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2011年11月MonitoringandEvaluatingODAThispresentationwillcoverWhymonitor?Whyevaluate?MonitoringintheWorldBank,othermulti-lateraldevelopmentbanks,bilateraldonorsEvaluationintheWorldBank,othermulti-laterals,bilateraldonorsWhatismonitoring?•Definitionofmonitoring:acontinuousprocessthatusessystematiccollectionofdataaboutprogressinanon-goingdevelopmentproject,forusebymanagersandotherstake-holdersWhymonitor?•Toimproveimplementationofon-goingprojects;mustprovidepracticalinformation•Toassesswhetherdevelopmentobjectiveslikelytobemet•Toidentifysystematicissuesandrisksacrossprojects,bycountry,bysector,andoverall•ToprovideinputforexpostevaluationWhatisEvaluation?•Definitionof(expost)evaluation:assessmentofacompletedproject,program,orpolicy,itsdesign,implementation,andresults.Whyevaluateandwhocares?•Why?Tworeasons:•Tolearnfromexperience•Toprovideaccountability•Whouses(orshoulduse)evaluations:•BoardsofDirectors(MDBs)andMinistersandDirectorsGeneralforoversight;•ODAmanagersforpoliciesandstrategies;•ODAstaffforprogramandprojectdesigns,waysofdoingbusiness;•Clientcountries,externalpartners,andthepublicforpolicies,aligningprograms,researchM&EincontextWorldBankcommits/disburses$20-23billion/year;Approves~280loansandcredits/year;activeloanportfolio:~1,400in120countriesBankalsoprovidesgrantsandothernon-lendingservices(diagnosticwork)Bankhastotaladministrativebudgetof$2billion•MostotherMDBscommit$1–6billion/year•BilateralODA:$200million(Greece,Luxembourg,NewZealand,Portugal)-$25billion/year(USA)•Bilateralagencieshaveadministrativebudgetsof$11million(Luxembourg)to$700million(Japan)MonitoringintheWorldBankEveryon-goinglendingoperationismonitoredbyvisitsfromBankstaffabouttwiceayear;Implementationstatusandresults(ISR)reportissuedtwiceeachyear:ProgressonimplementationProgressinmeetingdevelopmentobjectivesProblemprojectsidentifiedPortfolioatriskreports–separatemethodology–updatedmonthlyOtherqualitycontrolactivitiesincludequalityatentryreviews;qualityofsupervisionEvaluation:thetopicsSelfevaluationIndependentevaluation:whyitmattersTools:projects;sectors;countries;etc.Coverage:howmanyevaluationsResources/budgetMainchallengeforevaluationDisclosureOtherEvaluationIssuesSelf-EvaluationintheBankSelfevaluationintheBank:Everyprojecthasanimplementationcompletionreport,donebystaffofresponsibleunit(about280/year)Everynewcountryassistancestrategynowhascompletionreportcoveringpreviouscountryassistancestrategy,donebystaffofresponsibleunit(about20/year)Self-evaluationinotherdonorsMulti-lateralinstitutions:almostallMDBshaverequirementforself-evaluation,althoughinsomeMDBs(AsianDB,EBRD,EIB),theevaluationdepartmentisinvolvedBilateraldonors:somerequireforprojectsovergivenvalue,othersdon’t;SDC(Swiss):externalevaluatorsdoself-evaluation;GTZ(German)hasinnovativeeVAL(electronic)system.IndependentevaluationWhatisindependence?Theextenttowhichtheevaluationunit:•ReportsdirectlytoaBoardorothergoverningunit;•Hasstaff,budget,andfunctionsindependentfrommanagement;notinvolvedwithmanagementofODA•Behavesindependentlybyissuingobjective,impartial,andbalancedreportsIndependentevaluationIntheWorldBank,independentevaluation,since1973,haslookedlikethis:BoardofDirectorsInstitutionalIntegrityPresidentPaulWolfowitzIndependentEvaluationGroupInternalAuditingSVP&ChiefEconMDOperationsCFOSVP&GenCounselInspectionPanelMDOperationsIndependentevaluationInbilateraldonors,independentevaluationhasevolvedtolooklikethis:MinistryofForeignAffairsEvaluationUnitDirectorGeneralAidagencyOperationalunitOperationalunitOperationalunitIndependentevaluationWhyindependencematters:Allowsforobjective,unbiasedevaluationsEvaluationfindingsarenottailoredtomanagement’swishesIndependencelendscredibilitytofindingsIndependencedifficulttoachieveandmaintainEvaluationTools:WorldBankProjectevaluationsImplementationCompletionReport(ICR)reviewsProjectperformanceassessmentreviews(PPARs)CountryevaluationsCASCompletionReport(CASCR)ReviewsCountryassistanceevaluations(CAEs)Sector,thematic,globalevaluationsProcessevaluationsCorporateevaluations(ARDE,AROE)EvaluationTools:interactionsSynergiesamongdifferentevaluationtoolscanprovidevaluableinputGlobal(Globalprograms)EvaluationtoolsintheWorldBankCorporate(ARDE)Sector(finance,education)Thematic(gender,decentralization)Process(PRSP)CountryAssistanceEvaluationCASCRReviewCASCRReviewICRReview(validationofself-evaluation)ProjectPerformanceAssessmentReviewCountryAssistanceEvaluationICRReview(validationofself-evaluation)ProjectPerformanceAssessmentReviewProjectlevelCountrylevelSector,thematic,policylevelGlobalandcorporatelevelEvaluationCoverage:WorldBankICRreviewsProjectPPARCASCRreviewsCAEsSectorreviews#/year(%total)280(100%)70(25%)~20(100%)~7(30%)~6--Sitevisit√√√Elapsedtime90days6-12months3-5months1year1-2yearsEvaluationcoverageInmostMDBs,fullrangeofevaluations:project,country,sector,thematicevaluationsInmostbilaterals,fewprojectevaluations;somecountrylevel;mostfocusonthemesorprogramsMostbilateralsproduces3-10evaluations/yearDFIDproduces20-25re