2018江苏专转本英语真题和答案解析

江苏省2017年普通高校专转本选拔考试英语试题卷注意事项：1.本试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两部分，试题卷共10页，全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.必须在答疑卡上作答，作答在试题卷上无效。作答前务必将自己的姓名和准考正好准确清晰的填写在试题卷和答题卡上的指定位置。考试结束时，须将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。PratIReadingComprehension（共20小题，每小题2分，共40分）Directions:Thereare4passageinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.PassageOneQuestions1to5basedonthefollowingpassage.Weusebothwordsandgesturestoexpressourfeelings,buttheproblemisthatthesewordsandgesturescanbeunderstoodindifferentways.Itistruethatasmilemeansthesamethinginanylanguage.Sodoeslaughterorcrying.Therearealsoanumberofstrikingsimilaritiesinthewaydifferentanimalsshowthesamefeelings.Dogs,tigersandhumans,forexample,oftenshowtheirteethwhentheyareangry.Thisisprobablybecausetheyarebornwiththosebehaviorpatterns.Fearisanotheremotionthatisshowninmuchthesamewayallovertheworld.InChineseandEnglishliterature,aphraselike“hewentpaleandbegantotremble”suggeststhatthemaniseitherveryafraidordeeplyshocked.However,“heopenedhiseyeswide”isusedtosuggestangerinChinesewhereasinEnglishitmeanssurprise.InChinesesurprisecanbedescribedinaphraselike“theystretchedouttheirtongues”.StickingoutyourtongueinEnglishisaninsultinggestureorexpressesstrongdislike.Eveninthesameculture,peopledifferintheabilitytounderstandandexpressfeelingsExperimentsinAmericahaveshownthatwomenareusuallybetterthanmenatrecognizingfear,angerloveandhappinessonpeople’sfaces.Otherstudiesshowthatolderpeopleusuallyfinditeasiertorecognizeorunderstandbodylanguagethanyoungerpeopledo.tothepassage,_________.canhardlyunderstandwhatpeople’sgesturesmeanandgesturesmayhavedifferentmeaningsindifferentculturescanbebetterunderstandbyolderpeoplecanbebetterunderstandbymostofthepeoplewhilewordscannot’sfacialexpressionsmaybemisunderstandbecause______。ofdifferentagesmayhavedifferentunderstandingshavedifferentculturesofdifferentsexesmayunderstandagesturedifferentlyofdifferentcountriesspeakdifferentlanguagesinthesameculture,people_______.differentabilitiestounderstandandexpressfeelingsexactlythesameunderstandingofsomethingfailtounderstandeachotherequallyintelligentthispassage.wecanconclude_______.areusedasfrequentlyasgesturesareoftenfounddifficulttounderstandandgesturesarebothusedinexpressingfeelingsaremoreefficientlyusedthanwordsbesttitleforthispassagebe________.A.WordsandFeelingsB.Words,GesturesandFeelingsC.GesturesandFeelingsD.CultureandUnderstandingPassageTwoQuestions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.TheEnglishpolicemanhasseveralnicknamesbutthemostfrequentlyusedare“copper”and“bobby”.Thefirstnamecomesformtheverb“tocop”(whichisalsoslang),meaning“totake”or“tocapture”,andthesecondcomesformthefirstnameofSirRobertPeel,a19thcenturypolitician,whowasthefounderofthepoliceforceasweknowittoday.Anearlynicknameforthepolicemanwas“peeler”,butthisonehasdiedout.Whateverwemaycallthem,thegeneralopinionofthepoliceseemstobeafavorableone,except,ofcourse,amongthecriminalpartofthecommunitywherethepolicearegivenmorederogatorynicknameswhichoriginatedinAmerica,suchas“fuzz”or“pig”.VisitorstoEnglandseemtobeveryimpressedbytheEnglishpolice.Ithas,infact,becausestandingjokethatthevisitortoBritain,whenaskedforhisviewsofthecountry,willalwayssay,atsomepointorother,“Ithinkyourpolicemenarewonderful”.Well,theBritishbobbynotalwaysbewonderfulbutheisusuallyaveryfriendlyandhelpfulsortofcharacter.Amusic-hallsongofsomeyearsagowascalled“IfYouWantToKnowTheTime,AskAPoliceman”.Nowadays,mostpeopleownwatchesbuttheystillseemtofindplentyofotherquestionstoaskthepoliceman.InLondon,thepolicemanspendsomuchoftheirtimedirectingvisitorsaboutthecitythatonewondershowtheyeverfindtimetodoanythingelse.TwothingsareimmediatelynoticeabletothestrangerwhenheseesanEnglishpolicemanforthefirsttime.Thefirstisthatdoesnotcarryapistolandthesecondisthathewearsaverydistinctivetypeofheadgear,thepoliceman’shelmet.Hishelmet,togetherwithhisheight,enablesanEnglishpolicemantobetimeitissuggestedthatthepolicemanshouldbegivenapistolandthanhishelmetshouldbetakenformhim,butbothsuggestionsareresistedbythemajorityofthepublicandthepolicethemselves.6.NowadaysBritishpeoplecallthepoliceman________.offollowingstatementsisTRUE?arefewercriminalsinAmericathaninBritain.Englishbobbyisfriendlybutnothelpful.Englishpoliceenjoyhavingpistols.youseeanEnglishpolicemanforthefirsttime,youwillprobablynoticeatoncethat_______.oftentellspeopletimehasahelmetontheheadisusuallyveryhelpfulwearsspecialclothesanEnglishpolicemancanbeseenformsomedistanceis______.standingjokenohelpsomehelpandfunnypraisetheEnglishpolicebecause______.arepoliceandhelpfuloftengivethanksobeyordersarearmedwithmodernequipmentPassageThreeQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Itisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsofthousandsofeverydayperceptions,thebasesforthedecisionswemake,andtherootsofourhabitsandskillsaretobefoundinourpastexperiences,whicharebroughtintothepresentbymemory.Memorycanbedefinedasthecapacitytokeepinformationavailablefor