互联网时代政府网络舆情监管与应对研究

I中文摘要随着互联网的快速发展和普及，人民群众网络问政意识不断增强，国内外热点事件在网络上引起的关注和反响也日趋激烈。由于互联网具有开放性、即时性、传播性、自由性等特点，网络也由此成为公众表达意愿和诉求的重要平台，网络舆情也随之形成。网络舆情在很大程度上影响着政府政策的制定和执行，正面网络舆情对政府工作的促进作用毋庸置疑，但负面网络舆情对政府管理也产生了很多消极影响，因此网络舆情越来越得到各级政府的重视。但对于如何妥善应对处置网络舆情，从中央到地方，各级政府仍存在许多不足之处。锦州市作为西部欠发达省份，在网络舆情的监管和应对上也存在一些普遍性和特殊性的问题，这些问题对地方经济发展和社会政治稳定产生了一些不利影响，提升锦州市政府部门的网络舆情监管与应对能力成为政府部门面临的一项当务之急的工作。因此，本文选择对锦州市政府部门的网络舆情监管与应对问题进行研究。本论文首先对网络舆情的内涵进行了界定，并将政府监管理论作为研究视角进行了相关分析，之后，对锦州市政府部门网络舆情监管的对象、内容，以及监管与应对的方式进行了阐述。紧接着，本文在理论分析的基础之上分析了锦州市政府部门监管与应对网络舆情存在的问题主要有：网络舆情监管理念滞后，监管思路定位偏差；监测预警机制不完善，预警技术手段落后；应对处置方式简单，方法不当；信息公开制度不完善，公开措施不得力；网络应对机构不健全，人员专业素质不强。在借鉴了国内外政府部门一些先进的网络舆情监管与应对的经验基础上，本文认为锦州市政府部门应当从做好网络舆情监测监控，及时准确掌握网络舆情态势；健全政府信息公开制度，及时有效处置应对网络舆情；强化网民和网络运营商自律意识，营造文明健康的网络环境；完善锦州市网络舆情监管法律制度，提供政府部门的监管应对制度保障等方面，来提升监管和应对网络舆情的能力。关键词：网络舆情；政府；监管；锦州市IIABSTRACTWiththerapiddevelopmentandpopularizationofInternet,themasses’awarenessoftakingpartinpoliticalaffairshasraisedconstantly,theattentionandtheresponsetothehotissuesathomeandabroadonthewebisalsoincreasingfiercely.BecausetheInternethascharacteristicssuchasopenness,immediacy,transmissibilityandfreedom,thenetworkalsobecomesanimportantplatformtoexpressthepublic’swishesandappeal;therefore,thenetworkpublicopinionhasbeenformed.Toagreatextent,networkpublicopinionaffectstheformulationandimplementationofgovernmentpolicies.Thereisnodoubtthatpositivenetworkpublicopinioncanpromotetheworkofthegovernment,andnegativenetworkpublicopinionhasalotofnegativeinfluenceongovernmentmanagement,sothegovernmentsatalllevelsbegintopaymoreandmoreattentiontothenetworkpublicopinion.Buttherearestillmanydeficienciesonhowtodealwithnetworkpublicopinionproperlyforallgovernments,fromcentraltolocallevels.Asalessdevelopedwesternprovince,Gansuprovincealsohassomeproblemsofuniversalityandparticularityonsupervisinganddealingwiththenetworkpublicopinion.Theseproblemsexertalotofadverseinfluenceonlocaleconomicdevelopmentandsocialstability,soitbecomesatopprioritytasktoimprovenetworkpublicopinionsupervisionforGansuprovince.Therefore,thispaperchoosestoresearchtheproblemofgovernmentsupervisiononnetworkpublicopinioninGansuprovince.Thepaperdefinestheconnotationofnetworkpublicopinion.Anditmakesthecorrelationanalysisfromtheperspectiveofthegovernmentregulationtheory.Afterthat,itexpoundstheobjects,contentsandmethodsofgovernmentsupervisiononnetworkpublicopinioninGansuprovince.Then,thepaperanalysestwocasesaboutgovernmentsupervisiononnetworkpublicopinioninGansuprovincewhichareTheeventofjuniorhighschoolstudentsweredetainedbecauseofpostinginGansuprovinceandSo-calledTianshuimunicipalpartycommitteesecretary-generaldrunkendrivingincident.Basedonthem,thepaperanalysistheproblemsexistinginthegovernmentregulationandsupervisiononnetworkpublicopinioninGansuprovincewhichmainlyinclude:Thelackofregulationconceptofnetworkpublicopinion;Deviationoftheorientationonregulationthinking;Monitoringandearlywarningmechanismisimperfect;Earlywarningtechnologyfallsbehind;Responseissimpleorimproper;Informationdisclosuresystemisimperfectandmeasuresarenoneffective;Networkmechanismisnotsound,professionalqualityisnothigh.BasedonthereferencetosomeexperiencesthoseadvancedIIInetworkpublicopinionsupervision,thispaperarguesthatthegovernmentdepartmentsinGansuprovinceshouldimprovetheabilitytosuperviseanddealwithnetworkpublicopinionfromthefollowingaspects:Tomonitornetworkpublicopinionwell,graspitstrendtimelyandaccurately;Toimprovethesystemofgovernmentinformationdisclosure,disposalthenetworkpublicopiniontimelyandeffectively;Tostrengthentheself-disciplineawarenessofinternetusersandnetworkoperators,buildcivilizedandhealthynetworkenvironment;ToperfectthelegalsystemofnetworkpublicopinionsupervisionofGansuprovince,providetheinstitutionalguaranteeofthegovernmentsupervision,etc.Keywords:Networkpublicopinion;Government;Supervision;Gansuprovince目录1.绪论..................................................11.1研究背景....................................................11.2研究意义....................................................21.3相关研究综述................................................31.4研究思路和研究方法..........................................42.政府网络舆情监管的理论基础............................52.1核心概念的界定..............................................52.1.1舆情的涵义...........................................................................................................52.1.2网络舆情的涵义...................................................................................................52.2的网络舆情监管理论基础.......................................72.3政府部门网络舆情监管的对象...................................82.3.1新闻跟帖...............................................................................................................82.3.2网络论坛...............................................................................................................92.3.3博客.......................................................................................................................92.3.4微博.....................................................................................................................