2016高三英语词汇必修1-Unit-4(针对基础薄弱学生)

名师指津基础知识自测1.____________n.地震2._______n.事件；大事3.__________n.要点；大纲；轮廓4.__________n.灾难；灾祸earthquakeeventoutlinedisaster5.__________vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏6._________vi.(burst,burst)爆发7.__________adj.极度的8.__________adv.真诚地;真挚地burstburyextremesincerely9.__________n.废墟vt.毁灭10.__________vt.表示;表达n.快车11.__________n.裁判员;vt.断定judgeruinexpress(A)单词派生二、单词拓展1.__________v.判断__________n.判断；辨别力judgmentjudge2.________vt.损害;伤害________n.损害;伤害________adj.受伤的3._____________v.祝贺;恭喜_____________n.祝贺;(复数)贺词congratulationinjureinjuryinjuredcongratulate4.___________adj.电的;导电的___________n.电;电流;电学5.___________v.(使)惊吓___________adj.受惊的;受恐吓的___________adj.令人恐惧的frighteningelectricelectricityfrightenfrightened1.Twoplayersareoutoftheteambecauseof_______.(injure)介词后要接名词。2.Mypersonal___________isthatheistoblame.(judge)形容词后接名词构成名词词组作主语。judgementinjury用正确形式填空3.His__________(frighten)eyesmadetheboyfeel___________.4.Bobleftmehis________(electric)fanbeforehewenttoLondon.形容词修饰后面的名词。frighteningfrightenedelectric感到恐惧的令人恐惧的1.____________立刻;马上2.__________________许多;大量的3.____________结束;终结4.____________严重受损;成为废墟三、短语翻译inruinsrightawaya(great)numberofatanend5.__________掘出;发现6.__________仿佛;好像7.__________代替8.__________像往常一样asusualdigoutasifinsteadof9.____________三分之二10.______________灾害侵袭的地区disaster-hitareastwothirds重点词汇讲练1.burstv.爆裂;突发例句Theballoonsuddenlyburst.气球突然爆炸了。burstin闯进来；突然插嘴burstintolaughter=burstoutlaughing放声大笑burstintotears=burstoutcrying放声大哭搭配⑵Whenwewerechattingintheroom,heburst___.运用填入一个恰当的词。⑴Theaudienceburst____cheers.⑶Asshewastalking,theoldmanburst____cryingwithexcitement.outintoin2.injurevt.伤害，使受伤，损害例句Two-thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.三分之二的人在这次地震中死去或受伤。理解说出下列各句的汉语意思。⑴Heinjuredhiskneeyesterday.⑵IhopeIdidn’tinjureherfeelings.⑶Dishonestinjuresabusiness.欺骗有害生意。他昨天伤了膝盖。我希望我没有伤害她的感情。3.destroyvt.破坏；毁坏；消灭(damagesth.sobadlythatitcannotberepairedoritnolongerexists，works，etc.)例句Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.无论人们朝哪里看，哪里的一切都几乎被毁了。⑴destroy强烈摧毁，无法或难以修复；毁掉(名誉、希望、计划等)。如：Thehousesweredestroyedbyafire.房屋被火灾所毁。⑵ruin(逐渐)彻底毁灭；弄坏(美好经历或有用物)。如：Oxfordhasbeenruinedbythemotorindustry.牛津城已经被汽车工业毁掉了。辨析destroy，ruin&damage⑶damage可修复的部分损坏或损害，指其价值或功能等降低。Theymanagedtorepairthehousesthathadbeendamaged.他们设法修复了受到破坏的房屋。运用用上述词填空，并译成汉语。⑴Whathesaid__________ourlasthope.⑵Shepouredwaterallovermypainting,and_______it.⑶Herheartwasslightly__________asaresultofherlongillness.由于生病，她的心脏轻微受损。(功能降低)destroyed他说的话摧毁了我们最后的希望。ruined她把水全倒在了我的画上，把画毁了。(有用物被糟蹋)damaged4.shockv.(使)震惊；震动n.休克；打击；震惊例句Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewereshocked.井里满是沙子而不是水了，人们惊呆了。用法作n.表示“令人震惊的事”时，前用a。派生________adj.(人)感到震惊的________adj.(事)令人震惊的shockingshocked翻译听到这个消息，我十分震惊。（一句多译）a.I___________tohearthenews.b.I______________thenews.c.___________metohearthenews.d.Thenews_______ashock.gavemewasshockedwasshockedatItshocked5.rescuen.&vt.援救；营救(save…fromharmordanger；setfree)例句Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.有些医生和救援人员被困在废墟下面。搭配rescue…from…从……中抢救或营救……go/cometoone’srescue援救或帮助某人rescuework/workers抢救工作/救援人员⑴rescue多指在直接的危险或祸患中给予迅速和有效的救援，较save更能表达拯救的紧迫性，一般指救人；它还有从监禁中救出的意思。⑵save指通过救援不但使受害者(人或物)能脱离危险或祸患，而且使其能保存下来，有时可与rescue通用。从某种状态中把某人拯救出来多用save。辨析rescue&save运用用rescue或save填空,并说明理由。⑴只有社会主义才能救中国。Onlysocialismcan_____China.⑵救生艇被派出去救沉船的水手。Thelifeboatwassentoutto________thesailorsfromthesinkingship.saverescue指从状态中拯救出，多用save。从危险中拯救，拯救的紧迫性，用rescue更好。⑶消防队员行动及时，该建筑物才免遭焚毁。Thequickactionofthefiremen_______thebuildingfrombeingburneddown.saved救的对象是物，多用save。6.lie/beinruins成为废墟例句Thewholebuildinglayinruinsafteraterribleearthquake.整栋大楼在一次可怕的地震后变成废墟。翻译暴风雨过后，他的房子已成废墟。联想fallintoruin完全毁掉；坍塌；破败不堪Afterthestorm,hishouselayinruins.7.agreatnumberof许多,大量例句Ihavealargenumberofletterstoanswer.我有许多信要回。比较a(great，large)numberof(+复数名词)许多;thenumberof(+复数名词)……的数目。前者作主语时，谓语动词用复数；后者作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Thenumberofthepeopleinvitedtotheparty_____(be)50lastnight,butanumberofthem_____(be)absentfordifferentreasons.运用用所给词的适当形式填空。waswere写作句型仿写原句Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!世界似乎到了末日!(B1P26)1.Itseemsasif…看上去好像……;似乎……例句Itseemedasiftheskywouldfalldown.似乎天要塌下来了。仿写看上去好像除了我之外别人都知道。______________________________exceptme.说明其中asif可用asthough替代Itseemsasifeverybodyknowsit例句Allstudentscannotgotokeyuniversityaftertheygraduatefrommiddleschool.不是所有的学生中学毕业后都能上重点大学。2.all...not=notall...并非都……原句Allhopewasnotlost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。(B1P26)仿写并不是每个人都像你那么自私。说明all,both,each,always,every及every的合成词与not连用时表部分否定。_____________isasselfishasyou.Noteveryone原句Thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.鸡甚至猪也太紧张了以至于不吃东西了。3.too+adj./adv.+(forsb.)todosth.太……以至于不……例句Themanistoohonesttoplayatricklikethat.这个人很诚实,不会搞那样的恶作剧的。(1)这个箱子太重了,我搬不动。Theboxis________forme________.仿写根据汉语意思完成英文句子。(2)我十分渴望见到你。I’m_________to____you.seetooheavytocarrytooeager4.thinklittleof不重视；没把……当成回事例句Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusualthatnight.但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事,当天晚上照常睡着了。thinkmuchof重视；赞扬thinknothingof不把……放在心里thinkhighlyof对……评价高thinkbadly/illof对……评价很糟联想仿写将下列中文句子翻译成英文。⑴他不重视我的建议。⑵她没把每天走30里路当回事。Shethinksnothingofwalking30milesaday.Hethoughtlittleofmysuggestion.