会计英语PPT(完成版)--Chapter-10--Liabilities

1of10CurrentLiabilitiesNoncurrentLiabilities12Chapter10.Liabilities2of10LiabilitiesLiabilitiesaretheexistingobligationsofanenterpriseasaresultofpasttransactionsorotherpasteventswhichwillsacrificefutureeconomicbenefitsoftheenterprise.Examplesofliabilitiesareamountsowedtoasupplierforgoodsboughtoncredit,amountsowedtoalender,taxpayableandsoon.Someliabilitiesareduetoberepaidfairlyquickly.Otherliabilitiesmaytakesomeyearstorepay.Thus,liabilitiescanbeclassifiedascurrentliabilitiesandnoncurrentliabilities.3of10CurrentLiabilitiesCurrentliabilitiesarethosethataredueorpayablewithinoneyearorcurrentoperationcycle,whicheverislonger.Forinstance,accountspayable,notespayable,taxespayable,accruedexpenses,deferredrevenues,andcurrentportionsoflong-termdebtsareallcurrentliabilities.1Accountspayablearemoneyowedbyabusinesstoitssuppliersshownasaliabilityonacompany’sbalancesheet.Accountspayablemainlyrefertotradepayables,payablesforthepurchaseofphysicalgoodsthatarerecordedininventory.4of10AccountspayableandNotespayableThereisadistinctionbetweenaccountspayableandnotespayable,whicharedebtsowedtofinancialinstitutionssuchasabankandcreatedbyformallegalinstrumentdocuments.Notespayableareoftenusedinsteadofaccountspayablebecausetheygivethelenderformalproofoftheobligation.Taxespayablerepresenttheamountstheentityowestothegovernmentfortaxes.Taxationusuallysetsrulesforanentitydifferentfromfinancialaccountingrules.5of10Accruedexpensesareexpensestobepaidforgoodsorservicesreceivedinaperiodbuthavenotyetbeeninvoicedforbythesuppliers.Adeferredrevenue(alsocalledunearnedrevenue)ismoneythatisreceivedbeforetheentitydeliversgoodsorprovidesservices.Acurrentportionoflong-termdebtrepresentsthepartofanoncurrentliabilitythatisduewithinthenexttwelvemonths.Thatamountisconsideredacurrentliability.6of10Debtsthatdonotmeetthecriteriaforbeingclassifiedascurrentliabilitiesarecallednoncurrentliabilitesorlong-termliabilities.2NoncurrentLiabilitiesAtermloanisamonetaryloanthatisrepaidinregularpaymentsoverasetperiodoftime.Thelenderisusuallyabankoraninsurancecompany.Atermloanusuallyinvolvesanunfixedinterestratethatwilladdadditionalbalancetoberepaid.7of10Foracompany,bondsareamoresignificantsourceofnoncurrentliabilities.Abondisaformofinterest-bearingnotepayable,representingmoneythatacorporationborrowsfromtheinvestingpublic.Bondsareusuallyissuedinunitsof$1,000.Forexample,a$100,000bondissuecouldconsistofahundred$1,000bonds.·············Securedbondscarryapledgeofcertaincorporateassetsasaguaranteeofrepayment.Ifthebondisnotsecuredbyspecificassetsandissuedonthebasisofacorporation’sgeneralcredit,itiscalledanunsecuredbond(ordebenture).8of10Bondsthatmatureatasinglespecifiedfuturedatearetermbonds.Forexample：·······Bondsthattheissuingentitycanbuybackandretirepriortomaturityarecalledcallablebonds.Thebondholders,attheiroption,canconvertthebondsintocommonstock;thesebondsarecalledconvertiblebonds.9of10Liabilities:负债。是指企业由于过去的交易或者事项形成的、预期会导致经济利益流出企业的现时义务，按其流动性可划分为流动负债和非流动负债。Currentliabilities:流动负债。指将在一年（含一年）或者一个营业周期内偿还的债务，包括短期借款、应付票据、应付账款、预收账款、应付工资、应交税金、一年内到期的长期借款等。Noncurrentliabilities:非流动负债，又称为长期负债。是指偿还期超过一年或者一个营业周期的债务。非流动负债主要包括长期借款和应付债券。KeyWordsandExpressionsTHANKYOU