高考形容词与副词常考点

一、考查形容词和副词的基本用法形容词在句中一般作定语、表语、补语，而副词在句中主要作状语。如：(1)Tomsoundsverymuch______inthejob,butI’mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.(2006安徽)A.interestedB.interestingC.interestinglyD.interestedly解析：句中sounds意为“听起来”，是系动词，后接表语，要用形容词，排除C和D；又因表示“对……感兴趣”，用interested。答案是A。(2)Wedon'tcareifahuntingdogsmells______,butwereallydon'twanthimtosmell______.(1995上海)A.well;wellB.bad;badlyC.well;badlyD.badly;bad解析：句意是：“我们不在乎猎狗闻起来难闻，但是我们确实不希望它的嗅觉力差。”前者smell是系动词，后接形容词，后者smell是行为动词，用副词来修饰；此外well作形容词是表示人身体好、气色好，用在此句中不行，只能作副词用。答案是B(3)Theseorangestaste_______.(1991全国)A.goodB.wellC.tobegoodD.tobewell解析：因taste(尝起来)是系动词，后要接形容词作表语，故选A。(4)—Whatanicefireyouhaveinyourfireplace!—DuringthewinterIlikemyhouse______.(2005上海春)A.warmlyandcomfortablyB.warmandcomfortableC.warmandcomfortablyD.warmlyandcomfortable解析：在宾语后补语要用形容词。答案是B。(5)Shedoesn'tspeak________herfriend,butherwrittenworkisexcellent.(1993全国)A.aswellasB.sooftenasC.somuchasD.asgoodas解析：由语境可知，前一分句的意思是：“她不如她朋友说得好。”修饰动词speak，用副词well。答案是A。(6)Hedrivesmuch________thanhedidthreeyearsago.(1981全国)A.carefulB.carefullyC.morecarefulD.morecarefully解析：由than可知要用比较级，排除A和B；修饰动词drives要用副词作状语，排除C。答案是D。(7)______,somefamousscientistshavethequalitiesofbeingbothcarefulandcareless.(2004上海春)A.StrangelyenoughB.EnoughstrangelyC.StrangeenoughD.Enoughstrange解析：由语境可知，选项是修饰整个句子的状语，应用副词，排除选项C和D；又因enough修饰副词要放在所修饰的副词后，排除B。答案是A。二、考查形容词作定语的后置规律形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但下列三种情况形容词要后置：①形容词短语作定语时；②表语形容词作定语时；③修饰复合不定代词时。如：(8)_______totakethisadventurecoursewillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills.(2000全国)A.BraveenoughstudentsB.EnoughbravestudentsC.StudentsbraveenoughD.Studentsenoughbrave解析：由enough要放在所修饰的形容词brave之后，排除选项B和D；braveenough与后面的不定式构成形容词短语作定语，要放在所修饰的名词students之后，排除A。答案是C。(9)Allthepeople______atthepartywerehissupporters.(2002北京)A.presentB.thankfulC.interestedD.important解析：因为要在名词后作定语，选项中只有present(出席的，在场的)这个表语形容词作定语才可以放在所修饰的名词后，故选A。三、考查多个形容词作定语的排序多个形容词修饰名词时，其排序规律是：(限定词+程度副词+)描绘+大小(长短、高低)+形状+年龄(新旧)+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词。如：(10)JohnSmith,asuccessfulbusinessman,hasa______car.(2004辽宁)A.largeGermanwhiteB.largewhiteGermanC.whitelargeGermanD.Germanlargewhite解析：large是“大小”，German是“产地”，white是“颜色”；其排列顺序应当是“大小+颜色+产地”。故选B。(11)______studentsarerequiredtotakepartintheboatrace.(2004浙江)A.TenstrongyoungChineseB.TenChinesestrongyoungC.ChinesetenyoungstrongD.YoungstrongtenChinese解析：根据“限定词+形容词+名词”，数词属于限定词，选出A和B来；再根据“描绘(strong)+大小(young)+国籍(Chinese)”，所以选A。(12)The_____housesmellsasifithasn’tbeenlivedinforyears.(2004江苏)A.littlewhitewoodenB.littlewoodenwhiteC.whitewoodenlittleD.woodenwhitelittle解析：因为little是限定词，应放在形容词前面，排除C和D；表示颜色的应放在表示物质材料的形容词的前面，所以只有A对。答案：A(13)This_____girlisLinda’scousin.(2005北京)A.prettylittleSpanishB.SpanishlittleprettyC.SpanishprettylittleD.littleprettySpanish解析：pretty是描绘性形容词，little是表示大小的形容词，Spanish是表示国籍的形容词，所以，它们的排序是prettylittleSpanish。答案是A。注：限定词的排序：前位限定词(指量限定词all,both,half等；倍数词double,twice等；分数词one-third,two-fifths等)+中位限定词(冠词，指示代词，形容词性物主代词，名词所有格)+后位限定词(序数词及last,next等；基数词及few,several等)。如：(14)Thehusbandgavehiswife______everymonthinordertopleaseher.(2004重庆)A.allhalfhisincomeB.hishalfallincomeC.halfhisallincomeD.allhishalfincome解析：all和half都是前位限定词，his是中位限定词，所以his要位于all和half之后，故选A。(15)－HowwasyourrecentvisittoQingdao?－Itwasgreat.Wevisitedsomefriends,andspentthe______daysattheseaside.(1995全国)A.fewlastsunnyB.lastfewsunnyC.lastsunnyfewD.fewsunnylast解析：sunny与day的关系最密切，要紧靠day，或者根据last和few是限定词，要放在描绘性形容词sunny的前面，排除选项C和D；凭语感或由学过的inthelastfewyears可知，last要放在few前，排除选项A。答案是B。四、考查副词在句中的位置规律副词修饰形容词或其它副词时，一般位于被修饰词的前面，但enough却要放在被修饰的形容词或副词的后面。如：(16)AlthoughshedidnotknowBostonwell,shemadeherway______totheHomeCireleBuilding.(2006湖南)A.easyenoughB.enougheasyC.easilyenoughD.enougheasily解析：因makeone’swayto是固定词组，意为“前往”，修饰动词made要用副词，排除选项A和B；副词enough修饰形容词或副词，要放在后面，排除D。答案是C。(17)IfIhad______,I'dvisitEurope,stoppingatthesmallinterestingplaces.(1998全国)A.alongenoughholidayB.anenoughlongholidayC.aholidayenoughlongD.alongholidayenough解析：形容词long要放所修饰的名词holiday前；副词enough要放在所修饰的long之后，故选A。此外，①频度副词always,usually,often,never等一般放在行为动词前，或者情态动词、助动词或be动词之后。②表示方式的副词通常放在“动词(+宾语)”之后；③同时有表示时间、地点和方式的副词时，其顺序一般为：方式＋地点＋时间。如：(18)______Iwenttotherailwaystationtoseemyfriendoff.(1991全国)A.AftereatingquicklymydinnerB.AftermyquicklyeatingdinnerC.AftereatingmydinnerquicklyD.Aftereatingmyquicklydinner解析：quickly是表方式的副词，通常位于“动词(+宾语)”之后，故选C。(19)They’renotverygood,butwelike______.(2000上海)A.anywaytoplaybasketballB.toplaybasketballwiththemanywayC.toplaywiththembasketballanywayD.withthemtoplaybasketball解析：like后应直接接宾语toplaybasketball，状语放在宾语后。答案是B。(20)－WillyougivethismessagetoMrBaker,please?－Sorry,Ican't.He________.(1992全国)A.doesn'tanymoreworkhereB.doesn'tanylongerhereworkC.doesn'tworkanymorehereD.doesn'tworkhereanylonger解析：doesn’t后应紧跟动词原形work，排除选项A和B；地点状语要放在时间状语前面，排除选项C。答案是D。五、考查–ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别-ed形容词，通常说明人，意为“(某人)感到……”；-ing形容词通常说明事物，意为“(某事物)令人……”或“令人……的(事物)”。如：(21)Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents_____.(2004重庆)A.worriedB.toworriedC.worryingD.worry解析：表示人(parents)“感到忧虑的”用-ed形容词作宾补，故选A。(22)Itisbelievedthatifabookis______,itwillsurely______thereader.(2003上海)A.interested;interestB.inter