马克吐温(英文版)

MarkTwain(1835-1910)•HisrealnamewasSamuelLanghorneClemens.•anAmericanauthorandhumorist•ajournalistwhosatirizedthehypocrisyofmanandsocietyLifeexperienceThetragiceventsofhislaterlifeHisworksWritingCharacteristicsHiscontribution&influenceHissayingBorninFlorida,Missouri,onNovember30,1835.Whenhewasfour,Twain'sfamilymovedtoHannibal.In1847thedeathofhisfatherbroughtanendtohiscarefreedays,andhehadtogotoworkattheageof12asaprinter’sapprentice.In1851,hebeganworkingasatypesetterandcontributorofarticlesandhumoroussketchesforanewspaperownedbyhisbrother.From1857to1861,TwainworkedasariverboatpilotontheMississippiRiver.Thisoccupationgavehimhispenname,MarkTwain.OnMississippiriverboats,twofathoms,adepthindicatingsafewaterforpassageofboat,wasmeasuredonthesoundingline.“Marktwain”wasacallusedbysailors.Picturesfrom•In1863,heworkedataVirginiaCitynewspaper.Herehefirstusedhispenname.•In1864,TwainmovedtoSanFrancisco,stillasajournalist.•Hisfirstsuccessasawritercamewhenhishumoroustalltale,TheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCounty,waspublishedin1865.Itbroughthimnationalattention.OnFebruary2,1870,TwainmarriedOliviaLangdon,theonlydaughterofawealthyNewYorkbusinessman..Picturesfrom’sforemostcelebrity.Hewasinvitedtoattendanniversarygatherings,politicalconventions,andcountlessdinners.Reportersmethimateveryportofcall,anxioustoprintanewquipfromthefamoushumorist.Picturesfrom•MarkTwaindiedofillnessonApril21,1910.Whenhepassedaway,newspapersaroundthecountrydeclared,“Thewholeworldismourning.”thefailureofhisinvestments,hisfatiguingtravelsandlecturesinordertopayoffhisdebts,thedeathofhiswifeandtwodaughtersthedarkeningsociallifeSomecriticslinkthesetragiceventswiththechangeofstyleinhislaterworks,fromanoptimistandhumoristtoanalmostdespairingdeterminist.DuringhisseventeenyearsinHartford(1874–1891)andovertwentysummersatQuarryFarm,Twainwrotemanyofhisclassicnovels：•ThePrinceandthePauper(1881)《王子与贫儿》•LifeontheMississippi(1883)《密西西比河上的生活》•AConnecticutYankeeinKingArthur'sCourt(1889)《误闯亚瑟王宫》Twain’sgreatestfameandhisimportanceinAmericanliteraturerestlargelyonhistwobestknownnovels,TheAdventuresofTomSawyer《汤姆·索亚历险记》TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn《哈克费恩历险记》Otherworks•RunningforGovernor《竞选州长》•The£1,000,000Bank-Note《百万英镑》•TheGildedAge《镀金时代》•TheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCounty(hisfirststory)《卡拉维拉斯县驰名的跳蛙》•Theinnocentabroad《傻子出国记》•TheManThatCorruptedHadleyburg•《败坏了哈德莱堡的人》•RoughingIt•《苦行记》•TheAdventuresofTomSawyer•《汤姆·索亚历险记》•TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn•《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》马克·吐温四大名著WritingCharacteristicsofMarkTwain•Earlystage:Active&humor•Mid-term:Satire（讽刺）•Laterperiod-Pessimistic&desperate•Heusedalotofcolloquialidioms（俚语）andcolloquialsyntax（口语）andmadehiswritingfullofallegories（寓言）thatlaybehindthehumor.likeasharpweaponWritingCharacteristicsofMarkTwain•Literatureisanartoflanguage.MarkTwain’slanguageisartisticandlikeasharpweaponwithoutdoubt.MarkTwainisfamousforhishumorandsatire.•MarkTwain’shumorisbasedonthehumoroftheWesterninAmerica.•Heusedalotofcolloquialidiomsandcolloquialsyntax.•Heoftendescribedpersonswhowasinnocent,simple,naive,andignorantashisheroesorheroines.•Heusedtheartisticstyleofhyperbole（夸张法）onthebasisofthewesterntraditionalhumorandmadehiswritingfullofallegories（寓意）thatlaybehindthehumor.WritingCharacteristicsofMarkTwain•Humor•Satire.•Colloquialidiomsandsyntax.WritingCharacteristicsofMarkTwain•MarkTwainwasawriterwhohadthecharacteristicsofUnitedStates.TwainisatrueAmericanwriter-bornandgrownintheUnitedStates.Hehashisownideas,createdthroughhiseyesanduniquelanguage.HehasnoshadowofEuropeandFeudalcultureatall.Heisalocal,westernwritersoftheAmericas.•MarkTwainsucceedofhislanguageskills.Hejustaprimaryandlearnedwordsformthecommonperson.HecreatedanewstyleofAmericanliteraturelanguagebasedonthepopularlanguage,openedanewgenerationofAmericanliterature.CommentsonMarkTwainMarkTwainenjoyedimmensepublicpopularity.Hiskeenwitandincisivesatireearnedhimpraisefrombothcriticsandpeers.WilliamFaulknercalledTwainthefatherofAmericanliterature.HewasthefirstrealAmericanwriter,andhewascalled“Lincolnoftheliterature”.MarkTwainQuestions•1.WhatdoesMarkTwainmean?12feetdeepor3.66metersdeep.•2.HowoldwasTwainwhenhebeganwritingstories?32yearsold•3.HowdoyouknowthathelovedMississippiRiververymuch?Threeofhismostfamousbooksdescribepeopleonthisgreatriver.Hispennameisabouttheriver.MarkTwainQuestions•4.Whatwashefamousfor?Hewasfamousforitsdescriptionofcommonpeopleandthewaytheytalked,butespeciallyforhishumor.•5.Howwashislastyearsoflife?Hislastyearsoflifewasfilledwithsadevents,lonelinessandthelossofmuchmoney.•Hemadecolloquialspeechanaccepted,respectableliterarymediumintheliteraryhistoryofthecountry.ItsinfluenceisclearlyvisibleinAmericanliterature.Hiscontribution&influence•MarkTwainwasasocialcriticaswell.Helovedfreedomandjustice,feltaprideinhumandignityandadvocatedbrotherhoodofman.Hehateddespisedmeannessandcruelty.Hiswritingstouchuponalmosteveryissueofhistimesuchaspolitics,religion,slavery,andthepersecutionoftheChineseandtheJews.MARKTWAIN’SSAYING1.Do