高中阅读七选五题型分析和解题方法(无答案)

高中阅读七选五题型分析和解题方法一、题型简介给出一篇约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。二、考查重点主要考察考生对上下文的推理判断能力、对文章基本结构的理解能力以及还原信息、完形短文的能力。（考试说明）三、题材特点以说明文或议论文为主。有时也有记叙文四、选项特点1、主旨概括句（文章整体内容）2、过渡性句子（文章结构）3、注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）4、标题型：短小精悍（名称型短语，祈使句）5、首句型：1）首段首句：点出主题，引出下文。2）中间段首句：本段主题，上下文承接。3）末段首句：文章主题，总结全文。七选五解题技巧一、方法看文章结构找关键词找逻辑关系Step1Structure文章结构WhattoexpectathighschoolAreyousuperworriedaboutwhattoexpectathighschool?Well,guesswhat?Everyoneis!Thefollowingtipswillhelpguideyousafelythroughyourfirstday!BeontimeWhenmeetingsomeonefor….IntroduceyourselfandaskfornamesMakesureyouproperly….Smile!It’stheeasiestwaytoletsomeoneknowthatyou’renice!Befun!…Listen!…Befun!___G_____Thinkaboutthepeopleyoumostenjoybeingwith—usuallytheyarealwaysontheupandup.Beingfunmakespeoplehappyandbrightensthewaytheythinkofyou.Itmakesyouseemlikeyoutrulylovelifeandyoucandealwithanyproblemsthatyouhavetoface.A.Change!B.Askaquestion!C.Classworkisagreaticebreaker.D.Say“hello”andseewhathappens.E.Anddon’tjusttalkaboutyourselfallthetime.F.Eventheshyestpersoncanmanagealittlesmile.G.Weallpreferspendingtimewithpeoplewhomakeusfeelhappy.Howfastcanahomeremodeling(改造)projectbecompleted?___A___Atleast,that’sthetimerequirementofthepopularTVshowcalledTradingSpaces.A.About48hours.大标题大标题——短小精悍，大写小标题小标题——短小精悍，结构一致段首——概括文段，与小标题相呼应段中——承上启下B.Wow!That’sgreat!C.Butyoudidn’tseethatontheshow.D.Theylovedredecoratingtheirneighbors’place.E.Itsometimestakesseveralmonthstoremodelahome.F.ButonecoupleinPortland,Oregon,hatedtheirnewroom.G.Thepeoplewhoappearontheshowareactorsandtheyenjoytheexperience.Theyworkalotmore.Almosteveryextremelysuccessfulpersonworksmorehoursthantheaverageperson—alotmore.Theyhavelonglistsofthingstheywanttogetdone._____D_____A.Theyavoidthecrowds.B.Theyarenevertooproud.C.Decidewhereyouwanttoendup.D.Sotheyhavetoputinlotsoftime.E.Keepinmindsellingisn’tcontrolling.F.Successfulpeopledon’ttrytowinjustonerace.G.Butyou’llworkalotharderifthereisnootherchoice.小结一Structure文章结构大标题小标题段首段中段尾Step2Keywords关键词Beforeyoushakehandswithsomebody,makesurethatyourhandsareclean.Thehandshakeshouldnotbetoostrongorweak.Mostpeopleusetheirrighthands,unlesstheyhaveareasontousetheleft.__C__…A.Itcouldbeasimilartasteinclothesoracommonhobby.B.You’llbeinserioustroubleifyouleavethemwithabadimpression.C.However,don’thaveyourlefthandinyourpocketsbecausethisappearsimpolite.段尾——总结，承上启下同词重复AbirthdaysurpriseNathanwokeupearlyandracedintothekitchen.Hesawhisfamilypreparingtheirbreakfastjustlikeeveryotherday.___B__Wherewashisbirthdaycake?Didhisfamilyforgethisspecialday?…A.Andtherewasnobody.B.Wherewerehisbirthdaypresents?C.Allhesawwasanotnotheground.Don’tforgettowearahelmet(头盔)Whetheryou’reabeginneroranexpert,you’regoingtofall,andsometimesyou’regoingtofallhard.“Iwentdowntoonerunthatwasprettyhard,”Nate,askiinglearner,says,“C”Youdon’thavetobuyalotofexpensiveandnewgear(装备)Someskierswhoownednicewinterjacketscouldn’tgoonthetrip.E“Ihaveaneighborwholetmeborrowsomeofhisgear.Thatwasveryhelpful,”says13-year-oldMattRizer.A.Don’tworryaboutfalling.B.IfeltlikeIwaslearningprettyquickly.C.IfelldownandIwasgladIwaswearingahelmet.D.Don’tthinkthatyouskiwellenoughnottowearahelmet.E.Sotheylenttheirclothestootherskiers.同构词fall–fell（不同时态）beauty–beautifulact–action（不同词性）mate–roommatepolice–policeman（相同词根）同畴词（畴：范畴）jacket(夹克)clothes(衣服)夹克是衣服中的一种。同构复现同构词同畴词如：fruit：apple,orange,banana…furniturebed,table,armchair…sports:running,swimming,jumping…Sometimeskidsaregladtoheara“no”fromtheirparents.__B____A.Therearetwotypesofparentslove.B.Itseemsahappyfeelingtogetoutofparents’control.Whenwechangeourjobsorschools,itoftenleavesuswithoutafriend.__A___Butformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescourage.A.Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople.B.Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch.空格句在段首①段落主题句：阅读后文的内容，推断出段落主题，选出正确选项。②过渡句：在后文找不到解题线索时，就要想到空格句子可能起到承上启下的作用，试着从上一段的结尾处寻找线索。正确选项通常与上一段结尾能够自然地衔接起来。空格句在段尾①总结、概括性句子：阅读选项，先搜寻选项中是否有表总结的词、词组，如inconclusion，insummary,inaword,therefore等等；再看哪个选项是对前文内容的总结、概括。②过渡句：引出下一段的内容。如果在前文中找不到线索，就从下一段的开头寻找提示，看看是否有哪个选项可以和下一段开头形成有机的衔接。③本段所阐述问题的一个方面：段尾的空格句是段落主题下的一个细节，和前文是并列、排比、转折等关系。抓住关联词或段落结构，对比选项，得出答案。类别具体近义词反义词④首段末句：空格句在第一段末尾出现，很有可能是全文的主题句。此时要把握全文主题来分析作答。小结二Keywords关键词同词重复同构复现（相同句型结构，相同词不同结构）同畴词近义词反义词……需要指出的是，词语复现法解题十分管用，但这并不意味着凡与上下文有复现词的选项就一定是正确选项，只是正确的可能性更大，在解题过程中需重点考虑或优选考虑而已。是否为正确答案，还得将选项代入原文，检验选项与上下文能否自然衔接，只有上下衔接紧密的才是正确选项。Step3Logicalrelationship逻辑关系1.__B_However,therealmoviecapitalisMumbai(孟买市),inIndia.A.Sometimestheyevenwritethescriptbyhand.B.MostpeoplethinkthecapitalofthemovieisHollywood,intheUSA.2.__A__Thisisbecausesomepeoplehavecertainqualities,whichothersdonot.A.Somepeoplesucceed,whileothersmaynot.B.Asthefamoussayinggoes,“Nopains,nogains.”3.__A___Intheotherwords,whenyouareinlovewithsomeone,youmayrefusetoseeanythingbadaboutthatperson.A.Anotherproverbsays“Loveisblind.”B.Proverbsarefoundinmostculturesandareoftenveryold.Tip:就近原则转折因果解释4.Takinggoodnotesisatimesavingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways.__B__Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforat