初三英语语法复习-被动语态+动词不定式+动名词

8动词（Verb）13动词的被动语态（PassiveVoice）3TheActiveVoice:（主动语态）ThePassiveVoice:（被动语态）主语是动作的执行者.sb.doessth.某人做某事主语是动作的承受者．Sth.bedonebysb.某事被某人做／某事被做（被某人）主动语态与被动语态的区别被动语态的结构be+vt.p.p.ManypeopleEnglish123isspoken主动被动speakEnglishbymanypeople．１．先找出谓语动词，将其之后的宾语主语２．将其主语by+宾格３．根据时态，动词变化do/doesam/is/are+PP主动语态被动语态主动语态改为被动语态的三个步骤1.一般现在时：2.一般过去时：3.一般将来时：do/doesam/is/are+PP.didwas/were+PP.willdowillbe+PP.三种时态的被动语态结构情态动词的被动语态结构情态动词＋do(can/may/must/should/oughtto)情态动词+be+PP.4.现在完成时：has/havedonehas/have+been+PP.ArecorderisoftenusedbyMrs.Lee.Mrs.Leeoftenusesarecorder.often,useLookandsayuseTip:一般现在时S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词fortakingphotos.Peopleusecamerasfortakingphotos.People(bypeople)camerasCamerasareusedusephotosLookandsayManypeoplestartworkveryearlyinthemorningbecausealotofworkhastobedoneatthattime.Milk__________(deliver)fromhousetohousebymilkman.Streets___________(sweep)bystreetsweepers.Thevegetablesandfruit_________(sell)inthemarket.DimSum(点心)_________(cook)Inthestallsetc.SimplepresenttenseAglanceatdailylifeisdeliveredaresweptaresoldiscookedReadandsayrobyesterdaySomeonerobbedthebankyesterday.Thebankwasrobbedyesterday.LookandsaysendupIn2008ScientistssentupShenzhouVIIintospacein2008.Scientists(byscientists)ShenzhouVIIShenzhouVIIsentupwassentupin2008.Tip:一般过去时S+was/were+过去分词LookandsayAjewelleryshop_________(rob)yesterdayevening.Alotofvaluableringsandnecklaces__________(steal).Butwhatthethiefdid_________(see)byaboywholivedNeartheshop.Sothethief__________(catch)thismorningandthepilferage(赃物)__________(find)athishome.CasefocusSimplepasttensewasrobbedwerestolenwasseenwascaughtwasfoundReadandsaysoonThemanwillgiveatalksoon.Atalkwillbegivenbyhimsoon.LookandsayTheengineerswillbuildahighrisesoon.Tip:一般将来时S+will/begoingto+be+过去分词bytheengineerssoon.AhighrisewillbebuiltLookandsaysoonSimplefuturetenseRewritethesentencesintopassivevoice1.ThestudentswillchoosetheprojectnextJuly.Theproject_____________________nextJuly.2.Heisgoingtobooktheticketsforthematchsoon.Theticketsforthematch___goingto__________soon.3.BettywillsingussomeEnglishsongs.SomeEnglishwill__________tousbyBetty.4.Howsoonwilltheyfinishthesehighrises?Howsoonwillthesehighrises______________?willbechosenisbebookedbesungbefinishedThehouseshavebeendestroyedbytheflood.LookandsayTip:现在完成时S+has/have+been+过去分词Choosethebestanswer1.Allthepreparationforthetask____,andwe’rereadytostart.A.completedB.completeC.hadbeencompletedD.havebeendone2.----Howlong____atthisjob?----Since1990.A.wereyouemployedB.haveyoubeenemployedC.hadyoubeenemployedD.willyoubeemployedChoosethebestanswerChoosethebestanswer3.--Didyoumoveintothenewhouse?--No.Therooms___yet.A.werebeingpaintedB.arepaintingC.havenotpaintedD.havenotbeenpaintedDailytalkWemustsendthemtothehospital.Theymustbesenttothehospitalbyus.mustsendDailytalkWemustplantthetreesontheground.Tip:情态动词S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词mustWe(byus)thetreesThetreesmustplantmustbeplantedontheground.Thisisasoldier’sroom.Itisinamess.Whatshouldbedone?ModalwordsWhatcanbedonetomaketheroomlookmorecomfortable?ThedoorsweepThebedmakeThedisheswashThechairfixThoseratsclearawayTherubbishbinemptyApicturehangonthewallThewallpaintSomeflowersputinavaseonthetable….Readandsay1.英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时,或者只需强调动作的承受者时:要用被动语态(PassiveVoice)2.被动语态的构成：be+vt.p.p.人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。巧记为：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。主动语态如何改成被动语态？4.一般现在时——am／is／are+vt.p.p.一般过去时——was／were+vt.p.p一般将来时——willbe／begoingtobe+vt.p.p.现在完成时——has／have+been+vt.p.p.情态动词——modalv.+be+vt.p.p.1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。2.把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。巧记为：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。3.把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)注意保持时态和人称的一致。5.带双宾的谓语动词有两种改法。当把直接宾语改成主语时，谓语动词后必须加适当的介词:to,for.如：givesth.begiventosb.此类动词还有：pass,show,send…buysth.beboughtforsb.此类动词还有：draw,make,cook,paint,do6.一些动词不定式在主动语态中省略to作宾语补足语，改成被动语态时，to必须还原。make/letsb.dosth.sb.bemade/lettodosth.不用被动语态的动词1.不及物动词（vi.)e.g.happen,appear,disappear2.连系动词（Link.v.)如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become…3.当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候Thiskindofsweater_______(sell)well.sells1.BothEnglishandFrench_________(speak)inCanada.2.Morethan100trees___________(plant)inourschoollastspring.3.Anotherdormitorybuilding__________(build)nextyear.4.______baseball_________(play)inyourschool?5.It_____________(cando)thisway.6.Thissong__________(notlike)bymostofus.7.Platesanddishes_______________(notwash)aftersupperyesterday.8.Wastepaper__________________(shouldthrow)inthelitterbins.9.Tomorrow'smeals_____________(notcook)byFather.10.Yourbicycle_______________(mustnotput)here.arespokenwereplantedwillbebuiltIsplayedcan’tbedoneisnotlikedwerenotwashedshouldn’tbethrownwon’tbecookedmustn’tbeput1.Thechildsawabeautifulkiteflyinginthesky.Abeautifulkite______________flyinginthesky.2.Therestaurantsellsfoodanddrinkstochildrenatnoon.Foodanddrinks______________tochildrenatnoon.3.WeplantedmorethanonethousandtreesonMarch.12th.Morethanonethousandtrees______________onMarch12th.4.Mr.Shawshowedusaroundhisfar,lastweekend.We______________aroundMr.Shaw’sfarmlastweekend.5.TheyteachJapaneseintheirschool.Japanese__________