车辆工程-汽车专业英语课件-汽车基础知识部分---Chapter-4-Steering-and-Su

复习自动变速器英文专业词汇AT的组成，主要部件名称AMT组成、主要部件名称DCT\CVT的基本结构翻译句子学习内容本节课学习内容、目标和重点难点学习目标难点重点Chapter4SteeringandSuspensionSystems1.掌握转向、悬架系统的基本组成、类型、各系统主要零件的英文名称2.提高翻译技巧，能较熟练翻译课文1.重点：转向、悬架系统的基本组成、类型、各系统主要零件的英文名称2.难点：电动转向系统Chapter4SteeringandSuspensionSystems4.1SteeringSystem1.BasicPartsofSteeringSystem2.TypesofSteeringSystem3.PowerSteeringSystems4.2SuspensionSystems1.BasicPartsofSuspensionSystem2.Frontsuspension3.RearSuspensionChapter4SteeringandSuspensionSystems4.1SteeringSystemspindle['spindl]n.主轴，心轴，转向节linkage['liŋkidʒ]n.连接，连接装置，联动装置，传动装置plunger['plʌndʒə]n.活塞，柱塞，活动铁芯rotary['rəutəri]a.旋转的，转动的speedometer[spi'dɔmitə]n.(指汽车的)车速表，里程计relevant['relivənt]a.有关的，切题的，恰当的2.4.1NewWordsandPhrasesChapter4SteeringandSuspensionSystems4.1SteeringSystemsteeringwheel转向盘steeringarm转向臂steeringgear转向器steeringshaft转向轴manualsteering机械转向，人力转向powersteering动力转向recirculatingballsteeringgear循环球式转向器Chapter4SteeringandSuspensionSystems4.1SteeringSystemworm-and-rollersteeringgear蜗杆滚轮式转向器rack-and-pinionsteeringgear齿轮齿条式转向器workingcylinder工作缸workingplunger工作活塞slidevalve滑阀speed-sensitivepowersteering速敏动力转向electro-hydraulicconverter电-液转换器worm-gearpair蜗杆副Chapter4SteeringandSuspensionSystems4.1SteeringSystemThesteeringsystemisdesignedtoallowthedrivertomovethefrontwheelstotherightorleftwithaminimumofeffortandwithoutexcessivemovementofthesteeringwheel.Althoughthedrivercanmovethewheelseasily,roadshocksarenottransmittedtothedriver.1.BasicPartsofSteeringSystemThebasicsteeringsystem(Figure4-1)canbedividedintothreemainassemblies:·Thespindleandsteeringarmassemblies.·Thelinkageassemblyconnectingthesteeringarmsandsteeringgear.·Thesteeringwheel,steeringshaft,andsteeringgearassembly.2.4.2TextChapter4SteeringandSuspensionSystems4.1SteeringSystemFigure4-1BasicpartsofsteeringsystemChapter4SteeringandSuspensionSystems4.1SteeringSystem2.TypesofSteeringSystemTherearetwotypesofsteeringsystems:manualsteeringandpowersteeringsystems.Inthemanualsteeringsystems,driverdoesalltheworkofturningthesteeringwheel,steeringgear,andtires.Inthepowersteeringsystems,hydraulicorelectricpower-assistedsteeringisusedtoreducetheeffortrequiredbyturningthesteeringwheel.Therearethreetypesofthesteeringgearsinuse:recirculatingballsteeringgear,worm-and-rollersteeringgearandrack-and-pinionsteeringgear.3.PowerSteeringSystemsHydrauliclack-and-pinionpowersteeringsystem.Thissystemconsistsofmechanicalrack-and-pinionsteeringgear,hydraulicworkingcylinderswithworkingplungers,rotaryslidevalve,oilpump,pressure-limitingvalveandoilreservoir(Figure4-2).Chapter4SteeringandSuspensionSystems4.1SteeringSystemFigure4-2Ahydraulicrack-and-pinionpowersteeringsystemwithrotaryslidevalveChapter4SteeringandSuspensionSystems4.1SteeringSystemElectro-hydraulicpowersteeringsystem-Servotronic.Servotronicisanelectronicallycontrolledrack-and-pinionsteeringsysteminwhichthehydraulicassistingforcesareinfluencedbythedrivingspeed.Atlowdrivingspeeds,thefullassistingforceofthehydraulicrack-andpinionsteeringtakeseffect.Thehydraulicassistingforceisreducedasdrivingspeedincreases.So,Servotronicisaspeed-sensitivepowersteering.Servotronicconsistsofelectronicspeedometer,ECU,hydraulicrack-and-pinionsteeringgear,oilreservoir,electro-hydraulicconverterandoilpump(Figure4-3).Chapter4SteeringandSuspensionSystems4.1SteeringSystemFigure4-3Servotronic-aelectro-hydraulicpowersteeringsystemChapter4SteeringandSuspensionSystems4.1SteeringSystemElectricpowersteering-Servolectric.WithServolectric(Figure4-4),theassistingforceisgeneratedbyanelectronicallycontrolledelectricmotor.Theelectricmotorisonlyswitchedonwhenrequired.Thesteeringtorqueappliedbythedriverismeasuredviaatorsionrodwithatorquesensorandinadditionthespeedismeasuredviaaspeedsensor.ThetwosignalsarefedtotheECU.TheECUcalculatesthetorquerequiredanditsforce-transferdirectionusingstoredprogrammapsandsendstherelevantoutputsignalstotheelectricmotor.Thelattergeneratesanassistingtorquewhichistransformedbyaworm-gearpairandtransmittedtotherackand-pinionsteeringgear.Chapter4SteeringandSuspensionSystems4.1SteeringSystemFigure4-4Servolectric-aelectricpowersteeringsystemChapter4SteeringandSuspensionSystems4.2SuspensionSystemsbump[bʌmp]n.碰撞，(因碰撞而起的)肿块，(路面的)凸块twist[twist]v扭转，扭弯，旋转，捻，搓rebound,[ri'baund]v.弹回，回弹，跳回diminish[di'miniʃ]v.减少，减小，缩减attenuate[ə'tenjueit]v.变薄，变细，变小，减弱oscillation[¸ɔsi'leiʃən]n.振动，摆动，波动，振荡strut[strʌt]n.支柱，支杆，支撑transverse[træns'və:s]a.横向的4.2.1NewWordsandPhrasesChapter4SteeringandSuspensionSystems4.2SuspensionSystemsIfavehicle'saxleswerebolteddirectlytoitsframeorbody,everyroughspotontheroadwouldtransmitaforcethroughoutthevehicle.Ridingwouldbeuncomfortable,andhandlingatfreewayspeedswouldbeimpossible.1.BasicPartsofSuspensionSystemSprings.Everyvehiclehasspringsofsomekindbetweentheframeorbodyandtheaxles.Therearethreetypesofspringsingeneralusetoday:leafspring,coilspring,andtorsionbar.Twodifferenttypesofspringscanbeusedononevehicle.ShockAbsorbers.Whenthevehicleistravelingforwardonalevelsurfaceandthewheelsstrikeabump,thespringisrapidlycompressed(coilsprings)ortwisted(leafspringsandtorsionbars).Thespringwillat