英语语音知识总结

Lesson1语音知识纲要一、英语共有26个字母(大小写形式)Aa[ei]Hh[eitʃ]Jj[dʒei]Kk[kei]Ee[i:]Bb[bi:]Cc[si:]Dd[di:]Gg[dʒi:]Pp[pi:]Tt[ti:]Vv[vi:]Zz[zi:]Ff[ef]Ll[el]Mm[em]Nn[en]Ss[es]Xx[eks]Ii[ai]Yy[wai]Uu[ju:]Qq[kju:]Ww[ˈdʌbljuː]Oo[əu]Rr[a:]二、英语共有48个音标(音素)一）元音（20个）：二）辅音（28个）：轻辅音：/p//t//k//f//θ//s//ʃ//ts//tʃ//tr/浊辅音：/b//d//g//v//ð//z//ʒ//dz//dʒ//dr/鼻音：/m//n//ŋ/边音：/r/喉音：/h/舌侧音：/ǀ/半元音：/j//w/单元音12个：/i://i//æ//e//ʌ//a://ɔ://ɔ//ɜ://ə//ʊ://ʊ/双元音8个：/eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ//aʊ//ɪə//eə//ʊə//əʊ/Lesson2/i://i/1./i:/嘴唇向两边伸展，两齿稍稍分开，同时舌前部向硬腭尽量抬起，但不接触硬腭，舌尖顶住下齿。bean豆子pizza披萨clean干净的read阅读eat吃sheet床单feed喂食speak说发音字母总结-ewehesheme-eeseefeetwheelbeeheelkneethreeneedlefree-eateaseabeachpeachmeanpleaseseatpea-iepieceniecethiefbelieve-eiceiling-eykey2./i/唇部扁平，但没有发/i:/时那么伸展，且口形稍大，舌前部稍向硬腭抬起。big大的kiss吻pig小猪building建筑物sit坐chip芯片stick棍子fix修理发音字母总结-uiguitarbuildingbiscuit-eprettykitchen-ubusybusiness-iinitifisbitpigbigclickkissmissgiftsick-yhappypitybicycle-eymoneyhoneymonkeydonkeyLesson3/æ//e/1./e/发音时，上下齿之间约能伸进自己的食指尖，舌尖抵住下齿，舌前部有微微上抬的趋势。bed床letter信bet打赌pet宠物check检查second第二；秒发音字母总结-eyessendbestrestsevenelsegemnesttent-amanyany-ueguessguestquestionrequest-eabreaddeadheavenheadreadyweatheralreadypleasant-aisaid-iefriend2./æ/这个音是四个前元音中舌位最低、口形最大的。发音时，舌尖轻轻抵住下齿，双唇向两边平伸，成扁平状，口形张到可以容下自己的中指和食指尖。Albert阿尔伯特hammer锤子bad坏的jacket夹克衫matter事情blanket毯子pan平底锅camel骆驼发音字母总结-acatbatmapexactfat-afhalfcraftaircraftafter-amexamplestampjamlamb-anbananachancedanceandmanhandplanland-asclasspassaskfastlasttask-athbathpathmathLesson4/ʌ//a:/1./ʌ/这个音不能发成“阿”，要发得短促。发音时，嘴张大到“阿”大小，舌尖抵下齿龈，舌中部抬高，切记发音短促。cup杯子one一个cut切割luck运气bug虫子，窃听器money钱lust渴望tub池子done完成son儿子gut勇气，胆量hunt打猎gum树胶touch碰触发音字母总结-umustcutbuthutgunsunlunchhusbandunderup-oonedonedosen’tlovenothingotherMonday-outouchtroubledoublecouplecousinenoughroughyoung2./ɑ:/这个音和汉语的“阿”非常相近，为扁唇音，是后元音中舌位最低、口形最大的音。发音时，口腔纵向打开，舌部展平，舌中部微微下凹，要做到发音时对镜能看到自己的扁桃体。且要注意单词中出现字母r的卷舌音。bar横木，酒吧park公园calm平静的Chicago芝加哥farm农场tar柏油father父亲heart心脏Lesson5/ɔ://ɔ/1./ɔ:/发音与汉语中的“哦”相似，发音时：双唇稍稍收圆，感觉口腔里可以含一个鸡蛋。all全部form表格talk谈话door门autumn秋天four四lord主人horse马before在…之前corner角落bought买more更多发音字母总结-alsmallwalltalktallhallballcallwalk-orshortmorelordhorseforfortysportdoorfloorstore-ourfourmourncourtcourse-auauthorcaughtautumnAugust-arwarmquarrelquarter-awdrawlawrawpaw-ouboughtfoughtbroughtthoughtcough2./ɔ/发音时，嘴形比/ɔ:/稍大，且发音短促。发音字母总结-ohotlostlotfoxboxmophoplosscollarnot-awantwashwatchLesson6/u://u/1./u:/是后元音中口形最小最紧的一个音。发音时，双唇向前突起,舌后部向软腭抬起口mop擦watch观看；手表box盒子hot热的top顶部odd奇怪的dog狗boss老板dot点long长的lot许多hospital医院腔肌肉始终保持紧张的状态。blue蓝色的food食物rule规则who谁do做moon月亮you你shoe鞋子flew飞mood心情；情绪发音字母总结-oofoodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetoothtoo-odowhomovelosewhose-uruderulehugeflucutemutemulemenu-uebluegluecluecueduetrue-ewflewdrewchew2./u/在发音时，双唇收圆，稍向前突出。同时，舌身后缩，舌后部向软腭抬起，舌尖轻触下齿。发音字母总结-oolookgoodfootbookcookhookwood-oushouldcouldwould-uputfullbullpullpush-owomenLesson7/ə//ə:/1./ə:/与中文的“饿”发音相似，用在重读音节。发音时，口部微张至发“饿”的嘴形，舌尖抵cook厨师put放foot脚good好的push推would将会look看could能够full饱的；满的book书；预定下齿龈，舌中部抬高，发长音。bird鸟heard听见lurk潜伏search寻找dirty脏的purpose目的work工作term学期发音字母总结-erherpersontermherb-irfirmsirshirtfirstthirstythirdbirthstir-ordoctoractorhumorworldworstworkforget-urhurtoccurfurcurtainburnchurchpurple-earearnsearchlearnearlyearth2./ə/则是英语中最短最轻的一个元音，用在非重读音节中。发音时，嘴半张，舌身平放口中，口腔肌肉放松，发短音。英音和美音在发这两个个音时的差别在于，前者不卷舌，后者在拼写时有字母r的要卷舌。about关于letter信件afraid害怕customer顾客ago…以前number数字，号码forget忘记later过一会儿发音字母总结-erteacherleaderrememberplayerspeakerfarmer-ordoctoractormayorauthortractormajor-oudeliciousnervousfabulousfamous-arfamiliarcollardollarscholarbeggarsugar-otogethertomorrowtodaylessoncontrolpolite-aelephantbananaCanadaJapanchinaaboutago-emenlistenstolenspoken-urSaturdayLesson8/ei//ai/1./ei/由/e/和/i/构成，,实际发音时，/e/的嘴形比单音时略小，一定注意前长后短，前重后轻。day天eight八，八个game游戏station车站paper纸they他们plane飞机train火车great很好的play玩save节约safe安全的fate命运date日期；约会发音字母总结-anamecakelategateplaneAprildatemale-ayplaysaymaywaystaypaylaybay-eagreatbreaksteak-airainpaintplainpaintrain-eytheygreyhey-eigheightweightsleigh2./ai/该音在发音过程中口形变动较大，由舌位最低的/a/滑动到舌位较高的/i/，第一个音素清晰响亮，第二个音素模糊短促。bike自行车sky天空light灯；轻的style风格height高度wild野生的eye眼睛mind思想；介意high高的die死亡发音字母总结-ibikefinefindnineice-ydryflyskyfrytrybymyshy-iedieliepietie-ighlightnighthighfight-yedyeeyeLesson9/ɔi//au/1./ɔi/该音由/ɔ/向/i/滑动，由开圆唇改为扁圆唇，同时做到前长后短，前重后轻即可。voice声音oyster牡蛎boy男孩choice选择toy玩具oil油enjoy享受coin硬币point指着join加入发音字母总结-oyboytoyjoyenjoysoybeanoyster-oiboiltoiletoilpointjoinchoice2./au/该音在滑动过程中口形变化也较大，由舌位较低的/a/滑动到舌位较高的/u/，由大开口改为圆唇。cow奶牛house房子now现在mouse老鼠how怎么样mouth嘴crowd人群blouse女士衬衫crown皇冠doubt怀疑down向下out外面发音字母总结-owclowndownowlpowerallow-oumouthmouseabouthourloudgroundLesson10/əu//iə/1./əu/该音即字母“o”的发音，也是要注意两个音素的滑动，尽量做到圆润、饱满。boat船bowl碗pose姿势hold举行go去no不know知道coat大衣host男主人snow下雪low低的logo商标；图标发音字母总结-ohomecoldgonophonehostghost-owknowlowbelowgrowblowshowflow-oaboatcoatgoalgoatcloakroadmoanloan2./iə/该音由/i/向/ə/滑动，做到前长后短，前重后轻即可。发音字母总结-eerbeerdeer-ierfierce-earhearfeardearearteargear-ereheremereatmospherehemisphere-eaideareally-iouseriousvariousobviousfurious-ioperiodLesson11/eə//uə/1./eə/该音由/e/向/ə/滑动，做到前长后短，前重后轻即可。dear亲爱的area区域ear耳朵idea主意here这里serious严