被动语态讲解及练习

1被动语态（PassiveVoice）【语态】(Voice)（主动语态和被动语态）1、语态的分类：（1）主动语态：动作的执行者作主语。（2）被动语态：动作的承受者作主语。2、被动语态的动词特征：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词(简称：be+p.p.),变否疑。3、被动语态的时态：（1）一般现在时的被动语态：is/am/are+p.p.否定：isn’t/amnot/aren’t+p.p.（2）一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+p.p.否定：wasn’t/weren’t+p.p.（3）一般将来时的被动语态：will+be+p.p.否定：won’tbe+p.p.（4）情态动词的被动语态：must/can/may+be+p.p.否定：mustn’t/can’t/maynot+be+p.p.(5)现在完成时的被动语态:have/has+been+p.p.否定:haven’t/hasn’t+been+p.p.（说明：以上5种为必须要掌握的形式，以下3种为了解的形式。）（6）现在进行时的被动语态：is/am/are+being+p.p.否定：isn’t/amnot/aren’t+being+p.p.（7）过去完成时的被动语态；had+been+p.p.否定：hadn’t+been+p.p.（8）过去将来时的被动语态：would+be+p.p.否定：wouldn’t+be+p.p.e.g.,(1)Theexercisemust____________(finish)today.(2)Football_________(play)intheworld.(3)Mywallet___________(steal)yesterday.(4)Thebridge___________(build)now.(5)Thestory_____________(read)bymeforthreeweeks.4、被动语态的变化步骤：(1)划分主语、谓语和宾语(2)将主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语(3)将主动语态的动词变成be+p.p.形式（要保持原来的时态形式）(注意动词的时态形式和主语的单数和复数形式)(4)将主动语态的主语变成“by+宾格”结构（可以省略）e.g.(1)Peoplenamedthetwopandas“Tuantuan”and“Yuanyuan”.(2)Wewillfinishtheworkintwodays.(3)Wemustprotectforests.(4)Ihavekeptthedogfortwoyears.*(5)Didthedogeatthemeat?*(6)Whohastakethebooksaway?Keys(参考答案):(1)Thetwopandaswerenamed“Tuantuan”and“Yuanyuan”(bypeople).(2)Theworkwillbefinished(byus)intwodays.(3)Forestsmustbeprotected(byus).(4)Thedoghasbeenkept(byme)fortwodays.(5)Wasthemeateatenbythedog?(6)Who(m)havethebooksbeentakenawayby?25、不用被动语态动词：（1）have有（2）look,sound,smell,taste等连系动词（3）takeplace/happen（4）getto/arrive(at/in)/reach到达（5）rise升起,上升（6）ring(铃响)（7）begin/start开始（8）lie躺3※Thebooksellswell.(这本卖得好)※Themeatcookswell.（8）return(回来，回归—不用被动，归还—可用被动语态)（9）leave(离开—不用被动语态，留下/遗忘—可用被动语态)e.g.(1)Theidea________(sound)great.Let’sgotogether.(2)Thestory_________(happen)inUSAtenyearsago.(3)TheOlympics__________(takeplace)inBeijingin2008.(4)Thekindofbicycle______(sell)well.Keys(参考答案):(1)sounds(2)happened(3)tookplace(4)sells6、常用被动语态：（1）belocatedin(2)becoveredwith(3)becalled（4）bemadeof(in/from)(5)bemadeupof(6)beaskedtodosth(7)beinvitedtodosth(8)beusedfordoingsth/todosthe.g.(1)Thestreets_________(cover)withsnowbecauseit__________(snow)heavilylastnight.(2)We________(tell)tocometoschoolyesterday.(3)Manyfriends________(invite)tomybirthdaypartbecauseitismybirthdaytomorrow.Keys(参考答案):(1)wascovered,snowed(2)weretold(3)wereinvited7、动词不定式的省to形式的被动语态：（变被动时，要还原to）※makesbdosth—bemadetodosth）※seesbdosth/watchsbdosth/hearsbdosth/noticesbdosthe.g.(1)Floodsmadepeopleleavetheirhome.(被动语态)(2)Teachersmadeus__________intheclassroom,soweweremade_______ourhomework.A.stay,doB.tostay,doC.tostay,todoD.stay,todoKeys(参考答案):(1)Peopleweremadetoleavetheirhome(byfloods).(2)D8、动词后面跟双宾语：(人在物前不用介词，物在人前要用介词to或for)–只需将其中的一个宾语（要么人，要么物）变成被动语态的主语注意:make/buy/draw常与for连用e.g.makesthforsb/buysthforsbe.g.(1)UncleLigaveusabigdinneryesterday.We____________abigdinner______UncleLiyesterday.Abigdinner_______________________us_____UncleLiyesterday.(2)Dadwillbuymeapresent.I__________________apresent______Dad.Apresent________________________me______Dad.Keys(参考答案):(1)weregiven,by;wasgivento,by(2)willbebought,by;willbeboughtfor,by49、“动词+副词”或“动词+介词“结构在变成被动语态后，介词或副词不能漏掉e.g.(1)Wemustlookafteroureyes.(2)Howdidyoudealwiththedog?Keys(参考答案):(1)Oureyesmustbelookedafterbyus.(2)Howwasthedogdealtwithbyyou?10、同步练习被动语态练习I.选择最佳答案:()1.English__________inBritain.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken()2.Thispopularsong__________byusafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung()3.Thiskindofbike__________inGermany.A.makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade()4.Newcomputers_________inourschool.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused()5.Ourflatmust___________clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep()6.Anewhospital_____________atthecornerofthestreet.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding()7.Thekey__________onthesofawhenIleft.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft()8.Doctors____________allovertheworld.A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed()9.Hisnewbook_____________nextyear.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished()10.French____________ineverycountry.A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking()11.Thesepapers_____________yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten()12.Thesportsmeeting____________behelduntilnextweek.A.didn'tB.won'tC.isn'tD.doesn't5()14.ThetwopandaweretakentoTaiwan______________us.A.forB.inC.toD.by()15.Thebook______________.A.sellsgoodB.sellswellC.issoldgoodD.issoldwell()16.Thebrokenbike_____________herebyOldWang.A.canrepairB.canberepairedC.canberepairingD.canrepairing()17.Thejar__________for___________hotwater.A.used;keepingB.wasused;keepingC.isused;tokeepD.areused;keep()18.Cotton_____________inthesoutheastofChina.A.growsB.isgrownC.weregrownD.willgrow()19.Thebridges__________afewyearsago.A.isbuiltB.builtC.werebuiltD.wasbuilt()20.Thesebabies__________inthehospital.A.aretakengoodcareB.aretakengoodcareofC.takegoodcareofD.takegoodcare()21.Thesebridges__________stone.A.aremadeofB.madeofC.aremadeintoD.madeinto()22.Thesebooks__________bythewriterinthe1980s.A.arewrittenB.werewrittenC.arewritingD.we