Unit-1--Move-Over-Big-Brother

Unit1MoveOver,BigBrother教学建议：1.本章重点：有关监视技术的表达法。2.本章难点：学习讨论监视技术进步的正负面影响。3.课时安排：精读4学时。☆Pre-readingActivities☆PassageExploration☆Post-readingActivitiesUnit1MoveOver,BigBrotherPre-readingQuestions1.Whatsurveillancedevicescanyougeteasyaccesstonowadays?2.Whatmightbetheconsequencesofthespreadofsurveillancetechnology?BackgroundInformation☆GeorgeOrwell☆1984☆LouisXIV☆BigBrother☆RodneyKing☆AbuGhraibjailinIraq☆PeepingTomGeorgeOrwellGeorgeOrwell(1903-1950)wasbornEricArthurBlairin1903inMotihari,Bengal,India.HewenttoBrumaandservedintheadministrationoftheIndianImperialPolicefrom1922to1927whenheresignedinpartduetohisgrowingdislikeofBritishimperialism,adislikehevocalizedinhisessaysShootinganElephant(1950),andAHanging(1931).In1928,hedecidedtobecomeaprofessionalwriter.Startingin1930OrwellbecamearegularcontributortotheNewAdelphi,andin1933heassumedthenameGeorgeOrwellbywhichhewouldbecomefamous.GeorgeOrwellForhisfirstnovelheusedhisrecentexperiencewithpovertyasinspirationandwroteDownandOutinParisandLondon(1933).Whileteachinginaprivateschoolhepublishedhissecondmajorwork,BurmeseDays(1934).DuringthesecondWorldWarOrwellservedasasergeantintheHomeGuardandalsoworkedasajournalistfortheBBC,ObserverandTribune,wherehewasliteraryeditorfrom1943to1945.ItwastowardtheendofthewarthathewroteAnimalFarm,andwhenitwasoverhemovedtoScotland.ItwasAnimalFarmthatmadefinallyOrwellprosperous.HisotherworldwidesuccesswasNineteenEighty-Four,whichOrwellsaidwaswrittentoalterotherpeople'sideaofthekindofsocietytheyshouldstriveafter.SadlyOrwellneverlivedtoseehowsuccessfulitwouldbecome.HediedfromtuberculosisinLondononJanuary21,1950.1984In1984,WinstonSmithlivesinLondonwhichispartofthecountryOceania.Theworldisdividedintothreecountriesthatincludetheentireglobe:Oceania,Eurasia,andEastasia.OceaniaisatotalitariansocietyledbyBigBrother,whichcensorseveryone’sbehavior,eventheirthoughts.WinstonisdisgustedwithhisoppressedlifeandsecretlylongstojointhefabledBrotherhood,asupposedgroupofundergroundrebelsintentonoverthrowingthegovernment.WinstonmeetsJuliaandtheysecretlyfallinloveandhaveanaffair,somethingwhichisconsideredacrime.Oneday,whilewalkinghome,WinstonencountersO'Brien,aninnerpartymember,whogivesWinstonhisaddress.WinstonhadexchangedglanceswithO'BrienbeforeandhaddreamsabouthimgivinghimtheimpressionthatO'BrienwasamemberoftheBrotherhood.1984SinceJuliahatedthepartyasmuchasWinstondid,theywenttoO'Brien’shousetogetherwheretheywereintroducedintotheBrotherhood.O'BrienisactuallyafaithfulmemberoftheInner-PartyandthisisactuallyatrapforWinston,atrapthatO'Brienhasbeencleverlysettingforsevenyears.WinstonandJuliaaresenttotheMinistryofLovewhichisasortofrehabilitationcenterforcriminalsaccusedofthoughtcrime.There,WinstonwasseparatedfromJulia,andtortureduntilhisbeliefscoincidedwiththoseoftheParty.Winstondenounceseverythinghebelievedhim,evenhisloveforJulia,andwasreleasedbackintothepublicwherehewasteshisdaysattheChestnutTreedrinkinggin.LouisXIVLouisXIV:KingofFrance(1643–1715).Hisreign,thelongestinFrenchhistory,wascharacterizedbyamagnificentcourtandtheexpansionofFrenchinfluenceinEurope.Louiswagedthreemajorwars:theDutchWar(1672–1678),theWaroftheGrandAlliance(1688–1697),andtheWaroftheSpanishSuccession(1701–1714).BigBrotherBigBrother:Anomnipresent,seeminglybenevolentfigurerepresentingtheoppressivecontroloverindividuallivesexertedbyanauthoritariangovernment.(afterBigBrother,acharacterinthenovel1984byGeorgeOrwell)RodneyKingRodneyKing:RodneyGlenKing(bornApril2,1965inSacramento,California)wasanAfrican-Americanmotoristwho,whilevideotapedbyabystander(GeorgeHolliday),wasstruckrepeatedlybyLosAngelespoliceofficers(LAPD)duringapolicestoponMarch3,1991.Theincidentraisedanoutcry,asmanypeople,bothwithinandoutsidetheAfrican-Americancommunity,believedthatthebeatingwasraciallymotivated,excessiveandanexampleofpolicebrutality.TheacquittalinastatecourtoffourofficerschargedwithusingexcessiveforceinsubduingKingledtothe1992LosAngelesriotsandmassprotestaroundthecountry.AbuGhraibjailinIraqAbuGhraibjailinIraq:In2004,reportsemergedofnumerousinstancesofabuseandtortureofprisonersintheBaghdadCorrectionalFacility,formerlyAbuGhraibPrison,bypersonneloftheU.S.armedforces,CIAofficersandcontractorsinvolvedintheoccupationofIraq,beginningin2003.PeepingTomPeepingTom:Apersonwhosecretlywatchesothers,especiallyforsexualgratification;avoyeur.Thisexpression,firstrecordedin1796,alludestothelegendofthetailorTom,theonlypersontowatchthenakedLadyGodivaassherodebyandwhowasstruckblindforthissin.TextStudying☆Structureofthetext☆LanguagepointsStructureAnalysisI.[P1-2]Lifewithoutprivacywillbeapossibility.II.[P3-5]Modernadvancesoftechnologymakethedemocratizationofsurveillancepossible.III.[P6-8]Thedisadvantagesofthespreadofsurveillancetechnology.IV.[P9-14]Thebenefitsofthespreadofsurveillancetechnology.V.[P15-16]Thesocialcompactofthespreadofsurveillancetechnology.LanguagePoints☆WordsandExpressions☆ExplanationofdifficultsentencesWordsandexpressions:surveillance/sɜːˈveɪləns/Surveillanceisthecarefulwatchingofsomeone,especiallybyanorganizationsuchasthepoliceorthear