherthemedicineworks.概念：在复合句中做宾语的句子叫做宾语从句．宾语从句：1.关联词2.语序3.时态4.人称5.if与whether的区别1.Canyoutellme____?A.howcanIgetthereB.whereisthepostofficeC.howtogettothedrugstore2.Doyouknow____?A.whoisheB.wheredoesheliveC.whatheistalkingabout3.Idon’tknow___Icanpasstheexam.A.ifB.whichC.whatCCA4.Idon’tknowhe_________tomorrow.he_________,I’llletyouknow.A.comes,comesB.willcome,willcomeC.willcome,comesD.comes,willcomeC我告诉他我明天要去北京。ItellhimthatI________toBeijingtomorrow.willgo我知道他住在哪里。Iknew_____________wherehelived.Ihear(that)_______________________.我听说一小时后他会回来。hewillbebackinanhourDoyouknow______________________?你知道他们在等谁吗?whotheyarewaitingforIdon’tknow__________________ornot?whetherhecancome我不知他是否能来?1.—Canyoutellme________toLondon?—Sure.Nextmonth.A.whenyouwilltravelB.whenwillyoutravelC.whenyoutravelledD.whendidyoutravel(2015北京)2.—Couldyoutellme________?—You'dbetterkeepadiaryinEnglishasoftenaspossible.A.whenIcanimprovemywrittenEnglishB.howIcanimprovemywrittenEnglishC.ifcanIimprovemywrittenEnglish(2015黑龙江哈尔滨)3.—I'mwaitingforthemail.Doyouknow________itwillarrive?—Usuallyitcomesby4:00p.m.A.howB.whereC.whenD.what(2015山东青岛)4.Thepolicewondered________.A.whosehandbagitisB.whosehandbagitwasC.whosehandbagisitD.whosehandbagwasit(2015山东临沂)5.Alice,doyouknow________tomorrow?A.whatwehavedoneB.whowillcomeC.wheretheywent(2015山东威海)请将下面的两个简单句合并为含有宾语从句的复合句。1.Whatishissistergoingtodo?IaskJack.IaskJackwhathissisterisgoingtodo.2.Whichschooldoeshewanttogoto?Doyouknow?Doyouknowwhichschoolhewantstogoto?3.WhendidshearriveinBeijing?Iwanttoknow.IwanttoknowwhenshearrivedinBeijing.4.Whywillyoubuyanewhouse?Frankaskedme.FrankaskedmewhyIbuyanewhouse.