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Chapter10IntroducingandConcludingYourSpeechIthinktheendisimplicitinthebeginning.Itmustbe.Ifthatisn’tthereinthebeginning,youdon’tknowwhatyou’reworkingtoward.Youshouldhaveasenseofastory’sshapeandformanditsdestination,allofwhichislikeaflowerinsideaseed.----EudoraWeltyFunctionsofSpeechIntroduction•GettheAttentionofYourAudience•StateYourTopic•EstabilishtheImportanceofYourTopic•EstabilishYourCredibilitytoSpeakonYourTopic•PreviewYourKeyPoint•PutItAllTogetherGettheAttentionofYourAudience•Questionyouraudience•Arousecuriosity•Stimulateimagination•Promisesomethingbeneficial•Amuseyouraudience•Energizeyouraudience•AcknowledgeandcomplimentyouraudienceQuestionYouraudienceAspeakercangetanaudienceinvolvedwiththespeechthroughtheuseofquestions,eitherrhetoricalordirect.RhetoricalQuestion:aquestiondesignedtostimulatethoughtwithoutdemandinganovertresponse.Directquestion:aquestionthatasksforanovertresponsefromlisteners.ArouseYourAudience’sCuriosityAlivelywaytoengagethemindsofyourlistenersisthetechniqueofsuspense.Getthemwonderingwhatistocome.StimulateYourAudience’simaginationAnotherwaytoengagethemindsofyourlistenersistostimulatethierimaginations.Todothis,youmustknowwhatreferentstheyshare,andthisrequiressomegoodaudienceanalysisonyourpart.PromiseYourAudienceSmoethingBeneficialIfyoucanpromiseyouraudiencesomethingthatmeetsoneormoreoftheirneeds,yousecusetheirattentionveryquickly.AmuseYourAudienceTheuseofhumorcanbeoneofaspeaker’smosteffectiveattention-gettingstrategiesGettingtheaudiencetolaughwithyoumakesthemalertandrelaxedYoucanusehumortoemphasizekeyideasinyourspeech,toshowafavorableselfimage,ortodefuseaudiencehostilityOrganizetheConclusionoftheSpeechFunctionsofaSpeechConclusion•Summarizeyourkeyideas.•Activateaudienceresponse.•ProvideclosureEnergizeYourAudienceApositiveadditude,appropriatedress,aconfidentwalktotheplatform,directeyecontact,afriendlysmile,astrongvoice,andforcefulgesturesgiveanintroductionasmuchimpactasanoftheprecedngstrategies.StateYourtopicOnceyouhavetheattentionofyouraudience,statethetopicorpurposeofyourspeechdirectlyandsuccinctlyForaninformativespeech,yourstatementofpurposetypicallytakestheformofasimpledeclarativestentence.Today,iwllshowyouhowyoucanimproveyourstudyskills.EstablishtheImportanceofYourTopicThethirdgoalinorganizingtheintroductiontoyourspeechshouldconcincethelistenersthatthetopicisimportanttothemYouwanttomotivatethemtolistenfurtherEstablishYourCredibilitytoSpeakonYourTopicThefourthgoalofaspeechintroductionistoestablishyourcredibilitytospeakonyourtopic.Yourlistenersshouldunderstandwhyyouselectedyourtopicandshouldbelievethatyouarequalifiedtospeakonit.PreviewYourKeyIdeasAfinalobjectiveinorganizingyouintroductionisthepreview,inwhichyoutelluswhatyou’regoingtotellusThepreview,workinglikeamap,showsafinaldestinationandrevealshowthespeakerintendstogetthere.Asaresult,theaudiencecantravelmoreeasilythroughthebodyofthespeechOrganizetheConclusionoftheSpeech•Summarizeyoukeyideas.•Activateaudienceresponse.•Provideclosure.SummarizeYourKeyIdeasInthesummaryyou“telluswhatyoutoldus.”Thesummarystepgivesthelisteneronelastchancetohearandrememberthemeanpointsofyourpresentation.Thus,thesummarystepreinforcestheideasofthespeechandbringsittoalogicalconclusion.ActivateAudienceResponseThesecondstepofaspeechconclusionistoactivateanaudienceresponsebylettingyourlistenersknowwhetheryouwantthemtoaccept,remember,use,believe,oractonthecontentofyourspeech.Ifyouhavespokenonatopicthatyoufindinherentlyinteresting,hopingtogenerateaudienceinterestbycommunicatingyourenthusiasmaswellasyourinformation,thisisyourlastopportunitytoinvigorateoranimateyourlistenersaboutthesubject.ProcideClosureAfinalsummaryofyourkeyideasisimportant,endingaspeechonthesummarystepisunsatisfying.Yourshouldnothavetotelllistenersthatthespeechisfinished.Yourwording,aswellasyoudeliery,shouldmakethisclear.IFyoursummaryconcludesyourspeechlogically,youractivationandclosurestatementsendthespeechpsychologically.Aneffectivefinalstatementtiesthespeechtogetherandprovidesastrongnoteoffinalityorclosure.SummaryTheintroductionshouldachievefivegoals:1.Gettheattentionofyouraudience2.Stateyourtopicorpurpose3.Stresstheimportanceorrelevanceofyourtopic4.Establishyourcredibilitytospeakonyourtopic.5.Previewthekeyideasyouwillbedevelopinginthebodyofthespeech.Aneffectiveconclusionmustdothreethings1.Summarizeyoukeyideas,orbringyourspeechtoalogicalconclusion2.Secureyourlisteners’commitmenttoyourinformationandideas3.Provideclosure,orbringthespeechtoasatisfyingpsychologicalconclusion.Chapter10IntroducingandConcludingYourSpeech
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