高一上英语阅读理解

学习目标CourseObjectives1.了解阅读理解命题特点2.掌握阅读理解解题技巧目录Catalog1考纲解读2考点梳理3题型分析和解题技巧4总结PART01考纲解读考纲解读ExamOutlineInterpretation1.理解主旨要义2.理解文中具体信息3.根据上下文推断生词的词义4.作出简单判断和理解5.理解文章的基本结构6.理解作者的意图和态度7.根据所读，用恰当的词语补全文章提纲、概括关键内容或作词语转换PART02考点梳理考点梳理TestPointsCollating1.列举处2.转折处和对比处3.例子常考4.数字和年代常考5.最高级和绝对性词汇常考6.专有名词常考7.细节处常考8.因果句常考9.段落中心句常考10.特殊标点常考PART03题型分析和解题技巧主旨大意型[解析]1)whatisthemainidea/pointofthispassage?2)whatisthemaintopic/subject/title?3)whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinthepassage?对策：答案多在文章的首句或末句；答案：多为概括性的选项主旨大意型[练习3.1]Unlessgovernmentstakenecessarymeasurestoprotecttigers,theymaydisappearby2010,theWorldWildlifeFundsaidThursday.......Threeofthesubspeciesoftiger—theBali,CaspianandJavantigersareextinct.TheSouthChinatigerfacesthesameendasonly20or30areknowntoremaininthewild,downfrom4000in1950s.Q1.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthispassage?A.HowtoProtectTigersB.TigersAreDisappearingfromtheWorldC.TigersintheWildD.TheChineseYearoftheTiger主旨大意型[练习3.2]NewYork,London,Parisandotherbigcitiesareexcitingplacestolivein.Therearemanyinterestingthingstoseeandtodo....Butthereareseriousproblemsinbigcitiestoo.Thecostoflivingishigh,andtherearetoomanypeopleinsomeofbigcities...Somepeopleenjoylivinginbigcities.Othersdonot.Beforepeoplemovetobigcities,theyshouldthinkabouttheproblemsoflivingthere.Q2.Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．BigcitiesB．NewYork,London,andParisC．ExcitingPlacestoliveinD．SeriousProblemsinBigCities细节理解型[解析]1)According－考查对文章内容的掌握，如：时间、地点、事件等细节问题。对策：利用题目中的关键词找文章中的对应词，在对应词的周围寻找答案。2)Number－考查对文章中数字的掌握，运算型：通过简单的四则运算求解。对策：原始数据不是解。细节理解型[解析]4)范围型Except题型－即三缺一型，要求选出一个不符合文章内容的选项。Which题型对策：这两种主要考并列句、列举句细节理解型[练习3.4]There,usingtissuetakenfromunburnedareasofAmmie’sbody,surgeons（外科医生）performedcomplexskingrafts（移植）tocloseherwoundsandcontrolherinjuries,anoperationthattookaboutsixhours.Overthenext16years,Ammieunderwent12moreoperationstorepairherbody.Q1.HowmanyoperationshasAmmiealreadyhad?A.OneB.TwelveC.ThirteenD.Fifteen细节理解型[练习3.5]WhenshestartedschoolatMaxweltonPrimaryatage4,otherpupilsmadecruelcommentsorsimplywouldn’tplaywithher.“Iwastheonlyburnedchildinthestreet,theclassandtheschool,”sherecalled,“somechildrenrefusedtobecomefriendsbecauseofthat.”Q2.WhatdidotherchildrendowhenAmmiefirstwenttoschool?A.TheywerefriendlytoherB.TheylaughedatherC.TheywerecrueltoherD.Theywereafraidofher推理判断型[解析]命题包括以下动词：infer,imply,suggest,conclude,assume.对策：1)根据文中的关键词、短语、结构进行推断；2)通过阅读某段或几段内容3)注意：要根据文中内容进行推断，不能凭空猜测。推理判断型[练习3.5]ThePaseodelaReform,runningsouthwestacrossthecity,isoneofthemajortouristandbusinessareasinMexicoCitywithmanyhighqualityhotelsonlywalkingdistancefromgreatrestaurantsandothertouristattractions.Theonlyproblemyouwillhaveistryingtoseeallofthesesitesduringyourvacationtime.Q1.Fromthethirdparagraph,wecanlearnthat______.A.thenumberofthecityattractionscan'tmeettheneedsofthetouristsB.itisconvenientfortouriststovisitthecityfromwheretheystayC.touristshaveproblemswhenvisitingthesitesinMexicoCityD.touristsoftenhavetheirthreemealsinthehighqualityhotels推理判断型[练习3.6]Atthispoint,thelittleboycameoutrunningtowardhismotherwithtearsinhiseyes.Hehuggedherandfeltalmostasacrifice(牺牲)oflifethathismotherhadmadeforhim.Heheldherhandtightlyfortherestoftheday.Q2.Fromthelastparagraph,itcanbeinferredthat_________A.theboywasstillembarrassedB.theboywouldlovehismothermorethanbeforeC.theboywaspleasedwithhismother‟sscarD.theboywasafraidtoseehismother词义猜测型[解析]1）考查熟词偏义或在特定场合具体的词义对策：常见含义不是解2）生词的含义推断对策：根据上下文判断其合理的词义才是唯一的出路。词义猜测型[练习3.7]Childrenarealwaysboasting.Theysaythingslike“MyDad‟scarisbiggerthanyourDad‟s.”“MyMomissmarterthanyours.”and“Myfamilyhasmoremoneythanyours.”Q1.“Boasting”means____A.吵闹B.吹牛C.顽皮D.幼稚词义猜测型[练习3.8]Althoughyourmindslowsdown,youwilldreamfromtimetotime.Scientistswhostudysleeppointoutthatwhendreaminghappens,youreyeballsbegintomovemorequickly.ThisstageofsleepiscalledREM,whichstandsforrapideyemovement.Q2.REMmeans________A.youmovefastB.youstartdreamingC.yourmindstopworkingD.youreyeballsmovequicklyPART04总结总结[规律]1.体现中心思想（包括段落中心）的是解2.照抄原文的不是解，同义替换的是解3.含义不肯定的是解，如：cancouldmayusuallymightmostmoreorlessrelativelybelikelyto含义绝对的不是解：如：mustalwaysneverthemostallanynoneentirely含义相反的是解总结[规律]4.具体的不是解，概括性的、抽象的是解1）带有some的是解：someonesomebodysometimesomethingcertain2）简单的不是解，复杂的是解，字面意思不是解，含义深刻的是解3）带虚词的解：anotherothermoreeitherbothalsobesideextradifferentsameparticularnearlynotenough总结[规律]5.“变化”是解：changedelayimprovepostponeincrease6.“重要的、基础的”是解：importantnecessityessentialbasisbebasedon7.二选一：反义项有解；形似项有解；近义项有解