人教版高中英语必修1--unit-4-grammar

Learningaboutlanguageback1useless3agreatnumberof5atanend7rightaway9shock11rescue2nation4dirt6extreme8steam10track12ruinAnswerkeysforEx.1onpage28:1AnswerkeysforEx.2onpage28:Earthquakefeelingsdamageeventsrescuework2FeelingsBeforecurious,anxious,surprise,amazed,puzzled,confused…Aftershocked,horrified,relieved,worried,scared,angry,distressed,sad,terrified,frightened,hopeless,hopeful,unbelievable,encouraged…DamageBeforecrackspipesburstAftergreatdestruction,housesinruins,roadsdestroyed,watergasandelectricityhardtoget,peoplekilledorinjured,crackscutacrossroadsandcanals,hillsofrockbecomedirt,childrenlostparentsEventsBeforeanimalsbehavedstrangely,lightsinsky,soundofplanes,wellwasterroseandfellAfterruins,2ndquake,armycameRescueworkAftercalmpractical,hard=working,selflesshelpful,bravecourageous,kindthoughtful,preparedtireless,understanding,organized,strong-willed,determinedAnswerkeysforEx.3onpage28:Itwasafrighteningnight.Thedamcrackedandthenburstundertheweightofthewater.Thewaterwentalloverthefieldsanddestroyedquiteafewvillagesalongtheriver.Somebuildingswereinruinsandsomefarmersweretrappedatthetopoftheirhouses.Thewaterfilledthecanalsandthewells.Deadbodiesandinjuredanimalswereseeneverywhere.Peoplewereshocked,buttheyhadtoburythedeadbodiesforhealthreasons.Itwasaverysadtime3AnswerkeysforEx.4onpage28:Whentheearthquakecame,itwasasiftheworldwasatandend.Whenthehousesfelldown,itsoundedasif_____________________________Whenthedambroke,itlookedasiftheseahadarrivedsuddenlyonourdoorstep.Whenthebrickscoveredtheground,itwasasif_____________________________amountainhadblownup.stoneswereflowinglikewater.4Grammar定语从句TheAttributiveClauseObservethesentencescarefully•1.Maryisagirl.•2.Maryisabeautifulgirl.•3.Maryisabeautifulgirlwhohaslonghair.概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(Attributiveclause)Maryisabeautifulgirl.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰girl,叫做定语从句1.Themanisafarmer.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.合并句子:Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisafarmer.Maryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合并为一个句子Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.WhichbabyisJack?穿红裤子的baby是Jack。ThebabyisJack.ThebabyisJack.whoiswearingredtrousersthehandsomethetallthestrongthecleverthenaughtyboyTheboyisTom.TheboywhoishandsomeisTom.TheboywhoistallisTom.TheboywhoisstrongisTomTheboywhoiscleverisTomTheboywhoisnaughtyisTom.TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.(主语)TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.ThemanwhositsinfrontofmeisTom.Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.(宾语)Thewomangotthejob.Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.Theboyisinthelab.Youwanttotalktohim.Theboy(whom)youwanttotalktoisinthelab.Theboytowhomyouwanttotalkisinthelab.Thisistheboy.Isitbehindhim.Thisistheboy(whom)Isitbehind.ThisistheboybehindwhomIsit.Whichboydoyoulikebetter?appletheredthegreenthesmallthebigTheapplewhich/thatisredismine.Theapplewhich/thatisgreenisyours.Theapplewhich/thatisredissmallTheapplewhich/thatisgreenisbig.关系代词:1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoat.Thegoatiseatingherflowers.Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoatwhich/thatiseatingherflowers.Canyoulendmethebook?Youtalkedaboutitlastnight.Canyoulendmethebook(which/that)youtalkedaboutlastnight.Canyoulendmethebookaboutwhichyoutalkedlastnight?Doyoufindthepen?Iwrotewithitjustnow.DoyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow?Doyoufindthepen(which/that)Iwrotewithjustnow?3.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that/who/whom)Itoldyouabout.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.注意：介词提前时只能用which而不能用that。4.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?fromthatwhose在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与whose后的名词为所属关系。whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与ofwhich互换使用。Whose用来代替his，her，their，its.Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue.DoyouknowthegirlwhosefatherdiedinIraq2.如何选择关系代词?who,whom,whose,which,that口诀:前看先行词,辩清人或物后看从句里,有无主宾语指人的关系代词：that/whowhomwhose指物的关系代词：that/whichwhose在从句中作主语,宾语在从句中作定语在从句中作宾语在从句中作主语,宾语在从句中作定语1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.Thisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboy’slife.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.Themanwhoisrunningismyuncle.3.我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.IlikethemusicthatIcansingalongwith.4.住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.5.这正是我一直在寻找的漂亮女孩.ThisistheverybeautifulgirlthatI’mlookingfor.6.你是我在这儿遇见的最后一个人。YouarethelastpersonthatImeethere.先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,when定语从句的用法:当先行词是物时,用which或that引导.Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.当先行词是人时,用who,whom,whose,that引导.who,whom,whose,that用法区别.who