毕业设计论文-阀门的设计2

I摘要阀门是管路流体输送系统中控制部件，它是用来改变通路断面和介质流动方向，具有导流、截止、调节、节流、止回、分流或卸压等功能。用于流体控制的阀门，从最简单的截止闸阀到复杂的自控系统中所用的各种阀门，其品种和规格繁多，阀门的公称通径从极微小的仪表阀大至通径达到10m的工业管路用阀。阀门可用于控制水、蒸汽、油品、气体、泥浆、各种腐蚀性介质、液态金属和放射性流体等各种类型流体的流动，阀门的工作压力可从0.013MPa到1000MPa的超高压，工作温度从-269℃的超低温到1430℃的高温。阀门的控制可采用多种传动方式，如手动、电动、液动、气动、涡轮、电磁动、电磁-液动、电-液动等；可以在压力、温度或其他形式传感信号的作用下，按预定的要求动作，或者不依赖传感信号而进行简单的开启或关闭，阀门依靠驱动或自动机构使启闭件做升降、滑移、旋摆或回转运动，从而改变其流道面积的大小以实现其控制功能。闸阀是指关闭件（闸板）沿通路中心线的垂直方向移动的阀门。闸阀在管路中只能作全开或全关切断用，不能作调节和节流。闸阀是使用范围很广的一种阀门，一般口径DN≥50mm的切断装置都选用它，有时口径很小的切断装置也选用闸阀。本设计是以楔式弹性单闸板闸阀为设计对象，主要介绍了闸阀的结构特点和手动气动转换装置的特点，以及其工作原理。阀门设计包括很多内容，包括通用部件的设计和专用部件的设计，又包括强度、尺寸等众多计算过程。其中，设计阀门的关键在于阀门密封设计，其中阀杆的强度计算，以及稳定性计算也是重点。阀门设计整个过程包括这样几个步骤。按设计参数确定结构，进行方案论证，工作原理受力分析，强度计算，稳定性校核，材料选择，测绘总装备图和手动机构装配图和气缸及阀门的全部零件图（用AutoCAD绘制）。闸板密封面的受力分析，闸杆稳定性校核及阀门强度计算是重难点。其中包括这样几个重点步骤。首先对工作环境进行确定，选择合适的方案，对设计的零件进行受力分析；然后根据国家标准和推荐尺寸来确定实际尺寸；最后对强度进行校核，绘制阀门工程图。II关键词：手动—气动转换密封面楔式闸阀弹性闸IIIAbstractValvesisthecontrolunitofthefluidpipingsystem.Itisusedtochangethechannelsectionsandputtomediumflow,withdiversion,off,adjustthethrottle,onlytheback,splitorpressurerelieffunction.Forfluidcontrolvalves,cut-offvalvefromthesimplesttotheCommissionforDisciplineInspectionofcomplexautomationsystemsusedinavarietyofvalves,anditsmanyvarietiesandspecifications,thevalvenominaldiametergaugevalvefromtinytolargediameterto10m,industrialpipingvalves.Thevalvecanbeusedtocontrolthewater,steam,oil,gas,slurry,avarietyofcorrosivemedia,liquidmetalsandradioactivefluidandothertypesoffluidflow.Workingpressureofthevalvefrom0.013MPato1000MPa.Workingtemperaturefrom-269℃to1430℃ultra-lowtemperatures.Valvecontrolcanbeavarietyoftransmissionmethods,suchasmanual,electric,hydraulic,pneumatic,turbine,electromagneticmoving,electromagnetic-hydraulic,electro-hydraulic,etc.Inpressure,temperatureorotherformsofsensorsignalsundertheeffectofapredeterminedactionrequired,orisnotasimplesensingsignalandopenorclosethevalvemechanismreliesonthedriveorautomaticopeningandclosingmembertomakemovements,slip,swingorrotarymotion.Thuschangingthesizeoftheflowpassageareatoachieveitscontrolfunction.Valveisclosedparts(ram)alongthechannelcenterlineverticalmovementofthevalve.Valveinthepipelinecanonlybefullyopenorfullyclosedoffwith,cannotbeadjustedandthethrottle.Valveistouseawiderangeofavalve,generallydiameterDN≥50mmcuttingdevicesareusedwhich,sometimesasmalldiametercuttingdevicealsousevalve.Thedesignisflexiblewedgegatevalveforthedesignofsingleobjects.MainlyintroducedthestructurecharacteristicsofGate.Manpower-Pneumatictheconversiondevicecharacteristicandoperatingprinciple.Thevalveisdesignedincludingmanycontent.IncludecomponentdesignbeingappliedoruseduniversallyandspecialuseIVpartdesign.Andalotofcalculationprocesssuchasincludingtheintensity,thedimension.Amongthem,designthatthevalvekeydependsonvalvehermeticsealingdesignsthat.Amongthemthevalvestemintensitysecretlyschemesagainst.Thestabilityiscalculatedbeingalsodifficultpoint.Thevalveisdesignedincludingsuchstep.Designparametersdeterminedbythestructure,conductdemonstrationprogram,workingprinciplestressanalysis,strengthcalculation,stabilitycheck,materialselection,mappingdiagramsandtheGeneralArmamentmanualmechanismandcylinderandvalveassemblydrawingsforallthepartsdiagram(withAutoCADdrawing).Includingsuchseveralprioritystep.Firstbeinprogresstotheworkenvironmentthinking.Choosetherightschemebeinprogresstothepartdesigningthatbyforceanalysis.Thencomethestandardandrecommendationaccordingtothecountrytoascertaintheactualdimension.Lasttheintensityisproofread,drawvalveengineeringdrawing.Keywords:thehandpneumaticchangesealdyadicvalveofwedgeelasticitybrakeboardV目录摘要.................................................................................................................................................IAbstract............................................................................................................................................III第一章绪论...................................................................................................................................11.1选题意义............................................................................................................................11.2国内外阀门的发展............................................................................................................21.2.1国外阀门的发展.....................................................................................................21.2.2国内阀门的发展.....................................................................................................2第二章气动—手动楔式闸阀的工作原理及其结构特点.............................................................42.1工作原理.............................................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.2结构设计特点.....................................................................................错误!未定义书签。第三章阀门的设计与计算.............................................................................................................43.1阀体的设计与计算...............................................................................................