自动白平衡算法的研究与实现

1009－2552201203－0085－04TP301．6A200246、。ResearchandapplicationofautomaticwhitebalancearithmeticSHIRongInformationScienceandTechnologyCollegeofEastChinaNormalUniversityShanghai200246ChinaAbstractThispaperintroducesthebasicprincipleofwhitebalancearithmeticinvestigatinganddiscussingthecharacteristicsandlimitationsofnormalwhitebalancearithmetic．Strictmathmodelandarithmeticprocessaregivenoutandtheorybaseandapplicationavediscussedaswell．Theconclusionisdrawnaftercomparingandanalyzingthemeritsanddemeritsappliedrangeanddealingresults．Keywordswhitebalancegrayworldarithmeticperfectreflectorassumptioncolortemperatureestimation0。。。11．1“”blackbody。“”。。。。1．2WBwhitebalance。。。。RGBR=G=B=255。RGB。2VC6．0C。2011－10－131987－。—58—2．1BMP2．1．1BITMAPFILEHEADERUINTbfType//0x4D42＇BM＇DWORDbfSize//UINTbfReserved1//0UINTbfReserved2//0DWORDbfOffBits//。2．1．2BMP。40。BITMAPINFOHEADERDWORDbiSize//LONGbiWidth//LONGbiHeight//WORDbiPlanes//1WORDbiBitCount//1416825624DWORDbiCompression//01BI_RLE82BI_RLE4DWORDbiSizeImage//LONGbiXPelsPerMeter//LONGbiYPelsPerMeter//DWORDbiClrUsed//DWORDbiClrImportant//BMP16RLE4256RLE8。2．1．3RGBQUAD。RGBQUADRGBQUADBYTErgbBlue//0～255BYTErgbGreen//0～255BYTErgbRed//0～255BYTErgbReserved//0RGBQUADBITM-APINFOHEADERbiBitCountbiBitCount=148216256biBitCount=24R、G、B。BITMAPINFOBITMAPINFOBITMAPINFOHEADERbmiHeader//RGBQUADbmiColors1//RGBQUADrgbReserved“0”RGBQUAD、“0000ff00”。2．22．2．1GWGrayworldAssumptionRGB。。1Rave=Gave=Bave1RaveGaveBave。RGB1BA=KRaveRBGA=KGaveGBBA=KBaveBBK=Rave+Gave+Bave32RaveGaveBave。—68—2．2．2PRPerfectReflectorAs-sumption。R+G+BYCbCrY。PR。RA=RWRmaxRBGA=GWGmaxGBBA=BWBmaxBB3RmaxGmaxBmaxRWGWBW255。。。2．2．3GWPRQCGPQuadraticCombiningGW＆PR。QCGPGWPR。QCGPRaveGaveBaveRmaxGmaxBmax。4RGB。urR2ave+vrRave=KaveurR2max+vrRmax=KmaxKave=Rave+Gave+Bave3Kmax=Rmax+Gmax+Bmax34uv。RA=urR2B+vrRB5RBRA。GB。2．2．43。①。RGB0。YCbCr。YCbCr=0．2990．5870．114－0．1687－0．33130．50．5－0．4187－0．0813RGBYCbCr。。NakanoY＞χ－α＜Cb＜α－β＜Cr＜{β6χαβ。YCbCr。6。CbCr6。Lee6－γ＜Cb+Cr＜γ7CbCr。YCbCr。YCbCrYCbCr。67Y－|Cb|－|Cr|＞φ81。CbCr。YCbCrYCbCr。②。。—78—1CbCr0CbCr00μν。CbCrλμν。。。③RGB。RGB0～255。3VC6．0。2。2RGB。RGBRGB255。。Y－|Cb|－|Cr|＞180a＜Y＜bab。。。。。。93—88—10。K。。1010b。103、。504794%。20093．5%。。4、。、。。。1HaritaogluIHarwoodDDavisL．W4WhowhenwherewhatArealtimesystemfordetectingandtrackingpeopleC．IEEEIn-ternationalConferenceonAutomaticFaceandGestureRecognition．Nara1998222－227．2WrenCAzarbayejaniADarrellT．Real-timetrackingofthehu-manbodyJ．IEEETransactionsonPatternAnalysisandMachineIntelligence1997197780－785．3LIPTONAFUJIYOSHIHPATILR．Movingtargetclassificationandtrackingfromreal－timevideoC．FourthIEEEWorkshoponApplicationsofComputerVision．Princeton19988－14．4BarronJL．PerformanceofopticalflowtechniquesJ．InternationalJournalComputerVision1994321242－771．5HamidMahiniShohrehKasseiFaezehDorrietal．Anefficientfeatures－basedlicenseplatelocalizationmethodC．Proceedingsofthe18thInternationalConferenceonPatternRecognition．LosAlamitosCAUSAIEEEComputerSocietyPress2006841－844．6．J．2007431206－208211．7．BPJ．2007242240－243．8．AdaboostJ．20063212187－188214．9．VisualC++M．2．2008．10StaufferCGrimsonWEL．Adaptivebackgroundmixturemodelsforreal-timetrackingC//Proceedings．1999IEEEComputerSocie-tyConferenceonComputerVisionandPatternRecognitionCat．NoPR00149．IEEECompute．Soc．19992．櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀881．J．2005173529－533．2．CCDJ．2007313488－490．3．J．·2008296804－807．4．J．20091155－59．5．GrayWorld－RetinexJ．2008236663－667．6．J．．7．J．2005229185－188．8TominagaSEbisuiSWandellBAColortemperatureestimationofsceneilluminationC．Proc．TheSeventhColorImagingConfe-renceColorScienceSystemsandApplicationsNov．199942－47．9BarnardKMartinLCoathB．AcomparisonofcomputationalcolorconstancyalgorithmsJ．FuntIEEETrans200289－93．10FinlaysonGDHubelPMHordleyS．ColorbycorrelationC．ColorImagingConferenceNov．19976－11．11FinlaysonGDHubelPM．ColorbycorrelationAsimpleuni-fyingframeworkforcolorconstancyJ．S．HordleyIEEETrans．PatternAnal．MachineIntell．2320011209－1221．—39—