Decision房屋及交通工具的决策

Chapter8第八章TheHomeandAutomobileDecision房屋及交通工具的決策PrenticeHallInc.2SmartBuyingProcess聰明購買的步驟Step1:Doyourhomework步驟一:做家庭作業Isthepurchasea“need”or“want”?你的購買是基於”需要”或是“想要”?Consideralternativeproductsandfeatures.考慮替代物Doesthepurchasefityourbudget?購買符合你的預算嗎?Step2:Makeyourselection步驟二:做抉擇Comparisonshop:price,productfeatures,andquality.比較商店、價格、產品特色與品質Beinformed:checklibraryandWebsources.多元化的資訊:查詢圖書館或上網資訊PrenticeHallInc.3SmartBuyingProcess(cont’d)聰明購買的步驟(續)Step3:Makeyourpurchase步驟三:購買行動Negotiatetheprice.議價Evaluatefinancingalternatives.評估對財務的影響Completethepurchase.完成購買行動Step4:Maintainyourpurchase步驟四:維持購買權力Resolvecomplaints;keepgoodrecords.解決不滿意的問題，保持良好的紀錄PrenticeHallInc.4TransportationNeeds交通工具的需求Step1:Narrowingyourchoice步驟一:縮小你的選擇範圍Step2:Pickingyourvehicle步驟二:選擇車子Step3:Makingthepurchase步驟三:完成購買Step4:Thelease-versus-buydecision步驟四:租賃或購買的決策Step5:Maintainingyourpurchase步驟五:購車的維護Step6:Consumerprotectionandyourcar步驟六:購車與消費者的保護PrenticeHallInc.5Step1:步驟一NarrowingYourChoice:縮小你的選擇範圍Consideryourlifestyleandneedsversuswants.衡量你的生活型態及所需的車種Lookatthealternatives.比較其影響力Fityourcarintoyourbudget;calculatethepayment.計算付款額讓夠符合你的預算PrenticeHallInc.6Step2:步驟二PickingYourVehicle選擇車子Doyourcomparisonshoppingviatheinternetorpublications:透過網路或公共資訊去比較Compareprice比較價格Comparefeatures比較性能Comparequality比較品質Determinewhatisavailableinyourpricerange.計算何較符合你的價位Test-drivetheexactvehicleyouareconsidering.你所考慮的車子做ㄧ道路駕駛測試PrenticeHallInc.7Step3:步驟三PrenticeHallInc.8MakingthePurchase完成購買Takeadvantageofsales,butnegotiatetheprice:利用購買優勢，並進行議價Knowthedealer’scostofthevehicleandanyholdback.知道汽車經銷商的成本價與任何佣金Understandthevariousdealermarkups.明瞭不同經銷商的報價Beawareofanyrebate(s)thatmayapply.知道可能會有哪些折扣PrenticeHallInc.9Step3:步驟三MakingthePurchase(cont’d)完成購買(續)Evaluatefinancingalternatives:評估財務選擇性Determinethelengthoffinancing.計算借款期限的長短Shoparoundtofindthebestinterestrate.找出最好的利率Chooseafinancingperiodandratetogiveyouanaffordablemonthlypayment.選擇一個你負擔的起的借款期限與利率Consideralease:考慮租賃Negotiateafairvehiclevalueandalowrentorfinancecharge.決定合理的汽車價值及租金與借款條件Chooseavehiclewithslowdepreciation.選擇則折舊率低的車種PrenticeHallInc.10Step4:TheLease-Versus-BuyDecision租賃或購買的決策Closed-endleases,orwalk-awayleases:封閉式租賃Normallyofferapurchaseoption通常提供一個優先購買權Requirethedealertoberesponsibleforresale要求經銷商負責再將車子賣出Accountforabout80%ofallleases有80%的車屬於封閉式租賃Open-endleases:開放式租賃Comparethemarketvaluetothelease’sresidualvalueofthevehicle租約到期時，車子的剩餘價值與市價去比較其差額Aretobeavoidedbecauseyoupaythedifference避免選擇它，因為你可能要付這一筆差額PrenticeHallInc.11WhenisLeasingaGoodOption?何時選用租賃的時候？Ifyouarefinanciallystable你的財務狀況是穩定的Ifyoudrivelessthan15,000milesannually你的行車里程數不超過15,000公里Ifyoutakegoodcareofyourvehicles你相當會照顧你的車子Ifyouuseyourvehiclesforbusinesstravel你使用車子做商務旅遊Ifyoudonotmodifyyourvehicles你不改裝你的車子Ifthevehicleyouareconsideringdoesn’tdepreciatetooquickly如果你所考慮使用的車種折舊損耗不是很迅速PrenticeHallInc.12CalculatingYourMonthlyLeasePayment計算你租賃的月付額Yourleasepaymentdependsonthefollowingfactors:你的租賃月付額須視下列因素而定Agreed-uponprice相互認定的汽車價值Up-frontfees其他的外加費用Downpaymentortradeallowance自備款或其他Residualvalue租約期滿的汽車價值Rentorfinancecharge租金或財務費用Lengthofthelease租約期間的長短PrenticeHallInc.13Step5:步驟五MaintainingYourPurchase購車的維護Readtheowner’smanualandperformregularmaintenance.詳讀汽車使用者手冊，並保持正常維修Don’tignorewarningsignals.不要忽略警告訊息Chooseagoodgarage;checktrainingandexperience.挑選一個好的修護廠，受過正規訓練且經驗老到的PrenticeHallInc.14Step6:步驟六ConsumerProtectionandYourCar購車與消費者的保護Knowanduseyourwarranty.瞭解並使用你的保證條款Usethe“lemonlaws,”ifnecessary,togetarefund:如果必要，使用”檸檬法案”以爭取償還Made4attemptstofixtheproblem做四個步驟來解決問題Caroutofserviceatleast30daysduringthe12monthsafterpurchaseorthefirst12,000miles車子的問題經過30天以上無法解決，或是購買車後12個月內或是行駛里程數12,000公里內PrenticeHallInc.15ComparingOptionsforHousing住宅的選擇Houses–typicallysingle-family,free-standingdwellings房屋─典型的單一家庭或獨棟住宅Cooperatives–multi-unit合作公寓─複合式或單一住宅Condominiums–multi-unitdwellings共同管轄─複合式或單一住宅Plannedunitdevelopments(PUDs)–plannedwithcommonland單位計劃開發─共同的土地共同分擔開發計畫Apartmentsandotherhousing–multi-unitdwellings公寓和其他住宅─複合式或單一住宅PrenticeHallInc.16HousingOptions:房屋的選擇Houses房屋Advantages:優點Morespace更多的空間Greaterprivacy較好的隱私權Buildsequity建物的公共設施Disadvantages:缺點Maintenancetimeandcosts維修費時且費成本Repaircosts修理成本Resalehassles在銷售時的困擾PrenticeHallInc.17HousingOptions:房屋的選擇`Cooperatives合作公寓Corporate-owneddwellingsinwhichtheresidents,asshareholders,ownstockrepresentativeofthevalueoftheirunit.Monthlyhomeowner’sfee.是由一家公司所擁有的公寓或是社區公寓，居住者就是這家公司的股東，每個月須支付房屋擁有費Advantages:優點Lowmaintenance低維修費Moreamenities更多的公共設施Highersecurity安全性高Disadvantages:缺點Lowercapitalappreciation較低的增值利益Difficulttosell較不易出售Lessprivacy較少的私人空間Hardertofinance較難融資PrenticeHallInc.18HousingOptions:房屋的選擇PrenticeHallInc.19Condominiums共同管轄Residentshavesoleownershipofthelivingspacebutjointownershipofthelandandcommonareas.Monthlymaintenancefee.居住者擁有單一的生活空間，但是是共同持有土地與公共設施。每月支付維修費用Advantages:優點Lowmaintenance維修費用低Moreamenities更多的福利設施Highersecurity較高的安全性Disadvantages:缺點Lowercapitalappreciation較低的增值利益Difficulttosell較不易出售Lessprivacy較低的隱私性PrenticeHallInc.20HousingOptions:房屋的選擇PlannedUnitDevelopments