大学英语四级冠词练习

冠词用法讲练（一）冠词的位置1)在名词词组中，冠词一般放在最前面。例如：thelastfewdaysareallygoodconcert2)名词词组里如果有all,both,exactly,just,many,quite,rather,such,what等词，这类词可以放在冠词之前。例如：allthetimeboth(the)brothersexactlythewrongcolourjusttherightplacequiteanicedayratheramesssuchafunnystory3)和as,how／however,so,too连用时,形容词放在冠词之前。例如：He’snotsobigafoolasyouthink.She’sascleveragirlasyou’reeverlikelytomeet.Thisistooheavyabagformetocarry.Howlargeanarmchairdidhehave?Howevertiringadayshemayhave,sheneverloseshergoodhumour.（二）不定冠词(IndefiniteArticle)1)a／an表示“任何一个(类)”，只能用于单数可数名词前。例如：Wearehavingacommitteemeetingthisafternoon.a／an不用于不可数名词前。例如：Therewillbediscussionandargumentatthemeeting.Hedrinksmilkeveryday.2)不可数名词用作可数名词时，可用a／an。例如：I’vejustboughtalovelybigDanishcheese.Idon’tlikecheese.Shewasinspiredwithanewcourage.Sheshowedgreatcourage.3)用于表示价格、速度、比率等名词前，如fivepenceakilo,sixtykilometersanhour,fourtimesaday等。4)用于下列这样的固定短语中。如acouple,adozen,halfadozen,ahundred,alotof,agreatmany,agreatdealof,alargeamount／quantityof,agoodnumberof等。I’vedoneagreatdealofworktoday.(不可数)Whatalargenumberofbooksyouhave!(可数)It’sagoodfivemiles(=atleastfivemiles,perhapsmote)tothestation.5)以元音开头的单词前不定冠词用an,如：anapple,anegg,anitem,anoldman,anumbrella,anhour;以辅音开头的单词前不定冠词用auniversitystudent,ahumorousman。EXERCISElA.Putaoranbeforeeachofthefollowing:1.motel(汽车游客旅馆)2.unusualapproach3.honestboy4.awkwardsituation5.exit(出口)6.urgentmessage7.uniqueopportunity8.extremelyexcitingfilmB．TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish：1．一座新办公楼2．一位旅行社代理人3．一位美国科学家4．一天的郊游5．一张印度邮票6．一次心脏病发作7．一个先进国家8．一个有意思的剧本EXERCISE2Fillintheblankswithaoranwherenecessary:1.Telephoneisveryimportantmeansofcommunication.2.Mothersoftentellsmallchildrenstoriesbeforebedtime.3.I'llpayyouthousandyear.It’snotenormoussalarybutafterallyouarecompletelyunskilledworker.4.—You’11getshockifyoutouchlivewirewiththatscrewdriver(螺丝起子).Whydon’tyougetscrewdriverwithinsulated(绝缘的)handle?5.—I’mnotwage-earner;I’mself-employedman.Ihavebusinessofmyown.—Thenyou’renotworker;You’recapitalist!6.—Ihavehourandhalfforlunch.—Ionlyhavehalfhour—barelytimeforsmokeandcupofcoffee.7.Ittravelsatjustunderthousandmileshour.8.Ihaveneverknownsuchhotweather.EXERCISE3Insertaoranwherenecessary:A．1.Ihadverybadnight;Ididn’tsleepwink(眨眼；打盹).2.Thismanhashonestythatweallappreciated.3.Mr.BrownhadvisionofnewandhappierEurope.4.It’stimeyouhadholiday.Youhaven’thaddayoffformonth.5.Thereishourlyserviceofbusesinthisroute.6.Itisgreathonourtobeinvitedtosuchgathering.7.1wouldn’tclimbmountainfor$1,000!Ihavehorrorofheights.8.Childrenusuallylearnthedifferencebetweenrightandwrongatearlyage.9.Ican’ttellyoudefinitelyyet.I'llhavewordwithmywifeaboutitandtellyouourdecisiontomorrow.10.Ifboyisnotmakingsatisfactoryprogressatschool,hisparentsshouldseekadvicefromhisteacher.B．1.Thisisbigproblem,butnottoobigproblemforustosolve.2.Hehadsquarenose,greyhairandbrownskin.Shehadneverseensohandsomeman.3.Howevergreatdisasterhesuffered,Johnnevergaveup.4.Manyshipwreckedsailorhasbeenrescuedbyourbravecoastguards(海岸警卫队).5.Suchurgentneedrequirespromptaction.6.Sourgentneedrequirespromptaction.7.ThisisaslovelypictureasIhaveeverseen.8.Idon’tthinkyourealizewhatseriouscrisisthisis.9.Youcanhardlyhopetosucceedwheremanygreatermanhasfailed.10.Howseriouscrimehadbeencommittedwasnotrealizeduntilmuchlater.（三）定冠词(DefiniteArticle)1)定冠词的基本特性实际上所有名词（专有名词将另行讨论）前都可能用定冠词the。究竟用不用定冠词，主要取决于我们所表达的思想。如果我们要给予某个名词以明确的、限定的、特指的意义，就用the；反之，就不用the。请看下列句子：12Ilovebooks.Putthebooksontheshelf.Butterisnotcheap.ThebutterIboughtisnotcheap.Hewenttoworkbycar.Herodetoworkinthenewcar.Hehasgainedstrength.Hehasregainedthestrengthhelost.Ilikemusic.Ilikethemusiccomposedbytheyoungman.a)一般用于带有修饰语的名词词组前，但并非所有带修饰语的名词都需要the。例如：Don’tyouthinkGeorgianhousesareabsolutelylovely?Stainlesssteel(不锈钢器皿)hasmanyuses.Ican’tsayIcareformodernart.上面三句中斜体部分的名词虽然都有修饰语，因没有明确限定而是泛指一类事物，故不用the。下面三句斜体部分的名词则表示提到过的，特指的事物，要用the：TheGeorgianhouseshavebeensold.Thestainlesssteelwasbeautiful,butIthoughtmostoftheglass（玻璃器皿）theyexhibitedwasratherunimaginative.Theyshowedawonderfulselectionoftheimpressionists,butthemodernartwastoolimitedinitsrange.b)也用于有后置修饰语的名词词组前。例如：TheoldhouseswhicharemostworthvisitingareintheImperialCity.Thesteelofthegunbarrelshasgonerusty.Theartoftheeighteenthcenturyhasneverbeensurpassed（超过）．上面三句中的形容词从句和介词短语明确了是什么样的房子（whathouses），什么样的钢（whatsteel）和什么样的艺术（whatart），故用the。下面三句同样有形容词从句和介词短语修饰名词，但是它们只指这些名词属于某一类事物，并非特指，故不用the。例如：Houseswhichfailtosatisfytheseminimumrequirementsaretobepulleddown.Steelofgreatstrengthisneededforthemanufactureofguns.Artintheeighteenthcenturyprobablyplayedamoreimportantpartinpeople’slivesthanitdoestoday.EXERCISE4Fillintheblankswiththewherenecessary:1.Theengineersfoundthatsteelwasofinsufficientlyhighquality.Steel,Isuppose,isthemostimportantsingleproductofthemodernindustrialworld.2.Largeforestscanhaveanimportantinfluenceonclimate.Forestshaveallbeencutdown.3.Naturewasprobablyhischiefsourceofinspiration（灵感，鼓舞）.Natureoftheproblemwassuchastoarousehisinterest.4.Educationoflittlechildrenhasbeengreatlyneglected.Publiceducationmustbegreatlyextended.5.Theexploration（探索）ofspacehasbecomeoneofthec