译林牛津版高二英语必修五unit1-知识点及语法总结

译林牛津版高二英语必修五unit1知识点及语法总结Welcometotheunit&ReadingI.重点单词1.betray.vt.1)出卖；背叛Hewouldratherdiethanbetrayhiscountrytotheenemy.2)显露；泄露Theexpressiononherfacebetraysheranger.2.pretend.vt/vi1)vt.假装，佯装,后接不定式和从句做宾语。Shepretendedtobereading.她假装在看书。2）vi.假装Shewasn’treallycrying,shewasonlypretending.3.admit.vt1)承认；供认admitdoingsth.承认做某事admittosb.向某人承认Headmittedhiscrime.2)许可进入，准许进入admitsb.to/into---接纳某人进入...;吸收某人参加...HeisadmittedtoNanjingUniversitythisyear.3)容纳,容许Thecinemaadmitsabout2000people.4)admitof容许有;有...可能;容有...的余地Hisillnessadmitsofnodelay.4.swear.vt/vi发誓；郑重承诺；咒骂sweartosb./swearthat从句向某人承诺发誓swear—swore---sworn5.focus.n/vt/vi1)n.焦点，注意力putfocuson集中注意力于…..2)vi/vtfocuson集中注意力于….近义词组：concentrateonpayfullattentiontodevote…to6.guilty.adj有罪的1)beguiltyof“犯了……罪”Intheprocessofgainingourrightfulplace,wemustnotbeguiltyofwrongfuldeeds.2)befoundguilty被判决有罪Maggiecouldbesentencedtouptothreeyearsinprisionif(hewas)foundguilty.7.remark.Vt/n评论makeremarksonsth=makecommentsonsth对…作出评论8.apologize.vi道歉apologizetosb=makeanapologytosb向某人道歉9.sensitive.adj敏感的;体贴的besensitiveto对…体贴，敏感10.blame.n/vt责备1)n.putblameonsb责备某人2)vt.blamesbforsth因某事责备某人blamesthonsb把某事归咎于某人Heblamedhisfaiureonhisteacher.sbbetoblame=sbshouldbeblamed主动形式表被动Youaretoblame.你应该受责备。11.gifted.adj=talented有天赋的1)begiftedfor/as有…天赋2)haveagiftfor有…天赋II.重点词组1.begsbtodosth恳求某人做某事2.stareat凝视glareat怒视gazeat瞪眼看3.keepone’sword守诺言breakone’sword食言haveawordwith与…交谈haveawordswith与…吵架4.feellikedoing想要做某事soundlike听起来像5.gostraightto径直去…6.spyon监视watchover看管7.keeppacewith与…协调一致keepupwith跟上8.asaresultof由于becauseof=dueto=owingto由于asaresult结果resultin导致resultfrom源于，由于9.turninto转变成turnup出现，出席turnout结果是turnsbdown拒绝turnaround转身；逆转turnto转向10.aswellas和aswell也mayaswell不如不妨11.shoutat朝…大喊(生气，愤怒)shoutto朝…大喊（指远处）12.makesomecruelremarks咒骂某人，说坏话13.eventhough即使14.cannothelpdoingsth禁不住做某事can’thelpbutdosth只好做某事can’thelptodosth不能帮助做某事15.accusesbofsth指控某人某事inform..of…告知approve…of同意warn…of…警告III.重点句式1.Imusthavesoundedveryproudofmyselfafterthequiz,sayinghoweasyitwasandhowIwassuretogetagoodmark.（page2）（1）“must+完成时”表示对过去事情语气比较肯定的推测。对现在推测，用mustbe.Theymusthavebeenlaughingbehindmyback.(page2）他们在我背后一定是笑得合不拢嘴。①“must+完成时”结构的反义疑问句，疑问部分应根据must后的动词形式采用相应的形式，可用have(has)，也可用did。但若句中出现了过去时间状语，则只能用did。Hemusthavereadit,hasn’t/didn’the?他一定读过它，是吗?Hemusthaveleftyesterday,didn’the?他昨天一定走了，是吗?②表示推测的否定结构要用“cannot/can’t”,或者是can+其他具有否定意义的副词。例如：Youcan’tbetired—you’veonlybeenworkingforanhour.你不可能疲倦，你只工作了一小时。（2）…..,sayinghoweasyitwasandhowIwassuretogetagoodmark是非谓语动词doing做原因状语；howeasyitwasandhowIwassuretogetagoodmark是how引导的名词性从句做say的宾语。2.IthoughtthatHannahmusthavetoldeveryoneaboutmygradesafterpromisingmenotto.（page2）1)musthavetold表示对过去推测；2）afterpromisingmenotto=aftershepromisednottotellanyone.a.after引导的状语从句，当从句的主语she与主句的主语Hannah一致时，从句的she可以省略，同时从句的谓语动词promised要变成非谓语形式promising;b.promisingmenotto属于todo不定式省略动词do的情况，在某些动词后，如：promise,like,hope,want等，为避免与上一句todo中的动词重复，可省略to后的动词。3.IcannothelpwonderingifhewantsPetertobehisbestfriendinsteadofme.（page3）1）ifhewantsPetertobehisbestfriendinsteadofme为wonder的宾语从句2）wondervt.(对)...感到奇怪;想知道，不知道①Iwonderif/whetheryou…可用来客气地提出请求；wonder后可接其他连接词引导的宾语从句。例如：Iwonderifyou’dgivemesomeadvice.Iwonderwhoheis,wherehecamefromandwhyhecame.②wonder后可接“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语：例如：Theywaitedandwonderedwhattodo.③thereisnowonderthat从句：难怪…….Thereisnowonderthatyouwerelateforschool,foryourbikebrokedown.4.Heaccusemeofsomebadthingsjusttohurtme.(page3）1)accusesbofsth=chargesbwithsth指控某人….2）justtohurtme属于非谓语todo形式，在句中做目的状语，类似的词组还有：onlyto(表示出乎意料的结果)，inorderto/soasto(表示目的)5.Ifso,theproblemlieswithyou,nother.（page5）(1)Ifso是个条件从句，so代替上文内容。not也有同样用法，构成省略句式：ifnot。又如：—Shemaynotbefreetoday.她今天可能没空。—Ifso,we’llhavetoputthemeetingoff.如果是这样，这会就得延后了。Getupearlytomorrow,ifnot(youdon’tgetupearly),youwillmissthefirstbus.明天你得早起，否则（你不早起），你会错过首班车。(2)liewith“是……的责任；取决于”。例如：Thesolutiontotheproblemlieswithyou.解决该问题的办法落在你的肩上。7.Ihavenodoubthewillsucceed.（page7）doubt作名词常用句型①havenodoubt意为“毫无疑义；毫无疑问”，其中doubt是名词。例如：Iforonehavenodoubtthathe’slying.②Thereisnodoubtthat…“毫无疑问……”,that从句是同位语从句。例如：ThereisnodoubtthatMaryisqualifiedforthejob.③no/without/beyonddoubt“无疑地；必定”Thetruthofthereportisbeyondalldoubt.Hewaswithoutdoubttheveryworstkindofreporter.Thosewholeftwereattracted,nodoubt,byhigherpay.Task&ProjectI.重点单词1.acquaintance.n泛泛之交makeacquaintancewithsb结识某人2.anchor.n.锚；vt.扎根于beanchoredin=bebasedon根植于3.attitude.n.看法，态度havepositiveattitudetowardssth/sb4.cautious.adj小心谨慎的becautiousabout=becarefulaboutcaution.N小心5.eager.adj急切的beeagertodo=bedyingfor=longfor=lookforwardtoeagerness.N6.respond.vi回应，回复respondto回复replyto回应reactto回应response.n回复inresponsetosth对…做出回复7.mercy.n仁慈atthemercyof在…的支配下8.committed.adj尽心尽力的becommittedtodoingsth=bedevotedtodoing=beabsorbedindoing=concentrateondoing=bebentondoing=beoccupiedindoing投入做某事commit.Vt致力于committodoingsth致力于做某事committosth致力于某事commitsuicide自杀commitcrime犯罪9.regardless.Adv不管，不顾regardlessof=indespiteof=despite+名词或名词性从句，意为“尽管”regard.Vt看做regard…as=thinkof…as=lookon…as=consider…asII.重点词组1.getthrough接通电话；渡过geton/alongwith与…相处getover克服getacross使…明白2.beanchoredin根植于3.b