简单句-并列句-复合句

简单句、并列句和复合句一句子可以分为简单句、并列句和复合句:1)简单句:有时句子虽长,但只有一个主谓结构,仍是简单句,例如:YesterdaywewenttoanexhibitiononthelifeandworkofLenin,thegreatrevolutionaryleaderoftheworkingclass.有时一个句子有两个(或两个以上)并列的主语或谓语,也仍然是简单句Therehewasaleaderofthestudentmovementandtookanactivepartinrevolutionarywork.Boththeteachersandthestudentswereveryactiveinphysicallabour.ComradeYangandIoftenstudytogetherandhelpeachother.2)并列句:一个句子如果包含两个或更多的互不依从的主谓结构,就称为并列句。Hewasalwaysclosetothepeople,andthepeoplelovedhim.Ididn'tmakeanymistakesinthetest,butmyhandwritingwaspoor.Somearewalkingbythelake,othersaresittingonthebenchesandchatting.并列的各个部分(即各个主谓结构)称为分句。各个分句用并列连词(如and,but等)连接；在上下文紧密联系的情况下也可不用连词,而以逗号隔开(如上面第三句)。3)复合句:Ihope(希望)youwillhelpmewithmygrammar.(作宾语)Hetookfullnoteswhileheread.(作状语)Myideaisthatwegobybicycle.(作表语)这种作为一个句子成分的主谓结构称为从句(以别于主句,即全句的主要部分)。按照句法作用的不同,从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句、表语从句等等。注:如果一个并列句中某一分句是一个复合句,这种句子称为并列复合句。例如:Hewasverybusy,buthesaidhewouldcome.二。状语从句英语中带状语从句的复合句是很多的。状语从句有的表示时间,有的表示原因、条件等等,因此也可以分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句等等,例如:1)时间状语从句:Afterhefinishedschoolthere,hewenttotheUniversityofKazan.Welivedinthepeasants'homeswhenwewereinthecountryside.ShewasinNanjingbeforeshecamehere.Everytimethecockbegantocrow,hewouldshout:“Getup,youlazybones!”2)条件状语从句:Ifyouhaveanyquestions,writethemonaslipofpaper.3)原因状语从句:Hedidn'tcometoclassbecausehewasill.此外还有“结果”“目的”等等状语从句。状语从句大多数都由从属连词(如after,when,because,if等)引起。由这种词引起的主谓结构不能成为独立的句子,只能作状语从句。连词在句中一般不重读,但在句首可以重读。在使用状语从句时要注意:1)状语从句本身结构必须完整,不能没有主语,例如:Afterhetookthemedicine,hefeltbetter.(吃了药之后他就感到好些了。)Comeagainwhenyouhavetime.(有空的时候请再来。)2)状语从句如在主句的后面,可以不必用逗号隔开；如在主句之前,一般要用逗号。例如:Itwasalreadyeighto'clockwhenwegothome.Whenwegothome,itwasalreadyeighto'clock.3)在时间和条件状语从句中不用“一般将来时”,而以“一般现在时”代替它,例如:I'lltellheraboutthatwhenIseeher.Takethemedicinebeforeyougotobed.We'llgototheSummerPalacetomorrowifitdoesn'train.练习：一、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：1.WeoftenstudyChinesehistoryonFridayafternoon.______________句2.TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.______________句3.Thereisachairinthisroom,isn’tthere?______________句4.MybrotherandIgotoschoolathalfpastseveninthemorningandcomebackhomeatsevenintheevening.______________句5.HeisinClassOneandIaminClassTwo.______________句6.Hewasfondofdrawingwhenhewasyetachild.______________句7.Neitherhashechangedhismind,norwillhedoso.______________句8.Whathesaidatthemeetingisveryimportant,isn’tit?______________句9.Thefarmerisshowingtheboyhowtoplantatree.______________句10.BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.______________句二、判断下列短文中各句是简单句、并列句还是复合句：Ihopeyouareverywell（______句）.I'mfine,buttired（______句）.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm（______句）.Augustisthehottestmonthhere（______句）.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.（______句）Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors（______句）.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat（______句）.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm（______句）.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim（______句）.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest（______句）.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden（______句）.Itdoesn'toftenraininthesummerhere（______句）.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden（______句）.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell（______句）.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden（______句）.MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime（______句）.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy（______句）.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside（______句）.It'sgreat（______句）!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion（______句）.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer（______句）.Idon't,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty（______句）.InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates（______句）.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates（）.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime（______句）.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina（______句）?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep（______句）.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents（______句）.答案一、1、简单句；2、复合句；3、简单句；4、简单句；5、并列句；6、复合句；7、并列句；8、复合句；9、简单句；10、简单句二、Ihopeyouareverywell（复合句）.I'mfine,buttired（简单句）.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm（并列句）.Augustisthehottestmonthhere（简单句）.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.（并列句）Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors（简单句）.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat（并列复合句）.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm（简单句）.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim（复合句）.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest（简单句）.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden（简单句）.Itdoesn'toftenraininthesummerhere（简单句）.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden（简单句）.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell（简单句）.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden（简单句）.MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime（简单句）.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy（简单句）.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside（简单句）.It'sgreat（简单句）!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion（简单句）.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer（简单句）.Idon't,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty（复合句）.InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates（简单句）.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates（简单句）