英语动词讲解ppt课件

动词1动词分类概念能独立作谓语的动词本身有意义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语。本身无意义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语。有一定词义，本身不表示动作和状态，而仅仅表达说话人的态度。实义动词系动词助动词情态动词2（一）实义动词1._________本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。Ilikethebook.2.___________自身意思完整，无需接宾语。Birdscanfly.及物动词不及物动词31动词+宾语IlikeEnglishverymuch.2动词+宾语+宾补Wepainttheshelfpink.加名词作宾补的词有:call,choose,consider,elect,make,name······及物动词41）动词+宾语+不定式(todo)（宾补）adviseallowcauseenableencouragefindforbidforcewishinviteorderpermitpersuaderemindtellwarnexpectwish·········5一have,let和make,此三动词是使役，使用它们要仔细，后接“宾补”略去“to”一感feel,二听hear,listento,三让have,let,make,四看see,lookat,observe,watch6口诀：不定式作宾语补足语时省to的动词【速记口诀】一感，二听，三让，四看，半帮助【妙语诠释】一感：feel；二听：hear,listento；三让：make，let，have；四看：see，notice，watch，observe；半帮助：help7colour,keep,find,get,leave,make,paint,cutEg:Pleasecolouritred.Ifinditinteresting.8get/leave/keep/set/catch/havesb.doing;see/find/watch/feel/hear/listento/discoversb.doing如:他让我等了整整一上午。Hekeptmewaitingthewholemorning.9过去分词作宾补时，常见的词有have,get,makehavesthdoneEg:我理发了。Ihavehadmyhaircut.我让别人明白了。Imademyselfheard.10口诀：能接不定式，又能接动名词，但意思不同的动词或词组：forget,goon,mean,remember,stop,try，regret,巧记，即四'记'力争不后悔。四记指(记得/记住；忘记；计划/打算；继续)；力争指try；不后悔指stopregretting-stop与regret。11bring,hand,lend,mail,offer,owe,passpost,read,return,send,sell,show,take,teach,tell,throw,write+sb+sth/sthtosb12book,buy,choosecook,draw,fetchfind,fix,getmake,order,pickpreparesavesingsparesteal+sbsth/sthforsb131.没有被动形式，如happen,occur,rise,lie,die2.主动表示被动的词动词+(well,poorly,easily)sell,wash,burn,cook,cut,drive,dress,play,last,open,write,start,run,read,operate,break,measure,weigh1.Drywoodburnseasily.2.Theclothwasheswell.14他跑的快。Herunsfast.他经营一家工厂。Herunsafactory.Eg:study，fly，run,change151.Shelookedforwardeveryspringto_____theflower-linedgarden.A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkingin2.Iwouldappreciate______backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.you’recalling3.Thedayhehaslookedforwardto______atlast.A.comingB.cameC.comeD.comes4.MrSmithwarnedherson____afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive5.Shepretended_____mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseenDCBExerciseAA16常见的连系动词有：be,become,turn,get,grow,keep,feel,look,seem,smell,turn,fall等。它们都表示状态的渐变或保持不变，以及表示感觉。后面接形容词构成系表结构。Eg：Pleasekeeptheclassroomclean.Thebreadlooksveryfresh.Hisplansoundedpractical.（二）系动词本身有意义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语。17系动词用法习惯搭配朝坏的方面变化wrong,bad,mad,hungry,blindetc.表颜色等red,green表成长中的变化strong,tall由动态到静态转变ill,sick,asleep转向好的状态true,alive常用来指人或物的状态的变化become接名词时,名词前接冠词gocometurngrowfallgetbecome181.Theweatherwill_____hotforanothertwoweeks.A.lastB.remainC.getD.turn2.Thehotweatherwill____anothertwodays.A.lastB.remainC.getD.turn3.Thebossmadethem_____12hoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.workedD.working4.Theyweremade_______12hoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.workedD.workingBAABExercise195.----Haveyougotaticketfortheconcert?----No,thetickets______wellandthey_______outlastweek.A.sell;weresoldB.sell;soldC.sell;havebeensoldD.aresell;soldA6.Don’tgetthatinkonyourwhiteshirtforit______.A.won’twashoutB.doesn’twashawayCisn’twashingoutD.hasn’twashedaway7.Theytriedtogetthecar_______,butitwon’t______.A.started;startB.tostart;startC.started;startedD.tostart;tostartAA20助动词是“辅助性”动词，一般没有词义，不能单独作谓语，但可用来帮助构成谓语，表示不同的时态，语态，和数的变化。常见的助动词有：（1）be(am,is,are,was,were,being,been)与现在分词结合构成各种进行时态，或与过去分词结合构成被动语态。Eg:I’mlookingformypen.（现在进行时）Whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterday?(过去进行时)ThesecupsaremadeinChina.（被动语态）（三）助动词21（2）have(has,had,having)与过去分词结合构成完成时。Eg:Theyhaveknowneachotherfortwentyyears.（现在完成时）Hehadbuiltachemistrylabforhimselfattheageoften.（过去完成时）（3）助动词do(does,did)后只能跟动词原形，与not及其他动词结合构成否定句，或置于主语之前构成疑问句。Eg:HedoesnotspeakEnglish.Whendidhecomeback?22（4）will(would),shall(should)：will能用于一般将来时的任何人称后；would是will的过去时，能用于过去将来时；两者后面都接动词原形。Eg:Theplanewillarriveintenminutes.飞机十分中后将要到达。Iwassurethatwewouldwin.我确信用我们会赢。shall与should这两个助动词本身没有词义，shall只能用于一般将来时的第一人称后；should是shall的过去时，只能用于过去将来时的第一人称后；两者后面都接动词原形。Eg:Weshallmeetattheschoolgatetomorrow.我们明天将在校门口见。ItoldthemthatIshoulddotheworkalone.我告诉他们我将独自做那项工作。23①情态动词在英文中是“辅助性”动词，用来表示说话人的语气或情态，包括请求、命令、允诺、可能、需要、敢于、愿望、义务、能力等。情态动词本身有词义，但词义不完全，不能单独用作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，且后面只跟动词原形。②情态动词的种类：原形过去式词义cancould能maymight可以（或许）mustmust(hadto)必须（不得不）willwould愿意shallshould应该needneeded需要daredared敢于（四）情态动词24★can’thelpbutdo=can’tbutdo=havetodoIcan’thelpbuttellhimthetruth.1.---Iusuallygotherebytrain.---Whynot______byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing2.---Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---Oh,Iforgot_______.A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoffDC251)can的主要用法是：A._________：Thegirlcandanceverywell.B._____________：Canthenewsbetrue?C._____________:CanIsithere?can&could：表示能力表示推测可能性表请求或允许（多用于疑问否定句中）262)could的主要用法是：A.__________________________________________________:Weallknewthattheyoungmancouldn’tbeadoctor.我三岁就能看书了。FathersaidIcouldgooutwithmyfriends.could是can的过去式,表示过去的能力,许可和推测B.could可代替can表示请求,语气委婉(主要用于疑问句）Couldyoulendmeyourbike?CouldIuseyourbike?-Yes，youcan.273)Theycan't/couldn’thavegoneoutbecausethelightisstillon.can’t/couldn’thavedone过去否定猜测must