孔子英文PPT

ConfuciusExperienceYoungerdaysHewasfromadecliningaristocratic(贵族)family.Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasthreeyearsold,andhewasbroughtupinpoverty.Inhisyoungerdays,heworkedasacowherd（牧童),clerk(文书)andlecturer(讲学,讲师).Attheageof23,Confuciusbegantoacceptdisciplesinandgavelecturesinthecountryside.(乡间讲学收徒)MaturedaysBytheageof40,hesetupanacademytopopularizeConfucianism.Byacceptingstudentsfromallsortsofbackgrounds,hebrokethetraditionofeducationonlyfortheupperclasses.（办私学）Hetraveledwithhisdisciplesfromstatetostateandpresentedhispoliticalideastodifferentrulersonlytoberepeatedlyrebuffed.（周游列国）Story（丧家之犬）OnceConfuciusseparatedwithhisdisciples,Confuciusstayedinadazebesidethegate.ZigongaskedthepeopleinZhengState:“WhereisConfucius?”.Theysaidanoldmanwhostayedattheeastgateofthecitywallwasjustlikeanoutcastinadaze.■WhichsixliteratureshavebeencompiledbyConfucius？■HowmanydisciplesdidConfuciushave?Forexample,whoarethey?Confuciushadthreethousanddisciples,ofwhich72aresages,suchasYanHui,ZiLu,ZiGong,RanYou.•Shi--《诗》•Shu--《书》•Li--《礼》•Yi--《易》•Yue--《乐》•ChunQiu-《春秋》■HowmanyyearsdidConfuciustravel?14years.Once,whenYanHuiwascookingporridge,somethingdirtyfellintothepot.Inordernottowastefood,heatethedirtyricegrains.However,thisscenewasjustseenbyConfuciusandhethoughtYanHuishowednorespecttohimandatehimselffirst.Aftertheexplanation,Confuciussighed:Whenpeoplebelievethatitistheireyes,andwhentheireyesareunreliable,theycanrelyontheirhearts,buttheirheartsarealsoinshortsupply.Thisteachesusalessonthattruthofthemattermustbejudgedonthebasisoffactsandscience.Experienceandseeingareoftensubjective.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?ScenicAreaTheTempleofConfucius,Qufu•TheTempleofConfuciuswasusedtooffersacrifices(祭祀)toConfucius.•Itisagroupofgrandbuildingsbuiltinorientalstyle.•ItisoneofthethreeancientarchitecturalcomplexesinChina.TheMansionofConfuciusLocatedinQuFu,ShandongProvince，theMansionofConfuciuswasaplacewheredescendantofConfuciuslived.TheCemeteryofConfucius（孔林）TheCemeteryofConfuciusisthefamilycemeteryofConfuciusandhisdescendants.FiveConstantVirtues•ren仁•yi义•li礼•zhi智•xin信ren•ThecoreofConfucianism•Humaneness(慈悲)andbenevolence(仁慈)•ToLovepeople•Universalloveyi•Righteousness(正义)andjustice•Abovematerialgains•Responsibilityanddedicationli•Rituals,custom,thegreatestprincipleofliving•Proprietyandrespect•Tomaintainharmony①Ifamanhasnohumanenesswhatcanhisproprietybelike?Ifamanhasnohumanenesswhatcanhismusicbelike?②Onlythehumanecanloveothersandhateothers.③Inpracticingtherulesofpropriety,itisharmonythatisprized。④Thegentlemanknowswhatisright;themeanpersonkeepshismindonlyongains.君子喻于义，小人喻于利。人而不仁，如礼何？人而不仁，如乐何？唯仁者能好人，能恶人。礼之用，和为贵。renyizhi•ReasonandWisdom•Todistinguishbetweenrightandwrong•ToguideyouractionEverydayIexaminemyselfonthesethreepoints:Inactingonbehalfofothers,haveIalwaysbeenloyaltotheirinterests?Inintercoursewithmyfriends,haveIalwaysbeentruetomyword?HaveIfailedtorepeatthepreceptsthathavebeenhandeddowntome?Translation:吾日三省吾身：为人谋而不忠乎?与朋友交而不信乎?传不习乎?xin•Honesty•TomatchwordswithdeedsTranslation:Keepwhatyousayandcarryoutwhatyoudo.言必信，行必果。Thankyou.