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英语句子分类——简单句与并列句ClassificationofEnglishSentences:SimpleSentencesandCompoundSentences1.简单句(SimpleSentences)2.并列句(CompoundSentences)按结构可分为:3.复合句(ComplexSentences)简单句与句子成分1.主语(Subject)表示句子说的是“什么人”或“什么事”。通常由名词、代词、主语从句或动名词短语等充当。例如:1.Myteacherhatestellinglies.(指老师这个人)2.GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinainthepastthirtyyears.(所发生的事情—变化)2.谓语(Predicate)说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。通常由动词或动词短语结合时态、语态、语气等充当。要弄清两个概念:及物动词:后面直接接宾语的动词;不及物动词:后面不能直接接宾语的动词。例如:1.Childrenlikeplayinggames.2.Theyweretalkingaboutanewfilm.3.宾语(Object)常指及物动词或介词后面使之意思完整的词或短语。常由名词、代词、动词不定式或动名词短语等充当。例如:1.Shehasfinisheddoingtheexperiment.2.WelikeEnglishandaregoodatit.4.表语(Predicative)与系动词连用,一起构成谓语,说明主语的性质特征等。常由名词、代词、形容词、数词、短语或从句等充当。英语中常见的连系动词有:look;sound;feel;seem等。例如:1.Hergrandfatherisanengineer.2.Thetwocountrieswereatwarthen.3.Thefactseemsthathedidn’tnoticethecar.5.定语(Attributive)常指修饰名词的词或短语。常由形容词、形容词性物主代词、名词、数词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词短语等充当。例如:1.Theblacksweaterismine.2.Wehaveeightclasseseveryday.3.Thecoffeecuponthetableismine.6.状语(Adverbial)常指修饰动词、形容词或副词的成分,修饰动词时表示动作发生的时间、地点、目的或方式等;修饰形容词或副词时表示它们的程度等。状语常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词短语等充当。例如:1.Theminersworkveryhard.2.SheoftenhelpsMikeatschool.3.Hearingthenews,hecouldn’thelpjumping.7.宾语补足语(ObjectComplement)常指补充说明宾语的成分,逻辑上与宾语是“主谓”关系。常由形容词、名词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词短语等充当。例如:1.Shekeepsthehousecleaneveryday.2.Nobodycallsmealiar.3.Welastsawhimplayingontheplayground.简单句的五种基本句型1)主+动例如:Iwork.我工作。2)主+动+表例如:Johnisbusy.约翰忙。3)主+动+宾例如:ShestudiesEnglish.她学英语。4)主+动+宾+补例如:Timewouldprovemeright.时间会证明我是对的。5)主+动+间宾+直宾例如:Mymothermademeanewdress.我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。并列句1.简单句例句:1.Shegoestoworkeveryday.2.TomandIfoundherthere.3.Weallbreathe,eatandwork.说明:由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子。1.Hearingwhathesaid,everybodylaughed._____2.Moststudentsinmyclasslikeplayingchess.___3.Hisbeinglatemadetheteacherveryangry._____4.ThebooklyingonthedeskisonAmericanhistory._____5.Tofinishthetaskontimeisimpossible._____6.TherearemanykindsofTVsetsonsaleinthatstore._____7.Theredflagswavedinthewind._____8.Mr.Whitewillgiveusatalknextweek.________9.Thisbedseemshard._____VOCPSSVIODOP()1.Theweather____.A.wetandcoldB.iswetandcoldC.notwetandcoldD.werewetandcold()2.Theappletasted____.A.sweetsB.sweetlyC.nicelyD.sweet()3.Hegotup____yesterdaymorning.A.latelyB.lateC.latestD.latter()4.Theactor______attheageof70.A.deadB.diedC.dyedD.deaded()5.____wereallverytired,butnoneof____wouldstoptotakearest.A.We,usB.Us,weC.We,ourD.We,we并列句Whichoneis并列句?1.Heoftenhelpsherandtakesgoodcareofher.2.Hehelpsherandshehelpshim,too.并列句例句:1.Givehimaninchandhewilltakeamile.2.Harrylikeseggs,buthedoesn’tlikechicken.说明:由并列连词(如:and,so,but,or等)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。并列句=简单句+并列连词+简单句并列连词一、表转折的并列连词主要有but(但是),yet(可是),while(而,却),however(然而),still(仍然;尽管如此),onthecontrary(相反),等。我本该早写信的,但我生病了。(but)IwouldhavewrittenbeforebutIhavebeenill.我失败了,但我还要尝试。(yet)Ihavefailed,yetIshalltryagain.你爱打网球,但我爱看书。(while)Youliketennis,whileI’dratherread.雨下得很大,我们却不得不出去。(however)Itisraininghard,howeverwehavetogoout.他不是个吝啬鬼,相反,没有人比他更慷慨了。(onthecontrary)Heisnotamiser,onthecontrary,noonecouldbemoregenerous.我虽然喜欢这顶帽子的颜色,可是不喜欢它的式样。(while)WhileIlikethecolourofthehat,Idonotlikeitsshape.二、表选择关系的并列连词主要or(或者,否则),either…or…(不是…就是…),neither…nor…(既不…也不…),otherwise(要不然)等。如:快点,要不然你就赶不上那班火车了。(or)Makehaste,oryou‘llmissthetrain.当心你讲的话,否则你会后悔的。(or)Becarefulaboutwhatyousayoryoumayregretit.你要么道歉,要么滚开!(either…or)Eithersayyou’resorryorelsegetout!他既不抽烟也不喝酒。(neither…nor)Neitherdoeshesmokenordoeshedrink.要抓住机会,否则你会后悔的。(otherwise)Seizethechance,otherwiseyouwillregretit.注:neither…nor…连接两个句子,注意用倒装语序。三、表平行关系的并列连词主要有and,notonly…butalso…(不但……而且……),when(=andjustatthistime就在这时),on(the)onehand…ontheotherhand,neither,nor等。如:你不仅风趣而且机智。Notonlyareyoufunny,butalsoyouarewitty.他正要上床睡觉,这时电话铃响了起来。Hewasabouttogotobedwhenthetelephonerang.他没有去,他的兄弟也没有去。Hedidnotgo,nordidhisbrothergo.吉姆踢足球,他的兄弟也踢足球。Jimplaysfootballandsodoeshisbrother.一方面我得工作,另一方面我又有许多来访者。OntheonehandIhavetowork,ontheother(hand),Ihaveagreatmanyvisitors.四、表因果关系的并列连词主要有:for(因为),so(所以),therefore(所以),thus(因此)等。如:他摇了摇头,因为他有不同想法。Heshookhishead,forhethoughtdifferently.他让我这样做,于是我就这样做了。Hetoldmetodoit,soIdidit.我对中国不十分了解,所以我无法给你出主意。Idon'tknowmuchaboutChina,thereforeIcan'tadviseyouaboutit.我们相信他会成功的,因为他有才华。Webelievethathewillsucceed,forhehastalent.注意:⑴so不能与because连用。⑵but,while不与although连用,但yet,still可与although连用。1.Bringtheflowersintoawarmroom____they’llsoonopen.固定结构:“祈使句+and+句子”前面的祈使句暗示一种条件,and后面的表结果。2.Findwaystopraiseyourchildrenoften,______you’llfindtheywillopentheirheartstoyou.2.同上。andand一、单句填空运用3.OneFriday,wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendaway______mydaughterheardcriesforhelp.这里的when意为“这时候”。表示正在做某事时,突然又发生另一件事。4.Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday,______hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”higher.因veryhappy与前面的verytired是转折关系,而这两句之间是逗号且没有连词,故填连词but或yet。whenbut/yet5.Ithenrealizedshehadnoarms___legs,justahead,neckandtorso.在否定句中表示并列,用or。6.Hetooktheo1dmannotjustacrosstheriver,____tohishome.搭配:notjust...but(also)...不但…而且;句意为:他不但送老人过河,而且送老人到家orbut7....thegovernmentofadevelopedcountrymaywellprefertoseeaslowlyincre
本文标题:英语句子分类——简单句与并列句
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