Myasthenia-gravis

Myastheniagravis重症肌无力Myastheniagravisisarelapsing,remittingneuromusculardisordercharacterizedbyweaknessandpronouncedfatigabilityoftheskeletalmuscles.Thediseasemayoccuratanyage,butthepeakageofonsetis20years;asecond,smallerpeakoccursinlateadultlife,atwhichtimemalesarepredominantlyaffected.重症肌无力是一种时而发作、时而缓解的神经肌肉疾患，其特征是骨骼肌无力和极度的疲惫。此病可发生于任何年龄，但发病高峰人群为20岁左右，其次为成年后期，此时受累者多为男性。【relapsev复发（病）】【remitv缓解】【pronouncedadj显著的】【fatigability：n易疲劳性】【predominantlyadv主要地】Intheyoungeragegroupfemalesoutnumbermalesbythreetoone.Thereisasignificantcorrelationbetweenthisagedistributionandtheoccurrenceofthymiclesions.Oldermalesarelikelytohavethymictumors,whereasyoungfemalestendtohavethymicyperplasia.而年轻人中，女性患者数是男性的3倍，这种年龄的差异与胸腺病损伤有显著相关关系，年长男性更易患胸腺肿瘤而青年女性易患胸腺增生。【outnumberv在数目上超过】【correlationn相关性】【thymicadj胸腺的】【hyperplasian增生】Myastheniagravismanifestsitselfbyrapidandprofoundfatigueofstriatedmuscles.Themusclesmostseverelyinvolvedarethoseinmostactiveuse:theextraocularmusclesandthoseoftheface,tongueandextremities.Theprimarydangertothesepatientsistheinvolvementoftherespiratorymuscles,whichmayleadtoasphyxia.Usuallythediseasefollowsalongchroniccourse,interspersedwithperiodsofspontaneousremission.重症肌无力主要表现为横纹肌迅速而明显的疲劳。受累者较严重的多为较活跃的肌肉，例如：眼外肌，面肌、舌肌和四肢肌。这类病人首要的危险时呼吸肌受累，这可导致窒息，病程发展缓慢，间或以自发的缓解期。【manifestv表明】【profoundadj深度的；广泛的】【extraocularadj眼外的】【extremityn肢体】【asphyxian窒息】【interspersedv点缀】【spontaneousadj自发的】【remissionn缓解】Theprognosisishighlyvariableandisnotpredictableinanyonepatient.Treatmentwithadrenalcorticosteroidsisquitebeneficial,presumablyowingtotheirimmunosuppressiveaction.不同病人的预后决然不同，很难做出准确的预测。用肾上腺皮质激素治疗非常有效，大概是自身免疫抑制作用的缘故。【prognosisn预后】【corticosteroidsn皮质类固醇】【immunosuppressiveadj免疫抑制的】Thymectomyappearstobebeneficialinalargepercentageofpatients,eveninthosewithoutthymoma.Plasmapheresishasalsobeenusedtoremovecirculatingacetylcholinereceptorantibodies.对大多数病人来说，胸腺切除非常有效，尽管其中有些人并没有胸腺瘤。血浆除去法通常被用来清除循环系统中的胆碱受体抗体。【Thymectomyn胸腺切除术】【thymoman胸腺瘤】【Plasmapheresisn血浆除去法，血浆提取法】【acetylcholinen胆碱受体抗体】THEENDTHANKYOU!