必修五：语法-过去分词作宾语补足语

Grammar过去分词作宾语补足语Welcometomyclass一.请判断下列过去分词在句中所作的成分。1.Heisexcitedtoseehisfather.2.Mr.Kinggaveasatisfiedsmile.3.HaveyoueverheardasongsunginJapanese?4.Thatyearendedwithnothingsettled.表语定语宾语补足语宾语补足语二、什么是宾语补足语？•在英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外还要有某个词或词组来补充说明宾语的意义或状态，才能使句子的意义完整，这个词或者词组称为宾语补足语。有些语法书把宾语和补足语称为复合宾语。•1.Wethinkhimclever.•2.EveryonecallshimTom.•3.MybrotherhadthatdoorpaintedlastweekcleverTompainted形容词做宾补名词做宾补过去分词做宾补三.过去分词作宾语补足语•1.Wefoundtheeggeatenbythesnake.•2.You’dbettergetthedangerousbuildingpulleddown.•归纳：1.宾语补足语一般放在宾语______,对宾语起____________的作用。2.英语中过去分词可作宾补，一般表示____________意义，宾语是过去分词动作的对象。3.宾语补足语的一般结构：某些及物动词+直接宾语+宾语补足语之后补充说明被动或完成（一）A.Ifindmymoneystolen.B.Hewatchedtheballoonblownaway.C.Isawanoldmanknockeddownbyacar.归纳：（1）表示感觉和心理状态的的动词，即：____动词如：________________________________感官see,hear,watch,feel,think,find,notice,四.能用过去分词作宾补的几类词：归纳：(2)表示“使”“令”“让”等含有“致使”意义的动词，即：______动词如：________________________使役make,get,have,help,leave（二）A．Whatmadethemsofrightened?B．Ihavehadmybikerepaired.C.HegothisTVsetmended.注意：在“have+宾+-ed分词”这一结构中，have有三种意义：1.表示主动请别人来做某事，即：使某事被别人做Shehadherhaircutyesterday.2.表示遭受到某种不幸的事情Shehadherarmbrokeninanaccident.3.表示使完成某事（事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成）。Hehadthewallspaintedyesterday归纳：(3)表示“_________”等意义的词，如：_________________等。（三）A.Hewon’tlikesuchquestionsdiscussedatthemeeting.B.Heorderedthiswork(tobe)finishedbytomorrow.C.Theywishabridgebuiltintheirhometownoneday.意愿、命令或者希望want,wish,like,order归纳：(4)过去分词用在“______+宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系（四）A.Allafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.B.Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.with温馨提示：在“with+宾语+宾补”结构中，当介词的宾语和后面的动词构成_____关系时，则用现在分词（doing）做宾补。若侧重表示____的动作，则用不定式（todo）做宾补。Eg.1.Withtheboyleadingustothevillage,wesavedalotoftime.2.Withsomuchhomeworktofinish,Ican’tcometothepartytonight.主谓将来五、过去分词作宾补现在分词作宾补的区别•1.英语中过去分词可作宾补，一般表示被动或完成的意义，有时候两者兼而有之。宾语是过分词动作的对象。Eg.1.Wehaveourclassroomcleanedafterschooleveryday.（classroom与cleaned之间为逻辑上的被动关系）2.WhenIgothome,Ifoundmywalletgone.•(“丢”这一动作在“回到家”之前已经完成)2.用现在分词做宾补，表示动作正在进行，且与宾语构成主谓关系。Eg.WhenIcamehere,IsawlileireadinganEnglishbook.(“读书”这个动作正在进行)1.Clairehadherluggage_____anhourbeforeherplaneleft.A.checkB.checkingC.tocheckD.checkedExercise2.Idon’twantthechildren_____outinsuchweather.A.takeB.totakeC.takenD.taking3.Wearepleasedtoseetheproblem___soquickly.A.settledB.settleC.issettledD.settling4.Youmustgetthework___beforeFriday.A.doB.todoC.doingD.done5.Acookwillimmediatelybefiredifheisfound___inthekitchen.A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smokedHomework:（一）填空1.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork______________(finish),hegladlyacceptedit.2.---DidPeterfixthecomputerhimself?---Hehadit_____(fix),becausehedoesn’tknowmuchaboutcomputers.finishedfixed3.Shecan’tseethewordsontheblackboard,sosheneedstohavehereyes_____________(examine).4.Withthetask____________(finish),wehadahappyweekend.5.Onthetopofthehill,Icouldseesmoke__________(rise)fromthechimneysinthevillage.examinedfinishedrising6.ThisisthefirsttimethatIhaveheardthepoem_________(speak)inEnglish.7.Iwaswonderingwhytheykeptthedoor________(lock)forsuchalongtime.8.Helenhadtoshouttomakeherself__________(hear)abovethesoundofthemusic.spokenlockedheard（二）.完成下列句子。1.他刚下车，就发现钱包被偷走了。Themomenthegotoffthebus,_______________________________2.皮特在医院把坏牙拔了。_______________________________hefoundhiswalletstolen.Petergothisbadtoothpulledoutinthehospital3.对不起，让你久等了。_____________________________4.她听到门哐的一声关上了。_____________________________I’msorrytohaveyouwaiting.Sheheardthedoorshutwithabang.Thankyou!