城乡家庭资本与子女的学业成就_蒋国河

2006年8月第22卷第4期教育科学EducationScienceAug.,2006Vol.22No.4蒋国河1,闫广芬2(1.南开大学社会学系,天津300071;2.南开大学高等教育研究所,天津300071)12通过对科尔曼布迪厄资本理论的综合与扩展,本文分析了城乡家庭经济文化社会资本的差异对子女学业成就的影响,得出的结论是:家庭经济文化社会资本与子女的学业成就有很强的相关性;城乡间家庭资本存在的较大差距是形成城乡家庭子女学业成就差异的重要因素本文最后提出了几点关于缩小城乡教育差距的政策建议12家庭资本;社会资本;城乡教育差异;教育政策12G40-05412A121002-8064(2006)04-0026-05,,,GerbertHout,,(Ger-bert,andHout1995)[1]Hiroshi10,,,(Hiroshi1995)[2],,,,();,,,/0,,500,492,984%,490,99.6%:,,,,,,,,,,13,,(Shavit,andBlossfeld1993)[3]HoutMMI,,,,,,(Raftery,andHout1993)[4],,,,,,,1988,,,,(Coleman,1988)[5],#26#122006-04-0312(1975-),,,,;(1964-),,,,:(physicalcapital),(humancapital),,,,:;;,,,,:(,),,,,:,;,();,(),/,,,,0(1998)[6],,:,,,,,,(),,,();,:;;;();,,,(一)家庭资本在学业成就中的表现1(score)PearsonCor-relationSig.(2-tailed).272(**).188.245(*).175.005.055.012.074.201(*).045(*).351(**).000.360(**).000.346(**).000.151.124.302(**).002.314(**).001-.198(*).049.459(**).000.582(**).000.136.167.235(*).015.385(**).000**Correlationissignificantatthe0.01level(2-tailed).*Correlationissignificantatthe0.05level(2-tailed).1,,,,,,,0.005,,,,0.045,,,,,,,,,,0.351,0.000,#27#,,0.000,0.0020.001,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,0.459,0.000,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(二)城乡家庭资本的差异,,,,,2(%)(M)(%)(M)PearsonCorrelationSig.(2-tailed)428511.199(*).04836.137.51.83.685.780.826.928.8.322(**).279(**).458(**).468(**).001.003.000.0006294.515555.6.201(*).045(*).351(**).00053.657.7.146.13248.278.8.350(**).0003.625.052.117.91.403.840.438.513.5.553(**).00044.617.3-.366(**).0006.06.3.063.52014.365.4.204(*).03434.652.6.198(*).0498.917.7.252(**).009**Correlationissignificantatthe0.01level(2-tailed).*Correlationissignificantatthe0.05level(2-tailed).2,83,0.199,0.048,,2.47¹,2,,26.928.8,1.83.6(9),,,30(9),,2,,1.4%,13.5%,,2,,14.#28#3%,65.4%,.,,,2,,,º,,,,,,,,,,:1.,,,,,,,,,,,2.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,/0,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?,(),,,,,,,,,,,(Coleman1988),:;;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,/0,,,,(),,:#29#,,;;,,,,,,,,,,12¹520056,562936.49421.6,3.21,,;,520056,,,º,8,,1?8,612112TheodoreP.Gerber,andMichaelHout.1995./EducationalStratificationinRussiaduringtheSovietPeriod.0AmericanJournalofSociology101:611-660.122HiroshiIshida.1995.Classorigin,ClassDestination,andEdu-cation:ACross-NationalStudyofTenIndustrialNation.Amer-icanJournalofSociology101:145-193132Shavit,Yossi,andBlossfeld.1993.PersistentInequality:Chan-gingEducationalAttainmentinThirteenCountries.BoulderCo:WestviewPress.142Raftery,AdrianE.andMichaelHout.1993.0MaximallyMain-tainedInequality:Expansion,Reform,andOpportunityinIrishEducation./SociologyofEducation66:41-62152JamesS.Coleman.1988./SocialCapitalintheCreationofHu-manCapital0.AmericanJournalofSociology94(s):95-120.162[]#,[].))),,[M].:,1998,212.CorrelationAnalysisonFamilialCapitalandEducationalAttainmentDisparitybetweenRuralandUrbanJIANGGuo-he,YANGuang-fen(SociologySchool,HigherEducationInstitute,NankaiUniversity,Tianjin,China)Abstract:WithintegrationandexpansionofColeman.sandBourdieu.stheory,thearticlediscussestheeffectoffamilialcapitaldisparitybetweenruralandurbanoneducationalattainment.Itargues,thatfa-milialcapitals,economic,cultural,social,allhavestrongcorrelationwithchildren.seducationalattain-ment,andthatthefamilialcapitaldisparitybetweenruralandurbanissignificantonthedisparityofedu-cationalattainmentbetweentheruralandtheurban.Intheend,theauthorgivessomepiecesofpolicyadviceonreductionofthedisparity.Keywords:familialcapital;socialcapital;disparityofeducationalattainmentbetweenruralandurban;educationalpolicy#30#