世界经济论坛数字世界中的身份社会契约的新篇章英文2018938页

IdentityinaDigitalWorldAnewchapterinthesocialcontractSeptember2018InsightReportWorldEconomicForum91-93routedelaCapiteCH-1223Cologny/GenevaSwitzerlandTel.:[phone]Fax:[phone]Email:[e-mail]©2018WorldEconomicForum.Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orbyanyinformationstorageandretrievalsystem.Ouridentityisprecious;anydigitalidentityprogrammustbebasedonenablingmeaningfultrust,controlandaccountability.Yetevenagreeingtheseprinciplesareprovinghard-implementingthemwillbeevenmoresobecauseofaconfluenceofpolitical,economic,technological,cultural,legalandsocialfactors.AmandaLong,Director-General,ConsumersInternationalEachindividualisunique.Therearemanyfactorsthatdefineusandourhealth,rangingfromourgenesandthewaywemanageourownhealth,totheenvironmentandsocialcontextinwhichweeachlive.ItisvitaltocreateasecureinformationinfrastructurewhereourDigitalIdentitycanenableresearchtofindnewcuresandoptimizedcarepathways,aswellaccesstoqualitycare.JeroenTas,ChiefInnovationandStrategyOfficer,RoyalPhilipsIfdesignedwell,digitalidentitiescanfosterinclusioninalmostallaspectsoflivesintransformationalways.Forsmallholderfarmers,theyholdthepotentialtohelpovercomethepervasiveissuesofsocial,economicandgeographicisolation,andfragmentationwhichareattherootofpoverty.Anddosoatanunprecedentedscale.IshmaelSunga,ChiefExecutiveOfficer,SouthAfricanConfederationofAgriculturalUnions(SACAU)Wemustfinallylearnthattherearenotechnologicalsolutionstocomplexsocio-economicproblems.Weshouldpauseandunderstandthereasonswhyidentityisabarriertosomuch,andremoveunnecessarybarriersinsteadofresortingtocomplexidentitysystems.Wealsoneedtosafeguardagainstpoliticalandfinancialwillsthatbuildidentitysystemsforefficiencyandtargeting,insteadofthewell-beingofindividuals.GusHosein,ExecutiveDirector,PrivacyInternationalWewanteveryonetothriveinthedigitalworld-nooneshouldbeleftbehind.Thatmeanseducatingeveryoneonhowtokeepthemselvesandtheirdatasafeonline,whichissomethingthatweatBarclaysareverypassionateabout.Butitalsomeansensuringuniversalaccesstoasafe,secureandeasytousedigitalidentity,sothateveryonecanconfidentlyunlockthebenefitsofthedigitaleconomy.JesStaley,BarclaysGroupChiefExecutiveOfficer,BarclaysDigitalidentityisapowerfulforceforbothpositiveandnegativehumanexperience.Tocreateadigitalidentitysystemthatispositiveandsustainableforthelongtermwemustdevelopuser-centeredsolutionsthatenhanceusersafety,controlandbenefit.MitchellBaker,ChairwomanoftheBoard,MozillaFoundationandMozillaCorporationWeareonthethresholdofanewmodelofdigitalidentitythatexpandsbeyondindividualstoorganizations,‘things,’devicesandplaces.Itwillprovidethefoundationbywhichourdigitalselveswillinteractwithonlinesystems,controlourconnecteddevices,leveragethelearningsofappliedintelligenceandprotecttheearth’sresources.Gettingthisrightiscriticaltoourfuturegrowth,responsiblyharnessingtechnologyinnovationandenablingabetter,moreresponsibledigitallife.PaulDaugherty,ChiefTechnologyandInnovationOfficer,Accenture3IdentityinaDigitalWorldForewordExecutivesummaryHowtousethispublicationChapter1:ThecaseforgooddigitalidentityIdentity–shapingsocialcontractsDigitalIdentitiesinourdailylivesGrowingcomplexity,andresponsibilityDivergentfuturesFiveelementsof‘good’identityIdentitysystemstoday:ThreearchetypesChapter2:Whatcouldgoodlooklike?Doingdigitalidentitybetter1.Fitforpurpose2.Inclusive3.Useful4.Offerschoice5.SecureChapter3:Lookingahead:trends,opportunities,challengesWhathappensnext?TrendsChallengesOpportunitiesChapter4:Prioritiesforpublic-privatecooperationAppendixI:DesignconsiderationsforpractitionersAcknowledgementsAdditionalreadingEndnotesContents4578991011111217181920212223242525252627293335374IdentityinaDigitalWorldForewordAsmorepeople,devicesandassociatedpersonaldatagetonline,thereisgrowingfocusonafoundationalelementofthisnewdigitalenvironment–ouridentities.Theabilitytoprovewearewhowesaywearewillincreasinglydetermineouropportunitiestoestablishtrustwitheachotherandtocarryoutmeaningfulinteractionsinadigitaleconomy.Allovertheworld,agrowingnumberoforganizations–fromthepublicandprivatesectors–areadvancingsystemsthatestablishandverifydigitalidentitiesforpeople,devicesandotherentities.Thiscommunityisexpandinginscope,growingbeyondtraditionalidentitypractitionerstoincludeabroadersetofactorsexploringthepromisesandperilsofdigitalidentities–fromdomainssuchashealthcare,financialservices,humanitarianresponsesandmore.Yetwearestilllearningwhat“identityinadigitalworld”means.Wearealsostillevolvingpoliciesandpracticesonhowbesttocollect,processoruseidentity-relateddatainwaysthatempowerindividualswithoutinfringingontheirfreedomsorcausingthemharm.Thereissignificantroomtoimprovehowidentitydataishandledonline,andhowmuchcontrolindividualshaveintheprocess.AttheWorldEconomicForum’sAnnualMeeting2018inDavos,adiversegroupofpublicandprivatestakeholderscommittedtosharedcooperationonadvancinggood,user-centricdigitalidentities.Sincethen,abroadergr