现在完成时及动词变化

现在完成时定义1.表示过去不确定的时间发生的动作，对现在有影响。2.表示过去发生并持续到现在的动作。规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：(1）、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。work---worked---worked,visit---visited---visited(2）、以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。live---lived---lived,(3）、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将y变为i，再加“ed”。study---studied---studied,cry---cried---cried(4）、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。stop---stopped---stopped,drop---dropped--dropped不规则动词：ABC型原型过去式过去分词原型过去式过去分词beginbeganbegungivegavegivenbearboreborn,bornegowentgoneblowblewblownknowknewknownbreakbrokebrokengrowgrewgrownchoosechosechosenlielaylaindrawdrewdrawnrideroderiddendrivedrovedrivenriseroserisendo/doesdiddoneringrangrungflyflewflownshakeshookshakenforgiveforgaveforgivensingsangsungforgetforgotforgotten,forgotbewas/werebeenfreezefrozefrozensinksanksunkwritewrotewrittenswimswamswumtaketooktakenthrowthrewthrownwearworeworndrinkdrankdrunkseesawseenAB型原型过去式过去分词原型过去式过去分词cancouldwillwouldmaymightbewas/wereshallshouldAAA型原型过去式过去分词原型过去式过去分词burstburstburstputputputcastcastcastsetsetsetcutcutcutshutshutshuthithithitspreadspreadspreadhurthurthurtletletletcostcostcostreadreadreadAAB型ABA型原型过去式过去分词原型过去式过去分词beatbeatbeaten,beatbecomebecamebecomerunranruncomecamecome特殊情况readreadread(read原形发音为/ri:d/，过去式和过去分词发音为/red/)ABB型原型过去式过去分词原型过去式过去分词bringbroughtbroughtsellsoldsoldbuyboughtboughtshootshotshotbuildbuiltbuiltsaysaidsaidburnburntburntsitsatsatcatchcaughtcaughtstandstoodstooddigdugdugshineshoneshonefeelfeltfeltsweepsweptsweptfightfoughtfoughtsleepsleptsleptfindfoundfoundteachtaughttaughtfeedfedfedtelltoldtoldgetgotgotthinkthoughtthoughthanghung,hangedhung,hangedwinwonwonhearheardheardwindwoundwoundholdheldheldmakemademadekeepkeptkeptmeanmeantmeantlaylaidlaidmeetmetmetleadledledpaypaidpaidloselostlostlendlentlentleaveleftleft